NO decomposition properties of Ru catalysts supported on various oxide materials and SnO.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is a stratospheric ozone depleting greenhouse gas that has global warming potential. As the catalytic decomposition of NO is one of the most promising techniques for NO emissions abatement, in this study, for this purpose the properties of Ru supported on various oxide materials were investigated under excess O conditions, and the identities of the NO adsorption species on the catalysts were confirmed. To clarify the correlation between the catalytic properties and NO decomposition activity, the supported Ru catalysts were characterised by means of powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence measurements, energy-dispersive X-ray mapping and several gas sorption techniques.

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide splitting on metal-free powders assisted by phosphoric acid as a stabilizer.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) has received increasing attention as an energy carrier. To achieve a sustainable energy society, photocatalytic HO splitting (HO (l) → H (g)O (g); ΔG° = + 131 kJ mol) is a desirable reaction for on-site H generation. However, this reaction has not been reported because conventional photocatalysis decomposes HO by disproportionation (HO (l) → HO (l) + 1/2O (g); ΔG° = -117 kJ mol) and by promoting HO reduction instead of H reduction.

Skewed electronic band structure induced by electric polarization in ferroelectric BaTiO.

Skewed band structures have been empirically described in ferroelectric materials to explain the functioning of recently developed ferroelectric tunneling junction (FTJs). Nonvolatile ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) and the artificial neural network device based on the FTJ system are rapidly developing. However, because the actual ferroelectric band structure has not been elucidated, precise designing of devices has to be advanced through appropriate heuristics.

Supported binary CuO -Pt catalysts with high activity and thermal stability for the combustion of NH as a carbon-free energy source.

Recently, NH has been thought to be a renewable and carbon-free energy source. The use of NH fuel, however, is hindered by its high ignition temperature and NO/NO production. To overcome these issues, in this study, the combustion of NH over copper oxide (CuO ) and platinum (Pt) catalysts supported on aluminium silicates (3AlO·2SiO), aluminium oxides (AlO), and silicon oxides (SiO) were compared.

Dynamic Behavior of Rh Species in Rh/AlO Model Catalyst during Three-Way Catalytic Reaction: An Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study.

The dynamic behavior of Rh species in 1 wt% Rh/AlO catalyst during the three-way catalytic reaction was examined using a micro gas chromatograph, a NO meter, a quadrupole mass spectrometer, and time-resolved quick X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements at a public beamline for XAS, BL01B1 at SPring-8, operando. The combined data suggest different surface rearrangement behavior, random reduction processes, and autocatalytic oxidation processes of Rh species when the gas is switched from a reductive to an oxidative atmosphere and vice versa. This study demonstrates an implementation of a powerful operando XAS system for heterogeneous catalytic reactions and its importance for understanding the dynamic behavior of active metal species of catalysts.

Catalytic SO Decomposition Activity and Stability of Pt Supported on Anatase TiO for Solar Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycles.

Pt-loaded anatase TiO (Pt/TiO-A) was found to be a highly active and stable catalyst for SO decomposition at moderate temperatures (∼600 °C), which will prove to be the key for solar thermochemical water-splitting processes used to produce H. The catalytic activity of Pt/TiO-A was found to be markedly superior to that of a Pt catalyst supported on rutile TiO (Pt/TiO-R), which has been extensively studied at a higher reaction temperature range (≥800 °C); this superior activity was found despite the two being tested with similar surface areas and metal dispersions after the catalytic reactions. The higher activity of Pt on anatase is in accordance with the abundance of metallic Pt (Pt) found for this catalyst, which favors the dissociative adsorption of SO and the fast removal of the products (SO and O) from the surface.

Low-Temperature Oxygen Storage of Cr-Cr Mixed-Valence YCrPO Driven by Local Condensation around Oxygen-Deficient Orthochromite.

The oxygen storage capability and related defect structure of tetrahedral orthochromite(V) compound YCrPO (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.

A nanometric Rh overlayer on a metal foil surface as a highly efficient three-way catalyst.

Pulsed arc-plasma (AP) deposition of an Rh overlayer on an Fe-Cr-Al stainless steel foil produced a composite material that exhibited high activity for automotive three-way catalysis (TWC). The AP pulses deposited metallic Rh nanoparticles 1-3 nm in size, whose density on the surface increased with the number of pulses. This led to coalescence and grain growth on the foil surface and the eventual formation of a uniform two-dimensional Rh overlayer.