Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics.

Migratory cyclones and anticyclones account for most of the day-to-day weather variability in the extratropics. These transient eddies act to maintain the midlatitude jet streams by systematically transporting westerly momentum and heat. Yet, little is known about the separate contributions of cyclones and anticyclones to their interaction with the westerlies.

Cerebral hemodynamics during the induction of antenatal periventricular leukomalacia by hemorrhagic hypotension in chronically instrumented fetal sheep.

Objective: Our purpose was to determine the characteristics of cerebral ischemia during the induction of antenatal periventricular leukomalacia by hemorrhagic hypotension in premature fetal sheep.

Study Design: The hemorrhage group received an acute withdrawal of 40% of the fetoplacental blood volume (n = 7), whereas an isovolemic exchange transfusion was performed in the control group (n = 7). Changes in the total hemoglobin, oxy-hemoglobin, and deoxy-hemoglobin levels in the cerebral tissue were assessed with the use of near-infrared spectroscopy and compared statistically.

Two sibling cases of hydrops fetalis due to alloimmune anti-CD36 (Nak a) antibody.

Two female sibling cases, who were born to a CD36 deficient mother, were presented with Coombs' test-negative hydrops. The alloimmune anti-CD36 (Nak(a)) antibody was accidentally found in the mother's serum after an episode of anaphylactic shock with thrombocytopenia, which occurred in an individual receiving fresh frozen plasma prepared from the mother's donated blood. The mother was then diagnosed as having type II CD36 deficiency, lacking CD36 on both platelets and monocytes, while both of her daughters were CD36 positive.

A rat model for arrest of alveolarization induced by antenatal endotoxin administration.

A possible association between intrauterine inflammation and impairments of lung development has been suggested. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of a potent proinflammatory agent, intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), on lung development. At 21 d gestation, an intra-amniotic injection of 1 microg LPS was administered to two subgroups of WKAH rats.

Successful treatment of congenital pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with intravenous immunoglobulin G administration.

The authors report a female patient with congenital pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). She had two brothers who died from the same disease. BAL did not improve her progressive respiratory failure.

Synthesis of optically active organoantimony compounds having an (S)-alpha-methylbenzyldimethylamine group and its evaluation for asymmetric reaction.

Novel, enantiomerically pure organoantimony compounds having a C-chiral amine moiety, (S)-(alpha-methyl-2-di-p-tolylstibanobenzyl)dimethylamine [AMSb] (2) and its (eta(6)-arene)chromium complex [AMSb-Cr(CO)(3)] (4), were prepared from common (S)-(alpha-methylbenzyl)dimethylamine (1) via its ortho-lithiated intermediates in short steps. The catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of the ligands 2 and 4 for asymmetric reaction are evaluated, and the optically active (eta(6)-arene)chromium complex 4 has been shown to be an effective ligand for rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones.

Analyses of factors contributing to vulnerability to antenatal periventricular leukomalacia induced by hemorrhagic hypotension in chronically instrumented fetal sheep.

Our purpose was to determine factors contributing to vulnerability to antenatal periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) induced by hemorrhagic hypotension in premature fetal sheep. Systemic hypotension was induced in 10 fetal sheep by acutely withdrawing 35% to 40% of the fetoplacental blood volume at 113 d gestation. Brains were processed for histologic analysis 6 d after the insult.