Influence of brain atrophy using semiquantitative analysis in [I]FP-CIT single-photon emission computed tomography by a Monte Carlo simulation study.

The specific binding ratio (SBR) is an objective indicator of N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-[123I] iodophenyl) nortropane ([I]FP-CIT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) that could be used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. One of the issues of the SBR analysis is that the setting position of the volume of interest (VOI) may contain cerebral ventricles and cerebral grooves. These areas may become prominent during the brain atrophy analysis; however, this phenomenon has not been evaluated enough.

Acanthamoeba castellanii supports extracellular survival of Helicobacter pylori in co-culture.

This study aimed to demonstrate whether Helicobacter pylori is able to survive in co-culture with a protozoan, Acanthamoeba castellanii, in order to further investigate a possible aqueous environmental mode of transmission. Numbers of H. pylori in co-culture with A castellanii were assessed by colony forming unit (CFU) assay and cell morphology was observed by electron microscopy.

Hyperthermia due to heat retention in chronic spinal cord injury: A case report.

An 80-year-old male with past history of cervical spinal cord injury visited our hospital owing to perforation in the digestive tract. Upon admission to the general ward, he presented with a sustained fever that was unresponsive to acetaminophen and antibiotics. Based on the dry skin and underlying disease, he was diagnosed with hyperthermia due to heat retention.

Enhanced infectivity of strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated from children compared with parental strains.

Purpose: Intra-familial infection, mother-to-child infection, is considered to be one of the main routes of transmission for Helicobacter pylori, in developed countries such as Japan. A major role for intra-familial spread in the pathogenicity of H. pylori is now beyond controversy, although the major route of transmission remains poorly understood.

Establishment of an Endogenous Rat Infection Model and Evaluation of the Effects of MIYAIRI 588 Probiotic Strain.

is well known as an agent responsible for pseudomembranous colitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The hamster model utilizing an oral route for infection of has been considered to be the standard model for analysis of infection (CDI) but this model exhibits differences to human CDI, most notably as most hamsters die without exhibiting diarrhea. Therefore, we attempted to develop a new non-lethal and diarrheal rat CDI model caused by endogenous using metronidazole (MNZ) and egg white.

Tetanus without apparent history of trauma.

A-68-year-old male was admitted due to tetanus without apparent history of trauma. Trismus was observed on admission and was improved after treatment.

Influence of Intestinal Indigenous Microbiota on Intrafamilial Infection by in Japan.

is a causative pathogen of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Humans are known to be a natural host for and tend to acquire the pathogen before the age of 5 years. The infection may then persist lifelong if eradication therapy is not applied.

Diversification of the AlpB Outer Membrane Protein of Helicobacter pylori Affects Biofilm Formation and Cellular Adhesion.

is one of the most common causes of bacterial infection in humans, and it forms biofilms on human gastric mucosal epithelium as well as on abiotic surfaces. Bacterial biofilm is critical not only for environmental survival but also for successful infection. We previously demonstrated that strain TK1402, which was isolated from a Japanese patient with duodenal and gastric ulcers, has high biofilm-forming ability relative to other strains.

[A case of AKI-caused minimal change nephrotic syndrome with concomitant pleuritis].

A twenty-year-old man complaining of chest pain was diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome complicated with pleural effusion and ascites. Despite treatment with antibiotics, his fever and high inflammatory reaction persisted. After hospitalization, his urine volume decreased and renal function had deteriorated.

Rebamipide protects small intestinal mucosal injuries caused by indomethacin by modulating intestinal microbiota and the gene expression in intestinal mucosa in a rat model.

The effect of rebamipide, a mucosal protective drug, on small intestinal mucosal injury caused by indomethacin was examined using a rat model. Indomethacin administration (10 mg/kg, p.o.

Role of IL-17A and IL-10 in the antigen induced inflammation model by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the causative organisms of community-acquired pneumonia which is found commonly in younger patients. Extrapulmonary complications similar to autoimmune disease are caused by M. pneumoniae following the initial infection.

Analysis of the microbial ecology between Helicobacter pylori and the gastric microbiota of Mongolian gerbils.

Animal models are essential for in vivo analysis of Helicobacter-related diseases. Mongolian gerbils are used frequently to study Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and its consequences. The presence of some gastric microbiota with a suppressive effect on H.

Impact of Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation on clarithromycin susceptibility and generation of resistance mutations.

The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori forms biofilms in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of H. pylori biofilm formation in vitro on clarithromycin (CLR) susceptibility.

Comparative analysis of gastric bacterial microbiota in Mongolian gerbils after long-term infection with Helicobacter pylori.

Quantitative (qt) real time PCR using 16SrDNA primers is useful for determination of the bacterial composition of the gastric microbiota in Mongolian gerbils. The aim of this study was to determine the change in the gastric microbiota after long-term infection with Helicobacter pylori. One year after inoculation with H.

Molecular and microbiological characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from single, relapse, and reinfection cases.

In this study, we investigated the correlation between the microbiological characteristics of Clostridium difficile clinical isolates and the recurrence of C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD). Twenty C.

Destructive effects of butyrate on the cell envelope of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori can be found in the oral cavity and is mostly detected by the use of PCR techniques. Growth of H. pylori is influenced by various factors in the mouth, such as the oral microflora, saliva and other antimicrobial substances, all of which make colonization of the oral cavity by H.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae induces interleukin-8 production via the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway.

In mycoplasmal pneumonia, the bronchi are histopathologically filled with polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The EGFR pathway is involved in IL-8 production. We investigated the contribution of the EGFR pathway to IL-8 production by bronchial epithelial cells (A549) stimulated with Mp-Ag.

Inhibition of the cytotoxic effect of Clostridium difficile in vitro by Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 strain.

In contrast to most modern pharmaceuticals, probiotics are used in many parts of the world with little or no research data on the complex system of interactions that each strain may elicit in the human body. Research on probiotics has recently become more significant, as probiotics have begun to be prescribed by clinicians as an alternative for some gut infections, especially when antibiotics are contraindicated. This study attempted to elucidate the inhibitory interaction between the Japanese probiotic strain Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM588) and the hospital pathogen Clostridium difficile, which is responsible for a large proportion of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and colitis.

Analysis of outer membrane vesicle protein involved in biofilm formation of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of bacterial infection in humans. Infection with H. pylori is closely associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers and is a risk factor for gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

In vitro and in vivo effects of the Mongolian drug Amu-ru 7 on Helicobacter pylori growth and viability.

Amu-ru 7, a Mongolian folk medicine, is used to treat digestive diseases such as gastritis and gastric and duodenal ulcers. We examined the effect of Amu-ru 7 on the growth and viability of Helicobacter pylori in vivo and in vitro. By the agar dilution method, the MIC of Amu-ru 7 for H.

Assessment of in vitro biofilm formation by Helicobacter pylori.

Background And Aims: Biofilms are surface-bound communities of bacterial cells that are implicated in their survival. As with various bacteria studied to date, Helicobacter pylori can have an alternate lifestyle as a biofilm. We previously reported that strain TK1402 showed a strong biofilm-forming ability in vitro.

Analysis of the microflora in the stomach of Mongolian gerbils infected with Helicobacter pylori.

Background And Aims: Mongolian gerbils are frequently used to study Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and its consequences. The presence of some gastric flora with a suppressive effect on H. pylori suggests inhibitory microflora against H.