Background: Growth hormone replacement is indicated in adults with severe growth hormone (GH) deficiency, adult growth hormone deficiency assessment (AGHDA) score of at least 11 and are receiving treatment for other pituitary hormone deficiencies. There are no data looking at the cessation of GH replacement in adult patients with severe GH deficiency and the factors that predict the likelihood of patients continuing or stopping growth hormone replacement.
Methods: We audited patients on the GH register between January 2006 and January 2023 in Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS foundation Trust, a UK tertiary hospital.
Objectives: Liver fibrosis resulting from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic disorders is highly prevalent in patients with severe obesity and poses a significant health challenge. However, there is a lack of data on the effectiveness of noninvasive factors in predicting liver fibrosis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between these factors and liver fibrosis through a machine learning approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are M2 macrophage markers that are modulated by inflammation. A disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMS) and those with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) regulate the shedding of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, ligands, and receptors; MMPs, ADAMS, and ADAMTS may be regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). This study aimed to determine whether these interacting proteins were dysregulated in PCOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between time below range (TBR), impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), and severe hypoglycemia (SH).
Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from individuals with diabetes using continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists audit. Hypoglycemia awareness was assessed via the Gold score (≥4 denoting IAH), and SH was defined as hypoglycemia requiring third-party assistance.
Aims: This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of introducing isCGM on glycaemic control and diabetes distress in individuals with T2DM receiving non-insulin therapies.
Materials And Methods: Forty adults with T2DM were randomised to either receive FreeStyle Libre 2 (Libre 2), an isCGM system, or FreeStyle Libre Pro iQ (Libre Pro) also known as 'blinded' CGM. Participants were followed for 12 weeks.
Background: The Sampson-NIH and Martin-Hopkins low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) equations are advocated as being superior to the Friedewald calculation. However, their mathematical complexity means they may have different biological and analytical variation when tracking LDL-C in the same patient. This study has established the biological variation (BV) of calculated and directly measured LDL-C (dLDL-C) in patients taking equivalent doses of a long (atorvastatin) and short (simvastatin) half-life statin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death [...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to understand the effect of time to remission of acromegaly on survival in people living with acromegaly.
Design, Patients And Measurement: This cross-sectional study used data from the UK Acromegaly Register. We considered remission of acromegaly growth hormone controlled at ≤2 μg/L following the diagnosis of acromegaly.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between metabolic control factors, socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, and self-perceived health status in diabetes.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 318 patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes (DM). Participants completed a questionnaire-based survey, which included the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised to measure five personality dimensions and the SF-12 survey to assess self-perceived health status.
Vitamin D is proposed to have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease, though the mechanism is unclear. Vitamin D deficiency is common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), where it is strongly related to obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and risk of cardiovascular disease. To determine if the inherent pathophysiology of PCOS or vitamin D levels are linked to dysregulation of cardiovascular risk proteins (CVRPs), a study in non-obese women with PCOS and without IR was undertaken.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants affected by BMI and ethnicity, with contradictory reports of association with vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: Twenty-nine Caucasian women with non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age- and BMI-matched Caucasian control women ( = 30) were recruited. Paired serum samples were analyzed for PFAAs ( = 13) using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
: Hypoglycemia has been associated with cardiovascular events, and glucose variability has been suggested to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, in this study, we examined the effect on proteomic cardiovascular risk protein markers of (i) mild iatrogenic hypoglycemia and (ii) severe iatrogenic hypoglycemia followed by rebound hyperglycemia. : Two iatrogenic hypoglycemia studies were compared; firstly, mild hypoglycemia in 18 subjects (10 type 2 diabetes (T2D), 8 controls; blood glucose to 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurcumin, as an anti-tumor agent, is not widely used in cancer treatment due to the lack of effective levels of its metabolites in cancerous tissue. Addressing the barriers to the carrier and delivery of drugs to the specific sites of therapeutic action while reducing side effects is a priority. Folate receptor expression is high in malignant and low in normal cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBladder cancer (BC) represents a prevalent malignancy in North America and Europe, posing significant health burdens. The identification of a reliable biomarker for early BC detection is imperative to enhance prognostic outcomes. Our aim for this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy and potential clinical utility of Angiogenin/Ribonuclease 5 (ANG/RNase 5) as a biomarker for detection of BC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlomerular hyperfiltration (GH) has been reported to be higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is an independent risk factor for renal function deterioration, metabolic, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine GH in type A PCOS subjects and to identify whether inflammatory markers, markers of CKD, renal tubule injury markers, and complement system proteins were associated. In addition, a secondary cohort study was performed to determine if the eGFR had altered over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Obesity is the modern world's current epidemic, with substantial health and economic impact. This study aimed to provide a narrative overview of the past, currently available, and future treatment options that offer therapeutic and preventive advantages for obesity management.
Areas Covered: Historically, rimonabant, and lorcaserin, were approved and used for managing non-syndromic obesity.
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterised by insulin resistance and is a risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to review the literature on the effect of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone in women with PCOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulated Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated protein expression is reported in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), paralleling the expression reported in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized, however, that these proteins would not differ between women with non-obese and non-insulin resistant PCOS compared to matched control subjects. We measured plasma amyloid-related proteins levels (Amyloid-precursor protein (APP), alpha-synuclein (SNCA), amyloid P-component (APCS), Pappalysin (PAPPA), Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), apolipoprotein E (apoE), apoE2, apoE3, apoE4, Serum amyloid A (SAA), Noggin (NOG) and apoA1) in weight and aged-matched non-obese PCOS ( = 24) and control ( = 24) women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age, and several risk factors found in PCOS are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Proteins increased in AD have been reported to include fibronectin (FN) fragments 3 and 4 (FN1.3 and FN1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To understand the effect of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in people with diabetes with a 'psychosocial' indication for access.
Methods: The study utilized baseline and follow-up data from the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists nationwide audit of people with diabetes in the UK. Diabetes-related distress (DRD) was assessed using the two-item diabetes-related distress scale (DDS).
Aims: To evaluate the clinical features and impact of flash glucose monitoring in older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) across age groups defined as young-old, middle-old, and old-old.
Materials And Methods: Clinicians were invited to submit anonymized intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) user data to a secure web-based tool within the National Health Service secure network. We collected baseline data before isCGM initiation, such as demographics, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values from the previous 12 months, Gold scores and Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS2) scores.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2023
This review will provide an overview of what is currently known about mechanisms linking poor glycaemic control with increased thrombotic risk. The leading causes of death in people with diabetes are strokes and cardiovascular disease. Significant morbidity is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, resulting in myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, along with the sequelae of these events, including loss of functional ability, heart failure, and amputations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective of this study was to determine the role of Iranian herbal Zofa syrup in improving the clinical symptoms of patients with COVID-19.
Materials And Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 105 patients with COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=35) group (received 10 ml of Zofa syrup every 8 hours/seven days plus standard treatment) or the control (n=70) group (received only standard treatment).
Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis
September 2023
Introduction: Cytokines are synthesized and released by immune system cells and mediate critical immune responses. Aging is associated with increased serum levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines. A positive correlation between the concentration of several cytokines and blood pressure has been reported; higher cytokine concentrations may be related to the underlying causes of hypertension through the effects of inflammatory responses or as an independent aetiology for hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Evidence suggests that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), commonly used in plastics and personal care products, may be associated with reduced levels of vitamin D. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between phthalate metabolites, 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan; TCS) and bisphenols (BPs) with vitamin D (25(OH)D) and active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D), and their relationship to calcium homeostasis.
Methods: 57 female participants (age 31.