Active Secretion of Dimerized S100A11 Induced by the Peroxisome in Mesothelioma Cells.

S100A11, a small Ca binding protein, acts extracellularly as a mediator of cancer progression. That raises the question of how a protein that lacks the classical secretory signal is able to be secreted outside cells without being damaged. Some insights into this question have been obtained, and there has been accumulating evidence indicating a pivotal role of a non-classical vesicle-mediated pathway using lysosomes or peroxisomes for the protein secretion.