Hemoglobinopathy as a Rare Differential Disease for Low Oxygen Saturation by Pulse Oximetry: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Pulse oximetry is used to screen for respiratory failure in dyspnea patients. However, pulse oximetry can yield false-positive results in certain situations. Unstable hemoglobinopathy is a disease in which mutations in the globin-encoding gene result in abnormal globin chain production, causing low percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO) levels due to changes in hemoglobin absorbance and oxygen affinity.