Fat Injection and Its Clinical Applications.

Fat injection has been in application for more than two decades, and its usefulness has been well documented. In our article, we want to highlight the various applications and usefulness of this versatile technique. We also want to showcase the methods to ensure good results and maximize the uptake of fat grafts with minimal absorption.

Rotter's Lymph Nodes-Do We Really Need to Remove During Axillary Clearance?

Surgical management of node positive breast cancer requires axillary dissection. Interpectoral nodes (IPNs) or Rotter's nodes removal is controversial as there is hardly any tissue in this region. IPNs involvement is rarely seen among breast cancer patients.

Pursestring Technique for Treatment of Nulliparous Congenital Inverted Nipple.

Background: Nipple inversion in nulliparous women is often encountered and is a surgical challenge. The challenge lies in the correction of deformity with minimal marks and also in not damaging the lactiferous ducts, which will interfere with future breastfeeding.

Aim: To provide a relatively simple technique, which can be easily performed as an outpatient procedure with minimal complications.

Practice patterns and outcomes with the use of regorafenib in metastatic colorectal cancer: Results from the Regorafenib in Metastatic colorectal cancer - An Indian exploratory analysis study.

Background: Regorafenib is considered a standard of care as third-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs).

Materials And Methods: The study was based on a computerized clinical data form sent to oncologists across the country for entry of anonymized patient data. The data entry form was conceived and generated by the coordinating center's (Tata Memorial Hospital) gastrointestinal medical oncologists and disseminated through personal contacts at academic conferences as well as through E-mail to various oncologists across India.

Endometrial stromal sarcoma-A retropsective analysis of factors affecting recurrence.

Objective: To assess the factors associated with disease free survival and overall survival in endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS).

Methods: This was a single institution retrospective analysis done at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences. Records from January 2005 to October 2016 were analysed and 42 patients with ESS were identified.

Feasibility study of axillary reverse mapping lymphoscintigraphy in carcinoma breast: A concept toward preventing lymphedema.

Objective: In the surgery of breast cancer, axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is the identification and preservation of arm draining lymph node (ARM node) during an axillary dissection. The assumption is that the ARM node is different from node draining breast and is unlikely to be involved even in the patients with axillary nodal metastases. If we can identify and preserve ARM node using lymphoscintigraphy; morbidity of lymphedema, as seen with axillary dissection, may be avoided.

Reconstruction of complex shoulder defect in a case of subclavian artery thrombosis.

We report a case of a 24-year-old man with complex shoulder defect on the right side following a road traffic accident. The patient was found to have a subclavian artery thrombosis in its second part with good collaterals ensuring limb viability. Free-flap reconstruction was not possible because of lack of recipient vascular pedicle nearby.

Axillary reverse mapping using 99mTc-SC: a case illustration.

Lymphedema is a common complication in breast carcinoma patients undergoing axillary lymph node dissection. Although there is a significant reduction in the lymphedema rate with sentinel lymph node biopsy compared to axillary lymph node dissection, there is some risk after sentinel lymph node biopsy. Axillary reverse mapping, an emerging concept aims at identifying and preserving the draining lymph node of the arm that is invariably devoid of malignancy.

Osteopetrosis of the mandible masquerading as tubercular osteomyelitis.

Osteopetrosis is a rare congenital (autosomal type) disorder of the skeletal system. Several variants have been described in the literature with grossly variant prognosis and clinical behaviour. Several reports of intractable osteomyelitis of the jaw bones secondary to osteopetrosis, particularly the mandible, have been published widely.

Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel: application as pH-sensitive delivery for nateglinide.

In current research, chitosan was reacted with mono-chloroacetic acid under alkaline condition to prepare carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTs). The degree of substitution (Ds) on prepared CMCTs was found to be 0.68.

Synthesis and characterization of pH-sensitive hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan for colon targeted delivery of ornidazole.

In the present study, carboxymethyl chitosan was prepared from chitosan, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and evaluated in vitro as a potential carrier for colon targeted drug delivery of ornidazole. Ornidazole was incorporated at the time of crosslinking of carboxymethyl chitosan. The chitosan was evaluated for its degree of deacetylation (DD) and average molecular weight; which were found to be 84.

A rare case of dumb-bell lipoma of the sole.

A rare case of dumb-bell shaped lipoma of sole of foot in a middle aged lady which had crippled her life for almost a decade in-spite of multiple surgeries. She was initially misdiagnosed to have a corn on her sole and had undergone 3 surgeries spanning about 5 years. Due to the big size of the soft tissue swelling an MRI was done which showed a dumb-bell shaped swelling of foot.

Stomach-specific drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil using ethylcellulose floating microspheres.

A multiple-unit-type oral floating dosage form (FDF) of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was developed to prolong gastric residence time for the treatment of stomach cancer. The floating microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The prepared microspheres were characterized for their micromeretic properties, floating behavior and entrapment efficiency; as well by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD), thin layer chromatography (TLC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

First dorsal metacarpal artery islanded flap: A useful flap for reconstruction of thumb pulp defects.

Thumb pulp defects are commonly due to avulsion injuries. It is very important to reconstruct these defects using sensate flaps as the thumb pulp needs to be sensate for implementing the various functions of the thumb. A very good option for coverage of these defects is the islanded first dorsal metacarpal artery flap.

Racemose cysticercosis: novel demonstration of a rare condition.

A case of cisternal cysticercosis (racemose type) is presented which was well demonstrated on MRI by intrathecal administration of gadodiamide (gadolinium DTPA-BMD). The cysts appeared as multiple filling defects within an opacified cerebrospinal fluid. The authors believe that this is the first time that cisternal cysticercosis has been demonstrated using this technique.

CHOLEDOCHAL CYSTS: OUR EXPERIENCE.

Eight patients of choledochal cyst have been diagnosed and six have been managed surgically. There were two children and six adults. Both the children had Type I cyst.

Cerebral parenchymal calcification in a child with vein of galen malformation : role of medullary veins.

A child with vein of Galen malformation whose CT scan showed extensive parenchymal calcification on follow-up, is presented. The possible role of differential venous pressures and medullary veins in the pathogenesis of cerebral calcification in our patient is discussed.

Clinical evaluation of gold foil as an apical sealing material for replantation.

Intentional replantation of mandibular molars was performed in forty patients. Different materials were used for sealing the apex. Healing was assessed by measuring biting force at 2-month intervals for up to 6 months.