Solitary Peutz-Jeghers polyp harboring a focus of high-grade dysplasia in the colon: a case report and literature review.

A solitary Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) polyp is a rare hamartomatous lesion without an associated PJ syndrome. However, little is known regarding malignancy arising in solitary PJ polyps. Here, we report a case of a solitary colonic PJ polyp with focal dysplasia.

Landscape of homologous recombination deficiency in gastric cancer and clinical implications for first-line chemotherapy.

Background: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is one of the crucial hallmarks of cancer. It is associated with a favorable response to platinum-based chemotherapy. We explored the distinctive clinicopathological features of gastric cancer (GC) with HRD and the clinical significance of HRD in platinum-based first-line chemotherapy for unresectable metastatic GC.

Colorectal Post-polypectomy Bleeding in Outpatient versus Inpatient Treatment: Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Objectives: Delayed bleeding is the most frequent adverse event associated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) of colorectal polyps. However, whether the incidence of delayed bleeding differs between outpatient and inpatient treatment is unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate delayed bleeding rates between outpatient and inpatient endoscopic treatments and clarify the safety of outpatient treatment.

Clinical application of targeted tumour sequencing tests for detecting ERBB2 amplification and optimizing anti-HER2 therapy in gastric cancer.

Background: Evaluation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression caused by erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) amplification (AMP) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is essential for treating unresectable metastatic gastric cancer (GC). A targeted tumour sequencing test enables comprehensive assessment of alterations in cancer-related genes, including ERBB2. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance between the targeted tumour sequencing test and IHC/FISH for detecting HER2-positive GC and to clarify the significance of ERBB2 AMP and concomitant genetic alterations in HER2 downstream pathways (DPs) in anti-HER2 therapy for unresectable metastatic GC patients.

Prognostic Role of Preoperative Chemotherapy in Liver-Limited Metastasis from Gastric Cancer.

Background: We investigated the prognostic role of preoperative chemotherapy in patients who underwent hepatectomy for liver-limited metastasis (LLM) from gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for 52 consecutive patients who underwent macroscopically complete (R0 or R1) resection for synchronous or metachronous LLM from GC.

Results: Of the 52 patients, 18 (35%) received preoperative chemotherapy (PC group), while 34 (65%) underwent upfront surgery (US group).

Comparing the outcomes of laparoscopic proximal and laparoscopic total gastrectomy: A retrospective analysis of a single center in Japan.

Introduction: Despite the increasing performance of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) for proximal gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction cancer, the benefit of LPG over laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) remains to be established. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare postoperative outcomes between LPG and LTG.

Methods: Data from 141 patients who underwent LPG or LTG for gastric neoplasm with curative intent between 2016 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

Solitary choroidal metastasis of distal cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.

Metastatic choroidal carcinoma is rare and generally has a poor prognosis. The present case report describes a case of choroidal metastasis from distal cholangiocarcinoma, which was successfully managed using stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). A 67-year-old Japanese man underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Predictive significance of surgery-induced lymphopenia on the survival after curative resection for locally advanced gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Following the establishment of the anti-cancer effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors, lymphopenia has attracted attention as a parameter of preexisting cancer-related immune tolerance. Although the pretreatment absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) has been reported as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients, the impact of perioperative changes in the ALC remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between surgery-induced lymphopenia and outcome.

Conversion surgery for stage IV gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Recent improvements in systemic chemotherapy have provided an opportunity for patients with stage IV gastric cancer (GC) to undergo conversion surgery (CS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent CS and to elucidate the prognostic factors for CS in stage IV GC.

Methods: A total of 79 patients who underwent CS with the aim of R0 resection for stage IV GC at six institutions from January 2008 to July 2019 were enrolled.

Simple modifications of conventional esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy adequately reduces the postoperative reflux esophagitis: a retrospective analysis of posterolateral fundoplication.

Purpose: While proximal gastrectomy is being performed increasingly frequently for the treatment of gastric cancer, a standard reconstruction method to obtain optimal postoperative quality of life (QOL) still remains to be established. We modified the original esophagogastrostomy technique by introducing an additional posterolateral fundoplication (PLF) technique to minimize the risk of reflux esophagitis in patients undergoing proximal gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical benefit of PLF.

Intracorporeal hand-sewn anastomosis following pylorus-preserving gastrectomy: surgical technique and short-term surgical outcome.

Background: Although several procedures for mechanical anastomosis have recently been reported, intracorporeal manually hand-sewn anastomosis for totally laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (TLPPG) is considered technically difficult. Here, we report a new technique for laparoscopic reconstruction using hand-sewn sutures.

Methods: Together with a proper lymphadenectomy, the stomach was detached and resected using separate two-layer incisions, similar to the original laparotomy method.

Second primary malignancies in patients with clinical T1bN0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after definitive therapies: supplementary analysis of the JCOG trial: JCOG0502.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still at a high risk of developing second primary malignancies (SPMs) after definitive therapies. We evaluated the development of SPMs and explored its risk factors in patients with clinical T1bN0 ESCC.

Methods: JCOG0502 prospectively compared esophagectomy with definitive chemo-radiotherapy for clinical T1bN0 ESCC.

Prognostic biomarker study in patients with clinical stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: JCOG0502-A1.

We undertook genomic analyses of Japanese patients with stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to investigate the frequency of genomic alterations and the association with survival outcomes. Biomarker analysis was carried out for patients with clinical stage T1bN0M0 ESCC enrolled in JCOG0502 (UMIN000000551). Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed using DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue of ESCC and normal tissue or blood sample.

[Intra-abdominal recurrence with bleeding 7 years after curative resection of primary synovial sarcoma of the spermatic cord with localized dissemination:a case report].

Primary synovial sarcoma of the spermatic cord is quite rare and has not been reported in Japanese literature. We report a case of primary synovial sarcoma of the spermatic cord and localized dissemination of the tumor in a patient who experienced recurrence of intra-abdominal bleeding 7 years after curative resection of the primary lesion. A 70-year-old man was admitted with disturbance on urination and lower abdominal pain.

Long-term survival of patients with T1bN0M0 esophageal cancer after thoracoscopic esophagectomy using data from JCOG0502: a prospective multicenter trial.

Background: Thoracoscopic esophagectomy (TE) is considered the standard surgery for esophageal cancer because of its superiority over open esophagectomy (OE) in terms of short-term outcomes. However, few prospective multicenter studies have evaluated its long-term survival after TE. This study aimed to investigate whether the prognosis for patients with T1bN0M0 esophageal cancer after TE is not inferior to OE using data from the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study (JCOG0502), a prospective multicenter trial comparing esophagectomy with chemoradiotherapy.

Parallel-Group Controlled Trial of Surgery Versus Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Stage I Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Surgery is the standard of care for T1bN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), whereas chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a treatment option. This trial aimed to investigate the noninferiority of CRT relative to surgery for T1bN0M0 ESCC.

Methods: Clinical T1bN0M0 ESCC patients were eligible for enrollment in this prospective nonrandomized controlled study of surgery versus CRT.

Efficacy and safety of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel therapy for advanced gastric cancer patients treated previously with docetaxel-containing chemotherapy.

Background: Ramucirumab (RAM) plus paclitaxel (PTX) therapy has shown promising results as a standard second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer patients. Recently, combined docetaxel (DOC) plus S-1 (DS) therapy could be regarded as the new standard adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with curatively resected stage III gastric cancer. However, the efficacy and safety of RAM plus PTX therapy in patients treated previously with DOC-containing therapy remains unclear.

Clinical Utility of ypTNM Stage Grouping in the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging System for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system provided a specific 'ypTNM' stage grouping for patients with esophageal cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the AJCC 8th edition ypTNM stage grouping for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: We enrolled 152 patients with ESCC who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (CF) therapy between June 2005 and December 2011.

Speeding and Speed Modification of Older Drivers: Does Vehicle Type Make a Difference?

The purpose of this study was to examine whether vehicle type based on size (car vs. other = truck/van/SUV) had an impact on the speeding, acceleration, and braking patterns of older male and female drivers (70 years and older) from a Canadian longitudinal study. The primary hypothesis was that older adults driving larger vehicles (e.