Novel Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor TAS5315 suppresses the progression of inflammation and joint destruction in rodent collagen-induced arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by autoantibody production, synovial inflammation, and joint destruction. Its pathogenesis is due to environmental factors and genetic backgrounds. Bruton's tyrosine kinase is a cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine kinase, expressed in most hematopoietic cell lineages, except T cells and plasma cells, and regulates various immune-related signaling pathways, thereby playing a crucial role in pathogenesis.

Spiral morphology in an intensely star-forming disk galaxy more than 12 billion years ago.

Spiral galaxies have distinct internal structures, including a stellar bulge, a disk, and spiral arms. It is unknown when in cosmic history these structures formed. In this study, we analyzed observations of BRI 1335-0417, an intensely star-forming galaxy in the distant Universe, at a redshift of 4.

KommonBase for precise direct bonding of lingual orthodontic brackets.

On account of the morphological variations of lingual dental surfaces, indirect bonding systems have been used for bonding lingual orthodontic brackets. Improvements in bracket seating and bonding systems have enabled the development of KommonBase, a precise direct bonding system. KommonBase is characterized by a large bonding base, which can achieve a good bracket fit and precise bracket positioning while also enhancing bond strength.

[Usefulness of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for breast conserving radiation therapy: a three-dimensional treatment planning system comparison of irradiation methods].

Until recently, conservative radiation therapy of breast cancer using a wedge-filter combined with rectangular tangential irradiation was widely carried out. This method of irradiation creates uniform dose distribution in the target, minimizing the radiation dose to the lung. However, this method of irradiation results in many cases in which the amount of dose in the irradiated area differs as a result of the shape and size of the breast.

Orbital motion in the radio galaxy 3C 66B: evidence for a supermassive black hole binary.

Supermassive black hole binaries may exist in the centers of active galactic nuclei such as quasars and radio galaxies, and mergers between galaxies may result in the formation of supermassive binaries during the course of galactic evolution. Using the very-long-baseline interferometer, we imaged the radio galaxy 3C 66B at radio frequencies and found that the unresolved radio core of 3C 66B shows well-defined elliptical motions with a period of 1.05 +/- 0.

[Examination of dose verification in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning using averaging dose in chamber volume].

Since the year 2000, our hospital has been equipped with an intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) facility. Before IMRT is administered, the absorbed dose is measured by the ionization chamber to provide verification for the IMRT procedure. In utilizing the current point dose evaluation, large discrepancies have been experienced when the measured dose is compared with the calculated dose.