Iodine-Promoted Controlled and Selective Oxidation of (Aryl)(Heteroaryl)Methanes.

The development of direct and controlled oxidation of C-H bonds is of great importance. Herein, an iodine-catalyzed controlled oxidation of (aryl)(heteroaryl)methanes to (aryl)(heteroaryl)methanols is disclosed under metal-free reaction conditions. A catalytic system comprised of iodine/silyl chloride with HI as an additive in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide selectively oxidizes the C-H bonds without being overoxidized to corresponding ketones.

Genome-wide methylome pattern predictive network analysis reveal mesenchymal stem cell's propensity to undergo cardiovascular lineage.

Unlabelled: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation toward cardiovascular lineage prediction using the global methylome profile will highlight its prospective utility in regenerative medicine. We examined the propensity prediction to cardiovascular lineage using 5-Aza, a well-known cardiac lineage inducer. The customized 180 K microarray was performed and further analysis of global differentially methylated regions by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) in both MSCs and 5-AC-treated MSCs.

Enhanced Production of β-Caryophyllene by Farnesyl Diphosphate Precursor-Treated Callus and Hairy Root Cultures of L.

L. produces a wide range of valuable secondary metabolites. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of various concentrations of farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) on β-caryophyllene content in both callus and hairy root (HR) cultures regeneration from leaf explants of L.

Agrobacterium-mediated in planta genetic transformation of sugarcane setts.

An efficient, reproducible, and genotype-independent in planta transformation has been developed for sugarcane using setts as explant. Traditional Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and in vitro regeneration of sugarcane is a complex and time-consuming process. Development of an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol, which can produce a large number of transgenic plants in short duration is advantageous.

Effect of incorporation of nanoscale bioactive glass and hydroxyapatite in PCL/chitosan nanofibers for bone and periodontal tissue engineering.

A biomimetic scaffold which can very closely mimic the extracellular matrix of the bone was fabricated by incorporating nano-bioceramic particles such as nano bioglass (nBG) and nano hydroxyapatite (nHAp) within electrospun nanofibrous scaffold. A comparative study between nHAp incorporated poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-chitosan (CS) and nBG incorporated PCL-CS nanofibrous scaffolds was carried out and their feasibility in tissue engineering was investigated. All the samples were optimized to obtain fibers of similar diameter from 100-200 nm for the ease of comparison between the samples.

Comprehensive review on oral disintegrating films.

Fast-dissolving drug-delivery systems were first developed in the late 1970s as an alternative to tablets, capsules, and syrups for pediatric and geriatric patients who experience difficulties swallowing traditional oral solid dosage forms. In response to this need, a variety of orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formats were commercialized, which disintegrate within 1 min when placed in the mouth without drinking water or chewing. Oral drug delivery technology has improved from conventional dosage forms to modified release dosage forms to ODT to the recent oral disintegrating films (ODF).

Fabrication of aligned poly(lactic acid)-chitosan nanofibers by novel parallel blade collector method for skin tissue engineering.

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was blended with chitosan (CS) to fabricate electrospun aligned PLA-CS nanofibers. These prepared nanofibers were aligned using a novel collector made of parallel blades which is designed to increase the transversal electric field across the gap. SEM images show that the fiber diameter mostly ranges between 150 +/- 60 nm and Fourier Transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirm the presence of PLA and CS.

Hierarchically designed electrospun tubular scaffolds for cardiovascular applications.

Hierarchically designed tubular scaffolds with bi-layer and multi-layer structures are expected to mimic native vessels in its structural geometry. A new approach for the fabrication of hierarchically designed tubular scaffold with suitable morphology was introduced through electrospinning technique. Among these scaffolds, bi-layer scaffold had a single inner and outer layer whereas multilayer scaffold had more number of inner layers.

Acne and its treatment options: a review.

Acne vulgaris is an extremely common condition affecting more than 80-90% of adolescents and young adults. It typically starts in late childhood or early teens, but onset may be delayed in some people well into their 20s and 30s. The incidence rate of acne is roughly the same in males and females but, males tend to have more serious conditions.

Floating drug delivery systems for prolonging gastric residence time: a review.

Oral delivery of the drug is the most preferable route of drug delivery due to the ease of administration, patient compliance and flexibility in the formulations. Recent technological advancements have been made in controlled oral drug delivery systems by overcoming physiological difficulties, such as short gastric residence time and highly variable gastric emptying time. Gastroretentive dosage forms have been designed over the past three decades to overcome these difficulties.

P-Glycoprotein- and cytochrome P-450-mediated herbal drug interactions.

P-Glycoprotein (P-gp), the most extensively studied ATP-binding cassette transporter, functions as a biological barrier by extruding toxic substances and xenobiotics out of cells. Drug efflux pumps such as P-gp play a functional role in determining the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered by oral and parenteral routes. Determining the activity of drug efflux transport proteins has important implications in the identification of substrates and/or inhibitors.