Metabolism and dissipation kinetics of a novel protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase herbicide [oxadiargyl] in various buffered aqueous system under laboratory-simulated condition.

Present investigation was carried out using two commercial products Raft (oxadiargyl 6% EC) and Topstar (oxadiargyl 80% WP) of Oxadiargyl {5-tert-butyl-3[2,4-dichloro-5-(prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2 (3H)-one} to investigate the persistence behavior and metabolism of the herbicide in various aqueous system under different pH condition. Half-life values revealed that alkaline hydrolysis played a dominant role in hydrolytic degradation of this compound. Q-ToF micromass study with the alkaline fractions of oxadiargyl indicated the formation of five metabolites, which was further characterized from their mass fragmentation data.

Dissipation kinetics of forchlorfenuron, 6-benzyl aminopurine, gibberellic acid and ethephon residues in table grapes (Vitis vinifera).

The residue dynamics of plant growth regulators (PGR) forchlorfenuron (CPPU), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and ethephon in grape are presented, corresponding to their field applications at recommended and double doses. Random samples were collected from each treated and control plot at regular time intervals. The optimised sample preparation technique involves extraction of 10 g homogenised sample with 20 ml methanol (+1% formic acid) and measurement by LC-MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring, offering limit of quantification ≤0.

Multiresidue determination of 375 organic contaminants including pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry with introduction of semi-quantification approach.

A residue analysis method for the simultaneous estimation of 349 pesticides, 11 PCBs and 15 PAHs extracted from grape, pomegranate, okra, tomato and onion matrices, was established by using a gas chromatograph coupled to an electron impact ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-EI-MS/MS). The samples were extracted by ethyl acetate and cleaned by dispersive solid phase extraction with PSA and/or GCB/C(18) by the methods reported earlier. The GC-EI-MS/MS parameters were optimized for analysis of all the 375 compounds within a 40 min run time with limit of quantification for most of the compounds at <10 μg/L, which is well below their respective European Union-Maximum Residue Levels.

Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies.

Intensive agriculture is spectacularly successful since last couple of decades due to the inputs viz; fertilizers and pesticides along with high yielding varieties. The mandate for agriculture development was to feed and adequate nutrition supply to the expanding population by side the agriculture would be entering to into new area of commercial and export orientation. The attention of public health and proper utilization natural resources are also the main issues related with agriculture development.