Publications by authors named "Satoshi Matsuyama"

We propose a multi-frame blind deconvolution method using an in-plane rotating sample optimized for X-ray microscopy, where the application of existing deconvolution methods is technically difficult. Untrained neural networks are employed as the reconstruction algorithm to enable robust reconstruction against stage motion errors caused by the in-plane rotation of samples. From demonstration experiments using full-field X-ray microscopy with advanced Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror optics at SPring-8, a spatial resolution of 34 nm (half period) was successfully achieved by removing the wavefront aberration and improving the apparent numerical aperture.

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Purpose: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is among the most prevalent and highly disabling mental health conditions that negatively impacts patient's quality of life (QOL) and disrupts activities of daily living. However, the recognition of GAD is difficult due to substantial overlap with other mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GAD, assess QOL of probable GAD patients in Japan, and gain insights on the status of visiting medical institutions as well as their recognition/awareness of the disorder.

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  • Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has a lifetime prevalence of 2.6% in Japan, but it is often under-managed, prompting a study to evaluate the current state of GAD treatment among Japanese psychiatrists.* -
  • Conducted via an anonymous web-based survey with 509 psychiatric specialists, the study found that while nearly all participants were aware of GAD, many did not utilize standardized diagnostic tools, and most relied on antidepressants for treatment, often treating GAD similarly to depression.* -
  • The study concludes that despite high awareness among doctors, the lack of specific Japanese guidelines for diagnosing and treating GAD leads to varied practices, resulting in GAD being less frequently diagnosed accurately.*
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  • HIV-associated lipodystrophy, linked to anti-retroviral therapy (ART), can lead to cardiovascular diseases and negatively impact the quality of life for HIV-infected individuals.
  • The study introduces a Pharmacological Lipid Index (PLI) to assess the risk of hyperlipidemia linked to various ART drugs, using lipid droplet staining and drug concentration signals.
  • Results show that early proteinase inhibitors and the drug d4T have low PLI/EC values, indicating a high risk of hyperlipidemia, while drugs with higher PLI/EC scores show fewer such issues, suggesting PLI/EC is a valuable risk estimation tool.
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X-ray diffraction of silicon irradiated with tightly focused femtosecond x-ray pulses (photon energy, 11.5 keV; pulse duration, 6 fs) was measured at various x-ray intensities up to 4.6×10^{19}  W/cm^{2}.

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We demonstrate a propagation-based phase-contrast imaging method for full-field X-ray microscopy based on advanced Kirkpatrick-Baez (AKB) mirrors to achieve high-contrast observations of weak phase objects and correct field curvature aberrations. Through a demonstration performed at SPring-8, the phase contrast of weak phase objects such as polystyrene spheres and chemically fixed cells was successfully observed with high sensitivity (∼0.03 rad).

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Metal homeostasis is tightly regulated in cells and organisms, and its disturbance is frequently observed in some diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Previous studies suggest that zinc and iron are necessary for the normal functions of pancreatic β cells. However, the distribution of elements in normal conditions and the pathophysiological significance of dysregulated elements in the islet in diabetic conditions have remained unclear.

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A field-curvature-corrected imaging optical system for x-ray microscopy using only grazing-incidence mirrors is proposed. It combines a Wolter type I (WO1) mirror pair, which forms a real image, with field curvature correction (FCC) optics-a convex hyperbolic mirror pair-that form a virtual image; compensation of the field curvatures realizes a wide field-of-view (FOV) and high magnification. Ray-tracing and wave-optics simulations verified the efficacy of the design, for which a FOV width was 111 µm-4.

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Objective: To assess the potential benefit of a behavioural change programme in working individuals with chronic pain or headache, in the form of increased physician consultation.

Design: Retrospective observational database study.

Setting: Members of employment-based healthcare insurance in Japan.

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Background: Reducing the considerable non-communicable disease (NCD) burden in the aging Japanese population depends on better understanding of the comorbid and temporal relationships between different NCDs.

Objective: We aimed to identify associations between NCDs and temporal patterns of NCDs in Japan using data from a large medical claims database.

Methods: The study used three-digit International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for NCDs for employees and their dependents included in the MinaCare database, which covers the period since 2010.

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Microscopy by Achromatic X-rays With Emission of Laminar Light (MAXWELL) is a new X-ray/visible technique with attractive characteristics including isotropic resolution in all directions, large-volume imaging and high throughput. An ultrathin, laminar X-ray beam produced by a Wolter type I mirror irradiates the sample stimulating the emission of visible light by scintillating nanoparticles, captured by an optical system. Three-dimensional (3D) images are obtained by scanning the specimen with respect to the laminar beam.

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A deterministic processing method is a high-precision finishing method, where the to-be-removed amount of material at each point of the work surface is calculated based on an accurately measured present surface shape and is removed precisely using a numerically controlled (NC) processing system. Although this method has achieved nanometer-scale accuracy, the method requires considerable time to scan the work surface, leading to low productivity. Therefore, using an individual on-off controllable array-type plasma generator covering the entire work surface, enabling simultaneous NC plasma processing is proposed herein.

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A hybrid deformable x-ray mirror consisting of a mechanical bender and a bimorph deformable mirror has been developed to realize adaptive optical systems, such as zoom condenser optics, for synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray microscopy. In the developed system, both bending mechanisms comprehensively contribute to the formation of the target mirror shape and can narrow the role of piezoelectric actuators, thereby enabling a more stable operation. In this study, the behavior of the bimorph mirror under the clamped condition was investigated, and the sharing of the deformation amount for each bending mechanism was optimized to minimize the amplitude of the voltage distribution of the bimorph mirror.

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  • Mercury toxicity can be reduced by selenium compounds, and this study investigates how sodium selenite (NaSeO) interacts with inorganic mercury in human liver cells (HepG2).
  • The study found that sodium selenite leads to the formation of mercury selenide (HgSe) nanoparticles that accumulate in lysosomal-like structures within the cells.
  • Additionally, these biogenic HgSe nanoparticles formed intracellularly from the reaction of mercury and selenium and were retained in the cells, helping to mitigate mercury's harmful effects before the nanoparticles were fully formed.
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  • *Challenges in deflecting X-ray beams have limited the development of scanning X-ray microscopes (SXMs), complicating efforts to achieve high resolution.
  • *An innovative method using a nanoprobe scanner with X-ray prisms and Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors allows for precise X-ray probe scanning with single-nanometre accuracy, successfully resolving structures down to 50 nm.
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Properties of macrophages and lymphocytes appearing in renal fibrosis remains to be investigated. F344 rats were injected once a week with cisplatin (2 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks and examined at post-final injection weeks 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Rats developed progressive renal fibrosis at weeks 1 to 6 as fibrosis-progress phase, and subsequent amelioration at weeks 9 and 12.

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Monoamine transporter occupancy of antidepressants in the brain can be measured by positron emission tomography. For antidepressive effects to appear, serotonin transporter (SERT) occupancy should rise to 80% or higher. Despite a recent increase in the number of reports on norepinephrine transporter (NET) occupancy, estimating the threshold level of NET occupancy required for antidepressive effects is difficult based on the analysis of NET alone.

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We propose an extended X-ray adaptive zoom condenser that can form an intermediate virtual focus. The system comprises two deformable mirrors for focusing within a single dimension and can vary its numerical aperture (NA) without changing the positions of the light source, mirrors, or final focus. The desired system NA is achieved simply by controlling the mirror surfaces, which enables conversion between convex and concave forms, by varying the position of the intermediate virtual focus.

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  • - The study focuses on enhancing the focusing capabilities of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL) to achieve ultrahigh-intensity X-ray pulses, particularly aiming for sub-10 nm focusing, which has been challenging due to stability issues in the light source.
  • - Researchers used a combination of reflective Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors and speckle interferometry to analyze and optimize the alignment of the XFEL beam, allowing for precise control of the focused beam profile.
  • - As a result of this optimization, they successfully generated a focused X-ray beam with a diameter of 5.8 nm and demonstrated that this method could potentially achieve a remarkable intensity of 10 W/cm² with XFEL sources.
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  • X-ray single-grating interferometry was used to improve the accuracy of wavefronts for hard X-ray nanofocusing mirrors, addressing systematic errors from various components.
  • The researchers corrected the mirror shapes directly through a differential deposition technique based on the measured wavefront errors.
  • The improved mirrors achieved a numerical aperture of 0.01 and displayed two-dimensional diffraction-limited performance, with wavefront measurement uncertainty below /72 in root-mean-square value.
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A high-resolution micro channel-cut crystal monochromator (µCCM) composed of an Si(220) crystal is developed for the purpose of narrowing the bandwidth of a reflection self-seeded X-ray free-electron laser. Subsurface damage on the monochromator, which distorts the wavefront and broadens the bandwidth of the monochromatic seed beam, was removed by using a plasma etching technique. High diffraction performance of the monochromator was confirmed through evaluation with coherent X-rays.

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  • - This paper presents a straightforward technique utilizing X-ray fluorescence intensity correlation to assess the size of XFEL focused beams.
  • - The method was tested on a sub-micrometer focused XFEL beam at SPring-8, yielding results consistent with traditional measurement techniques, specifically the knife-edge scan.
  • - The proposed technique is effective for measuring very small X-ray spots, making it suitable for precise diagnostics of focused X-ray beams under 10 nm, which are becoming more common.
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Upon progressive refinement of energy resolution, the conventional resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) instrumentation reaches the limit where the bandwidth of incident photons becomes insufficient to deliver an acceptable photon-count rate. Here it is shown that RIXS spectra as a function of energy loss are essentially invariant to their integration over incident energies within the core-hole lifetime. This fact permits RIXS instrumentation based on the hv-concept to utilize incident synchrotron radiation over the whole core-hole lifetime window without any compromise on the much finer energy-loss resolution, thereby breaking the photon-count limit.

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  • Canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) has a higher rate of metastasis compared to non-tonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma (NTSCC), but the mechanisms behind this have been less researched due to a lack of cell lines.
  • In this study, researchers established six TSCC cell lines from a metastatic lymph node and two NTSCC cell lines from primary lesions, analyzing their characteristics both in the lab and in living organisms.
  • Results revealed that higher levels of the protein Vimentin in TSCC correlates with more aggressive cancer traits, while differences in certain cellular markers were not linked to tumor growth in animal models, suggesting a complex relationship in cancer behavior that needs further study.
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