Triglyceride Glucose (TyG) Index: A surrogate biomarker of insulin resistance.

The predictability of triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) as a biomarker for identification of insulin resistance (IR) is being extensively studied in various ethnic populations. TyG index could be a beneficial tool for identification of IR and populations at high risk for developing diabetes in future. However, more studies are required to standardize optimal cut-off values in different ethnicities and populations.

Early Goal-Directed Therapy With and Without Intermittent Superior Vena Cava Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Pediatric Septic Shock: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) 'with' and 'without' intermittent superior vena cava oxygen saturation (ScvO2) monitoring in pediatric septic shock.

Design: Open label randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary care center.

Low-Dose (0.05 Unit/kg/hour) vs Standard-Dose (0.1 Unit/kg/hour) Insulin in the Management of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of insulin infusion of 0.05 Unit/kg/hour vs 0.1 Unit/kg/hour in the management of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Capillary versus Serum b-hydroxybutyrate in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Objective: To find the strength of agreement between point-of-care and serum b-hydroxybutyrate.

Methods: 236 paired samples (capillary b-hydroxybutyrate by a point of care device and serum b-hydroxybutyrate by colorimetric enzymatic estimation) samples were collected from 26 children aged <13 years admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Inborn errors of metabolism and septic shock were excluded.

Second Dose of Scorpion Antivenom in Children with Indian Red Scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) Sting Envenomation.

Objective: To study the effect of the second dose of scorpion antivenom in children with non-resolving or worsening scorpion sting envenomation.

Methods: 72 children aged ≤12 years with scorpion sting envenomation grade 2 and above were enrolled. 61 received the first dose of three vials of antivenom at admission (group A).

Histopathological changes in septic acute kidney injury in critically ill children: a cohort of post-mortem renal biopsies.

Background: Septic acute kidney injury (AKI) accounts for more than half of all cases of AKI in critically ill children. The renal histology was found to alter the management in more than two-third of cases of adult acute renal failure. Better insight into the pathogenesis of pediatric septic AKI could be based on developing a clearer appreciation of the histopathological changes.

Gene expression and silencing of activin receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) in myoblast cells of chicken.

Activin receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) acts as receptor for myostatin (MSTN) protein involved in inhibiting satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. The importance of the ACVR2A gene during embryonic and post-hatch periods in broiler and layer chicken was studied in an in vitro cell culture system. The expression pattern of the ACVR2A gene during embryonic stages was similar in broiler and layer lines.

Biologic perspectives in restorative treatment.

One of the primary goals of a long term successful restorative therapy is to establish a physiologic periodontal climate that facilitates the maintenance of periodontal health. The contemporary clinician has a host of alternatives for the restoration of teeth. It is now possible to mimic nature and provide restorations that defy detection but the most challenging procedure in clinical dentistry is fabricating a restoration in gingival harmony.

Gagging.

Gagging is a protective reflex to stop unwanted entry into the mouth and oropharynx. Some people have a reduced or absent reflex, while others have a pronounced one. Pronounced gag reflexes can compromise all aspects of dentistry, from the diagnostic procedures of examination and radiography to any form of active treatment.

Sequence analysis and homology modeling Gallus gallus glutathione S-transferase (Q08392).

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) belong to the transferase group of enzymes; GST are a family of enzymes that catalyze the addition of glutathione to endogenous or xenobiotic, often toxic electrophilic chemicals, and a major group of detoxification enzymes. We used the homology modeling technique to construct the structure of Gallus gallus GST. The amino acid sequence identity between the target protein and sequence of template protein 1ML6 (Mus musculus) was 66.

Intervention with traditional food as a major source of energy, protein, iron, vitamin C and vitamin A for rural Dalit mothers and young children in Andhra Pradesh, South India.

Intakes of energy, protein, iron and vitamin A in India are usually reported as inadequate. Recognizing that traditional food systems are sustainable, high in species variety, and have rich nutrient sources, we compared dietary intakes and nutrient sources of Dalit mothers and their children living in villages with and without an intervention based on improved access to the traditional Dalit food system. 24-hour recalls were conducted with Dalit mothers and their children aged 6-39 months during summer and rainy seasons in 2003.

Traditional food consumption and nutritional status of Dalit mothers in rural Andhra Pradesh, South India.

Objectives: To describe prevalence of malnutrition and their correlates of nutrient and traditional food consumption in rural Dalit mothers.

Design: In a cross-sectional study, we used socio-cultural questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and clinical eye examinations during the rainy season in 2003. Food frequency questionnaires and 24-h recalls were conducted during both summer and rainy seasons.

A trial of Phyllanthus amarus in acute viral hepatitis.

The study was done to know whether the powders of Phyllanthus amarus plants favourably influence the duration of disease in patients with acute viraus B hepatitis when compared to placebo. The powders of the plant were given in capsule form (300 mg capsules--3 capsules--3 capsules thrice daily) and an antacid powder in similar capsule was used as placebo. Persons with encephalopathy, preexisting medical conditions or serum bilirubin above 350 iu/l were excluded from the study.