Fabrication of lactoferrin-chitosan-etoposide nanoparticles with melatonin via carbodiimide coupling: In-vitro & in-vivo evaluation for colon cancer.

This study presents the development of melatonin-coated lactoferrin-chitosan nanoparticles (ETP-CS-LF-MLT-NPs) using ionic gelation and carbodiimide coupling for colorectal cancer treatment. The nanoparticles were characterized by an average size of 208.7 ± 1.

Chitosan nanoparticles of imatinib mesylate coated with TPGS for the treatment of colon cancer: In-vivo & in-vitro studies.

The study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan-based nanoparticles coated with TPGS for the targeted delivery of imatinib mesylate to colon cancer cells. Particle size and zeta potential analysis were within the acceptable range for targeting colon cancer. CS-IMT-TPGS-NPs had a significant positive zeta potential of 30.

Comparative Study of Lactogenic Effect and Milk Mutritional Density of Oral Galactagogues in Female Rabbit.

Background: Hypogalactia and agalactia in lactating mothers are the major causes of child malnutrition, mortality, morbidity, and overall ill health. The development of such treatments requires a well-designed preclinical study with suitable laboratory animals, which needs to be improved. Thus, a suitably designed study with a laboratory animal to analyse galactagogue activity, along with an assessment of the quality and quantity of milk, is required.

Hybrid Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics: A Critical Review on Design, Synthesis, and Multifunctional Capabilities.

Theranostics, a method that combines targeted therapy and diagnostic imaging, has emerged as a viable route for enhancing cancer treatment, and hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) are at the forefront of this field. Metallic, polymeric, lipid-based, and silica- based HNPs are studied for targeting and biocompatibility. Using HNPs, chemotherapeutic drugs, small interfering RNA, and therapeutic genes can be given precisely and controlled.

Immunotherapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease: Exploring active and passive vaccine progress.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegeneration having non-effective treatments. Vaccines or monoclonal antibodies are two typical immunotherapies for AD. Due to Aβ neurotoxicity, most of the treatments target its generation and deposition.

The Application of Graphene Oxide Nanoarchitectures in the Treatment of Cancer: Phototherapy, Immunotherapy, and the Development of Vaccines.

Nanoparticles have been crucial in redesigning tumour eradication techniques, and recent advances in cancer research have accelerated the creation and integration of multifunctional nanostructures. In the fight against treatment resistance, which has reduced the effectiveness of traditional radiation and chemotherapy, this paradigm change is of utmost importance. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of several nanoparticles made of carbon that has made a splash in the medical field.

pH-Sensitive Nanoparticles of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Aim: Encapsulating epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles for targeted delivery of drugs could revolutionize colorectal cancer treatment.

Materials & Methods: Nanoparticles were synthesized to release drugs at colon pH. Dynamic light scattering measured their average diameter and ζ-potential, while differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction assessed EGCG encapsulation.

An Overview of Recent Findings that Shed Light on the Connection between Fat and Cancer.

Obesity and cancer have been found to have a direct link in epidemiological studies. Obesity raises the risk of cancer and associated chronic disorders. Furthermore, an imbalance of adipokines, like leptins, plays a crucial role in neoplasm pathogenesis, cell migration, and thereby, cancer metastasis.

A New Strategy for the Software-Assisted LC Separations of Ketoconazole and Its Impurities.

Analytical quality by design and the use of dissimilar chromatographic systems can be employed to accelerate chromatographic separations. Herein, a software (S-Matrix)-assisted platform was used to proficiently screen, optimize and select the optimal parameters for the chromatographic separation of ketoconazole and its related impurities. This approach evaluated the various chromatographic parameters in a stepwise manner based on the statistical tools and provided an in-depth understanding of the critical parameters influencing the peak selectivities and separations.

An update on Alzheimer's disease: Immunotherapeutic agents, stem cell therapy and gene editing.

Alzheimer's disease is a chronic lifestyle ailment whose occurrence has come to light with the increasing life expectancy due to better healthcare. The patient burden for AD is set to double by the year 2060 and advancement in research is of utmost importance to combat this problem. AD is characterized by the pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.

Toxicity profiling of the ethanolic extract of Citrullus lanatus seed in rats: behavioral, biochemical and histopathological aspects.

Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae) is conventionally used for the treatment of urinary tract infection, renal stones, hypertension, diabetes and diarrhoea. Current study evaluates acute and 28 days repeated toxicity ethanolic extract of C. lanatus seed (EECLS) in Wistar rats to measure its safety profile.

Aloin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Purpose: Aloin, an anthraquinone present in the aloe species, possesses antiangiogenic, chemopreventive and antioxidant properties. It exerts cytotoxicity against breast cancer and ovarian cancer cell lines. These properties of aloin project it as a chemopreventive adjuvant to anticancer chemotherapy.

Aloin protects against arsenic trioxide-induced myocardial membrane damage and release of inflammatory cytokines.

Aloin exerts concentration-dependent pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects when tested in vitro. Such duality of effects has not been investigated through in vivo studies on aloin. We evaluated the effects of aloin at doses ranging between 1 and 125 mg/kg against the arsenic trioxide (AsO)-induced cardiotoxicity in mice.

Animal Models of Inflammation for Screening of Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Implications for the Discovery and Development of Phytopharmaceuticals.

Inflammation is one of the common events in the majority of acute as well as chronic debilitating diseases and represent a chief cause of morbidity in today's era of modern lifestyle. If unchecked, inflammation leads to development of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and atherosclerosis along with pulmonary, autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation involves a complex network of many mediators, a variety of cells, and execution of multiple pathways.

Acute and 28-day oral toxicity studies of methanolic extract of () fruit in rats.

() is traditionally known to be used for the treatment of diabetes, ulcer, jaundice, cardiovascular disease, hemorrhoids, and colitis. This study involves evaluation of acute and subacute toxicity of methanolic extract of fruit (MELSF) in rats for assessment of its safety profile. For acute oral toxicity, single dose (2000 mg/kg body weight) of extract was administered in female Wister rats while in the subacute study the extract was given at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg orally over 28 d in male and female rats.

Disulfiram and Its Copper Chelate Attenuate Cisplatin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Rats Via Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

The use of cisplatin (CP) in chemotherapy of resistant cancers is limited due to its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Disulfiram (DSF), the aversion therapy for alcoholism, has recently emerged as an anticancer and chemopreventive agent. Its anticancer activity is potentiated in the presence of copper.

Therapeutic Potential of : A Review on Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Aspects.

(Cucurbitaceae), a perennial plant grows mainly in India, Southeast Asia, China, Japan, Egypt, and other parts of Africa, it is widely used in the traditional Indian medicinal system to treat various health conditions. The plant has been used in jaundice, diabetes, hemorrhoids, dysentery, headache, ringworm infection, and leprosy. More than 50 chemical compounds have been isolated from a plant which mainly comprises flavonoids, anthraquinones, proteins, fatty acids, saponin triterpene, volatile components, and other phytoconstituents.

Zingiber officinale and 6-gingerol alleviate liver and kidney dysfunctions and oxidative stress induced by mercuric chloride in male rats: A protective approach.

Mercury toxicity is an emerging problem in the world as its concentration is rising continuously due to increased industrial, medicinal and domestic uses. Exposure to mercury represents a serious challenge to humans and other living biomes. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effect of natural products as Zingiber officinale extract and its active compound (6-gingerol) against mercuric chloride-induced hepatorenal toxicity and oxidative stress in male rats.

Protective Effect of Thymoquinone against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis through Inhibiting DNA Damage and Upregulation of Nrf2 Expression.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) induced hemorrhagic cystitis is a dose-limiting side effect involving increased oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and suppressed activity of nuclear factor related erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). Thymoquinone (TQ), an active constituent of Nigella sativa seeds, is reported to increase the expression of Nrf2, exert antioxidant action, and anti-inflammatory effects in the experimental animals. The present study was designed to explore the effects of TQ on CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in Balb/c mice.

Use of Aspirin in normalization of recombinant human erythropoietin-mediated hyper-reactivity of platelets in rats.

Objectives: The cytokine erythropoietin is the primary stimulator of erythropoiesis and recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), which is widely used in the treatment of anemia associated with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adverse cardiovascular outcomes have been observed during clinical trials of anemia correction with rHuEPO in CKD patients. We investigated the effects of short-term, high-dose treatment with rHuEPO on platelet reactivity and effects of aspirin on platelet reactivity in healthy rats.