Oxf Med Case Reports
September 2024
Accidentally extruded root canal filler within the sinuses may induce maxillary sinusitis with fungal mass. The authors describe 2 cases of gutta-percha-induced fungal masses in the left maxillary sinus of 2 women. The lesions were evaluated preoperatively using both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, providing comprehensive insights into the condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis with cervical lymph node tuberculosis is reported. The patient was a 20-year-old female immigrant from Vietnam and cook apprentice. Her chief complaint was left neck swelling with pain for three months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe experienced a case of huge chronic thyroiditis with malignant lymphoma that caused dyspnea with tracheal stenosis, dysphagia with esophagus stenosis and recurrent nerve paralysis. In this case, thyroidectomy was performed and, after the surgery, there was no sign of breathing or swallowing difficulties, and it was confirmed by the postoperative computed tomography that the tracheal stenosis had improved. We considered two possible explanations for the preoperative right recurrent nerve paralysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter, plays a variety of roles in the mammalian body including the cardiovascular system. Given evidence that H2S donors including NaHS inhibit human platelet aggregation, we examined and characterized the effects of NaHS on rabbit platelet aggregation and cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization. Rabbit platelet aggregation was determined in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and washed platelets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of the current study was to investigate circulating adiponectin levels and their associated factors in young lean healthy Japanese women.
Methods: We recruited 82 healthy Japanese women in their twenties and thirties with their body mass index <25 kg/m(2), and performed anthropometric, sphygmomanometric, and laboratory examinations. Laboratory examinations included adiponectin levels, as well as lipid profiles, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, transaminase, and creatinine levels, from which the glomerular filtration rate was estimated (eGFR).
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
November 2011
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), a gasotransmitter, exerts both neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and targets multiple molecules including NMDA receptors, T-type calcium channels and NO synthase (NOS) that might affect neuronal viability. Here, we determined and characterized effects of NaHS, an H(2)S donor, on cell viability in the primary cultures of mouse fetal cortical neurons. NaHS caused neuronal death, as assessed by LDH release and trypan blue staining, but did not significantly reduce the glutamate toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo clarify the presence of cross-talk between H(2)S and NO, we investigated effect of NaHS, an H(2)S donor, on activity of recombinant NO synthase (NOS) isoforms. Activity of all nNOS, iNOS and eNOS was inhibited by NaHS (IC(50): 0.13-0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigated the effects of NaHS, a hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) donor, on the tension of isolated mouse and guinea-pig bronchial rings. NaHS at 0.01 - 10 mM had no effect on the tone of those preparations without precontraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteinase-activated receptor-1 (PAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for thrombin, can be activated not only by PAR1-activating peptides (PAR1APs) based on the N-terminal cryptic tethered ligand sequence but also by an N-palmitoylated (Pal) peptide, Pal-RCLSSSAVANRSKKSRALF-amide (P1pal-19), based on the intracellular loop 3 of PAR1, designated pepducin, in human platelets or PAR1-transfected cells. The present article evaluated the actions of P1pal-19 and also the shorter peptide, Pal-RCLSSSAVANRS-amide (P1pal-12), known as a possible PAR1 antagonist, in multiple cells/tissues that naturally express PAR1. P1pal-19 as well as a PAR1AP, TFLLR-amide, evoked cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization in cultured human lung epithelial cells (A549) and rat gastric mucosal epithelial cells (RGM1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe characterized actions of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) on tension of isolated rat and mouse aortae, and then examined if H(2)S could directly modulate activity of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS). Isometric tension was recorded in rat and mouse aortic rings. Activity of recombinant bovine eNOS was determined as conversion of [(3)H]-arginine into [(3)H]-citrulline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigated proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR(2))-triggered signal transduction pathways causing increased prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) formation in human lung-derived A549 epithelial cells. The PAR(2) agonist, SLIGRL-NH(2) (Ser-Leu-Ile-Gly-Arg-Leu-amide), evoked immediate cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization and delayed (0.5-3 h) PGE(2) formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReceptor-activating peptides for protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 or 2 enhance gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and protect against gastric mucosal injury in rats. We thus examined and characterized the effects of PAR-1 and PAR-2 agonists on the isometric tension in isolated rat gastric artery. The agonists for PAR-2 or PAR-1 produced vasodilation in the endothelium-intact arterial rings, which was abolished by removal of the endothelium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe characterized the tracheal and bronchial relaxation caused by proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) activation in ddY mice and/or in wild-type and PAR-2-knockout mice of C57BL/6 background. Ser-Leu-Ile-Gly-Arg-Leu-amide (SLIGRL-NH(2)) and Thr-Phe-Leu-Leu-Arg-amide, PAR-2- and PAR-1-activating peptides, respectively, caused relaxation in the isolated ddY mouse trachea and main bronchus. The relaxation was abolished by specific inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), and p38 MAP kinase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 and 2 are expressed in various blood vessels including rat aorta, modulating vascular tone. We investigated the roles of PAR-1 and PAR-2 in vasomotor modulation in rat superior mesenteric artery.
Methods And Results: Effects of the PAR-2-activating peptide Ser-Leu-Ile-Gly-Arg-Leu-amide (SLIGRL-amide) and the PAR-1-activating peptide Thr-Phe-Leu-Leu-Arg-amide (TFLLR-amide) on isometric tension were examined in isolated rat superior mesenteric artery or aorta.
To develop potent and metabolically stable agonists for protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), we prepared 2-furoylated (2f) derivatives of native PAR-2-activating peptides, 2f-LIGKV-OH, 2f-LIGRL-OH, 2f-LIGKV-NH(2), and 2f-LIGRL-NH(2), and systematically evaluated their activity in PAR-2-responsive cell lines and tissues. In both HCT-15 cells and NCTC2544 cells overexpressing PAR-2, all furoylated peptides increased cytosolic Ca(2+) levels with a greater potency than the corresponding native peptides, although a similar maximum response was recorded. The absolute potency of each peptide was greater in NCTC2544, possibly due to a higher level of receptor expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: On activation, protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 modulates multiple gastric functions and exerts mucosal protection via activation of sensory neurons. The role of PAR-1, a thrombin receptor, in the stomach remains unknown. We thus examined if the PAR-1 agonist could protect against gastric mucosal injury in rats.
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