Detection and treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an aplastic pediatric post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant patient: a case report.

Background: Cerebral toxoplasmosis infection presents with non-specific neurologic symptoms in immunocompromised patients. With lack of measurable adaptive immune responses and reluctance to sample affected brain tissue, expedient diagnosis to guide directed treatment is often delayed.

Case Presentation: We describe the use of cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction and plasma cell-free DNA technologies to supplement neuroimaging in the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an immunocompromised pediatric patient following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for idiopathic severe aplastic anemia.

Serotypes and Vaccine Coverage of Colonization in the Nasopharynx of Thai Children in Congested Areas in Chiang Mai.

causes around 10% of all deaths in children younger than five years of age. This study aimed to examine the serogroups/serotypes of colonization and vaccine serotype coverage of this organism among Thai children. Nasopharyngeal swabs of children less than or equal to 15 years of age were obtained in congested areas in Chiang Mai from 1 February 2013 to 1 August 2013.

Correlation of the vancomycin 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and trough serum concentration in children with severe infection: A clinical pharmacokinetic study.

Background: Vancomycin is a common drug used in children with severe infection. In adults, at least 15 mg/L of the optimal vancomycin trough concentration (C) is needed to generate the target 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 400 for a pathogen with the MIC ≤1 mg/L.

Objectives: To determine vancomycin PK in children with severe infection and to explore the correlation between vancomycin C and AUC in children, as well as to propose the appropriate vancomycin dosages using Monte Carlo simulation.

Case report of congenital asplenia presenting with Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia) sepsis: an emerging pediatric infection in Minnesota.

Background: In the pre-vaccine era, invasive disease with Haemophilus influenzae, type b (Hib) commonly presented with osteoarticular involvement. Haemophilus influenzae, type a (Hia) sepsis is a rare but emerging problem in recent years. Here, we report a case of sepsis with concomitant osteoarthritis due to Hia that was the presenting infectious disease manifestation of isolated asplenia in a young child.

A case of severe TBCE-negative hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome: Case report and literature review.

Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism syndrome (HRD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder attributed to the mutations in the tubulin-specific chaperone E (TBCE) gene, which is vital for microtubule function during mitosis, organelle positioning, and neuronal cytokinesis. HRD is a congenital syndromic hypoparathyroidism associated with growth deficiency, microcephaly, intellectual disability, ocular anomalies, and facial dysmorphism. To our knowledge, there is only one published case of mild HRD-like syndrome with no identifiable genetic etiology.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in children with severe infection.

This study aimed to describe the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of meropenem in children with severe infections and to assess the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of various meropenem dosage regimens in these patients. Fourteen children with severe infections received intravenous (i.v.

Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a 3-year-old boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.

Pseudoclavibacter has rarely been documented as an etiologic agent of infection in humans. We presented the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital due to prolonged fever and progressive paraplegia for 3 months.

A 9-year-old boy with severe diphtherial infection and cardiac complications.

The incidence of diphtheria has decreased since the introduction of an effective vaccine. However, in countries with low vaccination rates it has now become a re-emerging disease. Complications from diphtheria commonly include upper airway obstruction and cardiac complications.

Dengue shock syndrome in an infant.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection affecting children and adults worldwide. In newborn infants, the dengue virus can cause diseases, especially in infants born to pregnant women hospitalised with dengue or postpartum women with fever. The authors report a case of a term newborn infant who presented with haemodynamic instability and thrombocytopaenia at the age of 7 days, without a history of clinical dengue infection in the mother.

An 11-year-old boy with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and dengue co-infection.

Malaria and dengue fever are major mosquito-borne public health problems in tropical countries. The authors report a malaria and dengue co-infection in an 11-year-old boy who presented with sustained fever for 10 days. The physical examination revealed a flushed face, injected conjunctivae and left submandibular lymphadenopathy.