Radiopaque fibrin nanocomplex as a promising tool for X-ray imaging applications.

The raising burden of cancer can be controlled by fabricating smart nanomaterials that can detect tumours easily. In this study, we report about the preparation of radiopaque fibrin nanocomplex (RFN) for imaging solid tumours. The nanocomplex exhibits high X-ray absorption and therefore utilizes X-ray radiography and computed tomography (CT) for imaging tumours.

Morphological Modification of Carbon Nanoparticles after Interacting with Methotrexate as a Potential Anticancer Agent.

Purpose: Production of highly penetrable and targetable drug delivery particles is mainly focused by current therapy and such focus is achieved in our present study. The carbon nanoparticle (CNP) prepared from purely natural source was modified from spherical shape to cylindrical floral like structure after treatment with the anticancer drug methotrexate (CM).

Methods: The physiochemical properties of the CNP and CM was characterized using FT-IR/Raman Spectrometer, XRD, SEM, AFM, particle size analyzer and its biological evaluation using haemolysis and MTT assay.

A possible wound dressing material from marine food waste.

Purpose: Bluefin Trevally (Caranx melampygus) fish is mainly used for fillet production, the bones of which are discarded as a major solid waste in the fish food processing industry. In the present study, novel collagen films were prepared using the bones of Bluefin Trevally (BT). The study investigates the potential of using this collagen film as a wound dressing material.

Macrophages mediated diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis using fibrin based magnetic nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents.

Background: A variety of bioimaging tools assists in the diagnosis and evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other osteoarthritis. However, detection of RA in the early stages by targeting its macrophages with suitable contrast agents will help in arresting the progression of the disease.

Methods: In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of using magnetic fibrin nanoparticles (MFNPs) conjugated with folic acid (FA-MFNPs) as a specific contrast agent to target the activated macrophages, which overexpress the folate receptors (FR) in the knee joints of rats with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA).

Reengineered graft copolymers as a potential alternative for the bone tissue engineering application by inducing osteogenic markers expression and biocompatibility.

Composite scaffolds of nano-hydroxyapatite with demineralized bone matrix were prepared and they were graft copolymerized for better bone regeneration and drug delivery applications. The graft copolymers were characterized for their physiochemical properties using conventional methods like FTIR, TGA, XRD and SEM. The scaffolds were seeded with 3T3 and MG63 cells for studying their biocompatibility and their temporal expression of ALP activity, the rate of calcium deposition and their gene expression of collagen type I (Coll-1), osteopontin (OP), osteonectin (ON), and osteocalcin (OC) were studied.

Carbon nanoparticle from a natural source fabricated for folate receptor targeting, imaging and drug delivery application in A549 lung cancer cells.

There is an emerging need for the development of new anticancer nanocomposite which exhibits imaging properties and targeted drug delivery. In the present study, a nanobiocomposite was prepared, in this direction, which contains carbon nanoparticles (CNP), methotrexate (Mtx) and asparaginase (Asp) coupled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The prepared nanobiocomposite kills only the cancer cells due to the presence of Mtx which is a folic acid analogue and targets the cancer cells due to the over expression of folate receptors on their surface and apoptosis occurs due to the anticancer activity of enzyme asparaginase.

Experimental and theoretical studies on Gallic acid assisted EDC/NHS initiated crosslinked collagen scaffolds.

The effect of Gallic acid (GA) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) on collagen scaffold is investigated. The thermal mechanical analyzer (TMA), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) including tensile strength (TS, 180 ± 3 MPa), denaturation temperature (Td, 80.03°C), % elongation (% E, 180 ± 9) and weight loss (31.

Effect of growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines by the collagen biocomposite dressing material containing Macrotyloma uniflorum plant extract-In vivo wound healing.

Open burn wounds require proper dressings for faster healing and to prevent infection. In the present study, a wound dressing material in sheet form, containing fish scale collagen (FSC), physiologically clotted fibrin (PCF) and Macrotyloma uniflorum plant extract (MPE) was applied on the experimental wounds of rats. It was found that MPE accelerated wound healing, by suppressing the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) expressions thereby reduced inflammation.

Click chemistry approach to conventional vegetable tanning process: accelerated method with improved organoleptic properties.

Click chemistry approaches are tailored to generate molecular building blocks quickly and reliably by joining small units together selectively and covalently, stably and irreversibly. The vegetable tannins such as hydrolyzable and condensed tannins are capable to produce rather stable radicals or inhibit the progress of radicals and are prone to oxidations such as photo and auto-oxidation, and their anti-oxidant nature is well known. A lot remains to be done to understand the extent of the variation of leather stability, color variation (lightening and darkening reaction of leather), and poor resistance to water uptake for prolonged periods.

Bio-modified carbon nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate possible carrier for anticancer drug delivery.

The modification of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) using biological molecules is important in the field of chemical biology, as the CNPs have the potential to deliver the drugs directly to the targeted cells and tissues. We have modified the CNPs by coating bovine serum albumin (BSA) on their surfaces and loaded with methotrexate (Mtx). Infrared spectra have revealed the coating of BSA and Mtx on CNP (CBM).

Fish scale collagen sponge incorporated with Macrotyloma uniflorum plant extract as a possible wound/burn dressing material.

Application of plant extracts for the burn/wound treatment is followed over the decades as a common practice and it is an important aspect in clinical management. In this study porous collagen sponges (CS) were prepared using fish scales and were incorporated with mupirocin (CSM) and extracts of Macrotyloma uniflorum (CSPE) separately to impart antimicrobial activity to the sponges. The results showed that the addition of plant extract increased the tensile strength of CSPE and stability against collagenase enzyme.

Synthesis and characterization of biosheet impregnated with Macrotyloma uniflorum extract for burn/wound dressings.

Developing biomaterials having wound healing properties within the search of a common man is the need of hour, particularly in developing and third world countries. Keeping this objective in view we have developed a wound dressing material, in sheet form, containing fish scale collagen (FSC) and physiologically clotted fibrin (PCF), both are by products of aqua food and meat industries respectively. To impart antimicrobial properties to the composite sheet, it was incorporated with Macrotyloma uniflorum plant extract (MPE).

Fish scale collagen--a novel material for corneal tissue engineering.

The ex vivo cultured limbal stem cells over a biocompatible scaffold are used in the management of limbal stem cell deficiency as an ideal replacement for human amniotic membrane (HAM). A novel source of collagen from fish scales (FSC) was used to fabricate the scaffold. In this study, we have evaluated the physicochemical, mechanical, and culture characteristics of FSC and compared with denuded HAM.

Comparison of some of the physicochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic and normal human bones: a sample study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare some of the physicochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic bones (DBs) and normal bones (NBs).

Materials And Methods: The organic and inorganic parts of human NBs and DBs were separated using conventional methods, and their physicochemical characteristics were compared using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results: The IR spectrum of the collagen part of DBs has showed the presence of carbonyl groups, indicating cross-linking in the α-chain.

One step synthesis of silver nanorods by autoreduction of aqueous silver ions with hydroxyapatite: An inorganic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite.

In this report, a novel method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles on the surface of hydroxyapatite is described. Hydroxyapatite crystals are synthesized from acid mineralized solution, a byproduct of bone glue industries, by a simple chemical precipitation method, which results in the formation of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. The reduction of silver ions occurs by the electron transfer from the hydroxyl groups on the surface of hydroxyapatite.