Multiscale structure analysis of a pH-responsive gelatin/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate blend using small-angle scattering.

Hypothesis: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) is an enteric polymer that has been employed in drug delivery systems to delay the release of the encapsulated active pharmaceutical ingredients through its pH-responsive solubility change. This has been recently demonstrated as an effective means for delaying the drug release from gelatin/HPMCP hydrogels at gastric pH values. However, structural characteristics of HPMCP agglomeration in gelatin/HPMCP hydrogels is not well understood thus limiting further tailoring of their material properties.

Development of Bitter-Taste Masked Instant Jelly Formulations of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride with Easy-to-Consume Granules.

This study developed easy-to-consume bitter taste-masking granules for the preparation of instant jelly formulations. Composite granules containing diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) and polymers were prepared via spray drying. The taste-masking effect on DPH was evaluated with acceptable linearity between DPH concentration and intensity of bitterness using an electronic tongue sensor.

Structural changes in pH-responsive gelatin/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate blends aimed at drug-release systems.

The present study aimed to investigate the thermal- and pH-dependent gelation behavior of gelatin/HPMCP blends using ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry, viscoelasticity, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). We found that the release of lisinopril from gelatin/HPMCP gels can be inhibited at low pH. UV spectrophotometric analysis showed that pH had a significant effect on the transparency of aqueous HPMCP systems and gelatin/HPMCP gels.

Formulation and evaluation of bitter taste-masked orally disintegrating tablets of high memantine hydrochloride loaded granules coated with polymer via layering technique.

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) improve patient adherence as they can easily disintegrate in the presence of small amount of saliva. However, the bitter taste of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in ODTs reduces patient compliance. The present study aimed to formulate bitter taste-masked ODTs containing high-dose of memantine hydrochloride (MTN) to achieve a balance between bitterness suppression and dissolution rate or disintegration time and mechanical strength.

Design of a pH-responsive oral gel formulation based on the matrix systems of gelatin/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate for controlled drug release.

Extensive efforts have been directed toward developing novel easily digested formulations with desirable controlled-release properties. The present study sought to develop pH-responsive oral gel formulations using combinations of gelatin and enteric polymers for controlled drug release under stimulated gastric conditions using acetaminophen and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran as model compounds. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) was identified as the optimal excipient for the pH-responsive drug release system because the release rates of acetaminophen in gelatin/HPMCP gels at pH 1.

Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin.

Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone.

Comparison of the efficacy of three topical antiseptic solutions for the prevention of catheter colonization: a multicenter randomized controlled study.

Background: To compare the efficacy of three antiseptic solutions [0.5%, and 1.0% alcohol/chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine (PVI)] for the prevention of intravascular catheter colonization, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in patients from 16 intensive care units in Japan.

Cloning and expression of the epithelial sodium channel and its role in osmoregulation of aquatic and estivating African lungfish Protopterus annectens.

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a sodium (Na(+))-selective aldosterone-stimulated ion channel involved in Na(+) transport homeostasis of tetrapods. We examined full-length cDNA sequences and tissue distributions of ENaCα, ENaCβ, and ENaCγ subunits in the African lungfish Protopterus annectens. Protopterus ENaC (pENaC) comprises 3 subunits: pENaCα, pENaCβ, and pENaCγ.

Association of body temperature and antipyretic treatments with mortality of critically ill patients with and without sepsis: multi-centered prospective observational study.

Introduction: Fever is frequently observed in critically ill patients. An independent association of fever with increased mortality has been observed in non-neurological critically ill patients with mixed febrile etiology. The association of fever and antipyretics with mortality, however, may be different between infective and non-infective illness.