Clinical analysis of false-negative fine needle aspiration cytology of head and neck cancers.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is frequently used for initial and/or preoperative diagnosis of tumors in the head and neck region. However, false-negative results can lead to misdiagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic results of FNA in the head and neck region and the reasons for false-negative cases.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as Concurrent Treatment with Systemic Steroids for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Comparison of Three Different Steroid Treatments.

We analyzed 356 patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and systemic steroids (n = 161), systemic steroids alone (n = 160), or intratympanic and systemic steroids (n = 35). The main outcome measure was the hearing recovery rate. The effect of other variables, including the initial averaged 5-frequency hearing level, patient age, interval between the onset of symptoms and treatment, presence of vertigo as a complication, presence of diabetes mellitus, smoking history, and presence of hypertension, on the hearing recovery rate was also evaluated.

Trough-Shaped Audiograms Are Common in Patients with Acoustic Neuroma and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Acoustic neuroma sometimes presents with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss as a primary symptom. We investigated 848 untreated cases that included 20 cases with acoustic neuroma with sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss and 828 cases without acoustic neuroma. Fourteen of the 20 acoustic neuroma and 90 of the 828 cases of sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss showed a trough-shaped audiogram with the greatest amount of hearing loss in the mid-frequency range.

The Efficacy of Touch Smear Cytology in the Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Cancers.

Purpose: Methods for cytologic diagnosis, such as fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and touch smear (TS) cytology, have been frequently used for malignant tumor screening; however, false-negative cases often result in misdiagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of false-negative cases and methods to decrease the false-negative rate in salivary gland tumor TS cytology.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the authors examined pathologically confirmed salivary gland tumors in 127 cases in which FNA and TS cytology were performed before the operation or open biopsy at Numazu City Hospital (Numazu, Japan) from 2002 to 2016.

Photodynamic therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment for malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of PDT in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: Thirty-three patients with HNSCC were treated with porfimer sodium-mediated PDT followed by intraoperative light activation at 630 nm via fiber optic microlens delivered after 48 hours of injection.

The impact of iatrogenic glottic atresia due to photodynamic therapy for laryngeal cancer: A report of two cases.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapy used in the treatment of premalignant and malignant diseases, including head and neck carcinomas. It can be applied before or after chemotherapy, irradiation, or surgery. Unlike irradiation and surgery, it can be repeated many times at the same site, and it is also associated with better cosmetic and functional outcomes [1].

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as Adjuvant Treatment for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Failure of Systemic Steroids.

We evaluated the outcomes of and prognostic factors for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) treated with adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). A retrospective review of clinical data was performed for 167 patients with ISSNHL who failed to respond to systemic steroids and were treated by adjuvant HBOT at Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital. We analysed the clinical outcomes, the averaged 5-frequency hearing level after systemic steroids, patient age, the interval between post-steroids and pre-HBOT, vertigo as a complication, the presence of diabetes mellitus, smoking history, and hypertension.

Galanin has tumor suppressor activity and is frequently inactivated by aberrant promoter methylation in head and neck cancer.

Purpose: There is accumulating evidence that galanin receptors (GALRs) may be tumor suppressors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Promoter methylation status and gene expression were assessed in a large panel of primary tumors, based on the hypothesis that CpG hypermethylation might silence the galanin gene.

Experimental Design: Galanin expression was examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Epigenetic inactivation of galanin receptor 1 in head and neck cancer.

Purpose: One copy of the galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) locus on 18q is often deleted and expression is absent in some head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. To determine if loss of heterozygosity and hypermethylation might silence the GALR1 gene, promoter methylation status and gene expression were assessed in a large panel of HNSCC cell lines and tumors.

Experimental Design: Promoter methylation of GALR1 in 72 cell lines and 100 primary tumor samples was analyzed using methylation-specific PCR.

Undifferentiated sarcoma of the maxillary sinus: report of a rare case in an adult.

A 51-year-old man complained of left facial swelling and recurrent nasal bleeding. A giant solid tumor in the left maxillary sinus was detected on head CT and MRI, and this tumor was destroying the maxilla and extending into the orbit, pterygoid muscle and posterior paranasal sinuses. The resected specimen consisted of spindle cells containing necrotic material.

Tick bites in the external auditory canal.

We report a case of Ixodes ovatus tick in the external auditory canal. Chief complaints of earfullness and pruritus appeared after the contact with dog. Using a removal method consisting of excising the abdomen of the tick and suctioning its body fluids, followed by removal of the tick body 3 days later, the patient was successfully treated without the development of complications.

Urinary marker for oxidative stress in kidneys in cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.

Background: Establishment of non-invasive urinary biomarkers for the prediction of acute renal failure (ARF) is important. We evaluated whether urinary oxidative stress markers reflect intrarenal oxidative stress in cisplatin (CDDP)-induced ARF, and whether these markers can be used for the prediction of future ARF.

Methods: Urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured up to day 14 post-CDDP (6 mg/kg) injection in rats.

[Comparison of audiological performance bewteen bone-anchored and conventional hearing aids].

The bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) is an implantable bone-conduction device that vibrates the skull directly via a surgically implanted titanium screw behind the ear. The BAHA has advantages for patients with aural atresia or chronic ear drainage, who cannot wear air-conduction hearing aids. We compared the function of BAHA to conventional bone and air-conduction hearing aids based on functional gain and speech discrimination tests in quiet and noisy environments in 2 patients with chronic ear problems.

A case of relapsing polychondritis preceded by inner ear involvement.

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare disease of unknown etiology causing systematic inflammation of the whole cartilaginous tissues. We report a patient with relapsing polychondritis preceded by inner ear involvement. A 68-year-old female visited our hospital for a chief complaint of sudden bilateral hearing loss.

Loss of chromosome arm 18q with tumor progression in head and neck squamous cancer.

Loss of 18q was analyzed in 21 sets of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines derived from primary and secondary tumors in the same patients. Only 3 of the 21 cell line pairs had no loss of 18q. In the remaining 18 sets, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) affecting 18q was found in either the primary or the secondary lines or both.

Prognostic value of glucose transporter 1 expression in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: The increase of glucose transport is a distinguishing marker of tumor cells. We hypothesized that a hypopharyngeal carcinoma, characterized by high frequency of lymph node spread or distant metastasis, was associated with glucose transporter 1 (Glut 1) overexpression.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the incidence of Glut1 expression by immunostaining in 99 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma, and revealed the correlation with the clinical characteristics.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression correlates with p53 and ki-67 expressions in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in angiogenesis, which is associated with tumor progression or metastasis.

Patients And Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in 109 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify the multivariate predictive value of the prognostic factors.