Correction: Histone Demethylase JMJD2B Functions as a Co-Factor of Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer Proliferation and Mammary Gland Development.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

[A Case of Strangulated Bowel Obstruction after a Laparoscopic Hartmann's Operation for Rectal Cancer].

A 98-year-old woman presented with hematochezia and a circumferential type 2 tumor in the rectum Rb identified on fiberoscopy. We a performed laparoscopic Hartmann's operation and D2 lymphadenectomy for advanced rectal cancer. A sigmoid colostomy was created via the intraperitoneal route.

[A Case of Rapidly Progressing Colon NEC Treated with Laparoscopic Colectomy and Completely Cured].

We experienced a case of rapidly progressing transverse colon NEC that was treated with laparoscopic right hemispherectomy. A 72-year-old man underwent a follow-up lower gastrointestinal endoscopy at another hospital after a polyp resection. The examination showed a surrounding mass with stenosis of the intestinal tract of the transverse colon.

[A Resected Case of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Cancer Found as a Liver Mass].

Our patient was a 72-year-old man in whom a liver mass was identified on abdominal ultrasonography at the examination for which he was referred to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced CT showed that the liver mass was a hemangioma with a surrounding AP shunt. Gallbladder wall thickening could not be ruled out as gallbladder cancer; however, a high possibility of adenomyomatosis was considered.

[A Case of Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma Resected Radically by Pancreaticoduodenectomy with Vascular Resection].

A 54-year-old woman visited to a doctor nearby medical clinic complaining of loss of appetite. She was diagnosed with right hydronephrosis on abdominal ultrasonography, and referred to our hospital for further examination. Contrast abdominal computed tomography(CT)revealed that a 6.

[A Case of Liver Metastasis Complete Resection for Concurrent Overlapping Cancer of the Transverse Colon and Renal Cell Carcinomas that were Difficult to Differentiate from Hepatocellular Carcinoma].

A 79-year-old man visited the hospital because of constipation. Colonoscopy showed a transverse colon carcinoma. Dynamic CT showed a renal neoplastic lesion and 2 lesions in the liver with early staining and late wash out, and the liver lesions showed ring enhancement on EOB-MRI.

Modification of the HLA-A*24:02 Peptide Binding Pocket Enhances Cognate Peptide-Binding Capacity and Antigen-Specific T Cell Activation.

The immunogenicity of a T cell Ag is correlated with the ability of its antigenic epitope to bind HLA and be stably presented to T cells. This presents a challenge for the development of effective cancer immunotherapies, as many self-derived tumor-associated epitopes elicit weak T cell responses, in part due to weak binding affinity to HLA. Traditional methods to increase peptide-HLA binding affinity involve modifying the peptide to reflect HLA allele binding preferences.

Pre-emptive oral clarithromycin reduces the skin toxicity of panitumumab treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Chemotherapy with panitumumab is expected to be well tolerated and improve survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, skin toxicities are its most common adverse events. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pre-emptive antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin (CAM) to prevent panitumumab skin toxicities.

Affinity-matured HLA class II dimers for robust staining of antigen-specific CD4 T cells.

Peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimers enable the detection of antigen-specific T cells in studies ranging from vaccine efficacy to cancer immunotherapy. However, this technology is unreliable when applied to pMHC class II for the detection of CD4 T cells. Here, using a combination of molecular biological and immunological techniques, we cloned sequences encoding human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP, HLA-DQ and HLA-DR molecules with enhanced CD4 binding affinity (with a K of 8.

The meiosis-specific cohesin component stromal antigen 3 promotes cell migration and chemotherapeutic resistance in colorectal cancer.

Chromosome instability is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Stromal antigen (STAG) 3 is a core component of the meiosis-specific cohesin complex, which regulates sister chromatid cohesion. Although aberrantly activated genes encoding the cohesin complex have been identified in cancers, little is known about the role of STAG3 in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 9 Increases Chemoresistance and is an Indicator of Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: In recent years, systemic chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC); however, different patients have different responses to chemotherapeutics.

Methods: Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) is an enzyme in the dipeptidyl peptidase IV family that has been reported to increase drug sensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we examined the relationship between DPP9 expression and the prognosis of patients with CRC, as well as the role of DPP9 in anticancer drug resistance.

Genetic Ablation of HLA Class I, Class II, and the T-cell Receptor Enables Allogeneic T Cells to Be Used for Adoptive T-cell Therapy.

Adoptive immunotherapy can induce sustained therapeutic effects in some cancers. Antitumor T-cell grafts are often individually prepared from autologous T cells, which requires an intensive workload and increased costs. The quality of the generated T cells can also be variable, which affects the therapy's antitumor efficacy and toxicity.

Landscape mapping of shared antigenic epitopes and their cognate TCRs of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes in melanoma.

HLA-restricted T cell responses can induce antitumor effects in cancer patients. Previous human T cell research has largely focused on the few HLA alleles prevalent in a subset of ethnic groups. Here, using a panel of newly developed peptide-exchangeable peptide/HLA multimers and artificial antigen-presenting cells for 25 different class I alleles and greater than 800 peptides, we systematically and comprehensively mapped shared antigenic epitopes recognized by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) from eight melanoma patients for all their class I alleles.

Development of Novel Prognostic Prediction Models including the Prognostic Nutritional Index for Patients with Colorectal Cancer after Curative Resection.

Objectives: It has been reported that there is an association between the nutritional condition and the prognosis of cancer. Here, we evaluated the relation between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A total of 184 patients with CRC who underwent curative surgery from October 2011 to December 2012 at the Osaka University Hospital were investigated.

The inflammation-nutrition score supports the prognostic prediction of the TNM stage for colorectal cancer patients after curative resection.

Purpose: Inflammation and the nutritional and immunologic status are known to be associated with the prognosis of malignant tumors. We aimed to examine inflammation-nutrition scores and predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients by integrating nutritional and immunologic factors and tumor stage.

Methods: This study investigated 511 patients with CRC from 2007 to 2013: 380 in a training set (TS) and 131 in a validation set (VS).

Erratum: A novel prognostic prediction model for recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer after curative resection.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.

Chaperones of the class I peptide-loading complex facilitate the constitutive presentation of endogenous antigens on HLA-DP.

Recent work has delineated key differences in the antigen processing and presentation mechanisms underlying HLA-DP alleles encoding glycine at position 84 of the DPβ chain (DP). These DPs are unable to associate with the class II-associated Ii peptide (CLIP) region of the invariant chain (Ii) chaperone early in the endocytic pathway, leading to continuous presentation of endogenous antigens. However, little is known about the chaperone support involved in the loading of these endogenous antigens onto DP molecules.

New marking method involving a light-emitting diode and power source device to localize gastrointestinal cancer in laparoscopic surgery.

Although the preoperative endoscopic marking method using dye is widely used, the dye can spread into the tissue or abdominal cavity, inducing the inflammation and leading to the wrong dissection. We developed a novel marking method using an endoscopic clip with a light emitting diode (LED) and a power source device to detect the accurate location of the site of interest. We performed this new marking method in three patients with gastrointestinal cancers.

A novel prognostic prediction model for recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer after curative resection.

The present study aimed to clarify the risk factors for recurrence of stage II colon cancer in patients and to determine possible treatment options for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. A prediction model for recurrence in patients with stage II colon cancer after curative surgical resection was developed. The present study retrospectively investigated 436 patients who underwent curative resection for stage II colon cancer at Osaka International Cancer Institute and Yao Municipal Hospital between 2004 and 2012.

Arginine methylation of FOXP3 is crucial for the suppressive function of regulatory T cells.

Forkhead box transcription factor 3 (FOXP3) plays a pivotal role in the suppressive function of regulatory T cells. In addition to mRNA levels, FOXP3 activity can also be controlled by posttranslational mechanisms, which have not been studied in a comprehensive manner. Through extensive screening using selective inhibitors, we demonstrate that the inhibition of type I protein arginine methytransferases (PRMTs) attenuates the suppressive functions of regulatory T cells.

JMJD2B/KDM4B inactivation in adipose tissues accelerates obesity and systemic metabolic abnormalities.

Obesity is a serious global health issue; however, the roles of genetics and epigenetics in the onset and progression of obesity are still not completely understood. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Kdm4b, which belongs to a subfamily of histone demethylases, in adipogenesis and fat metabolism in vivo. We established conditional Kdm4b knockout mice.

DOT1L inhibition attenuates graft-versus-host disease by allogeneic T cells in adoptive immunotherapy models.

Adoptive T-cell therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. The use of allogeneic T-cell grafts will improve its applicability and versatility provided that inherent allogeneic responses are controlled. T-cell activation is finely regulated by multiple signaling molecules that are transcriptionally controlled by epigenetic mechanisms.

Mechanisms underlying the lack of endogenous processing and CLIP-mediated binding of the invariant chain by HLA-DP.

While the principles of classical antigen presentation via MHC class II are well-established, the mechanisms for the many routes of cross-presentation by which endogenous antigens become associated with class II molecules are not fully understood. We have recently demonstrated that the single amino acid polymorphism HLA-DPβ (DP) is critical to abrogate class II invariant chain associated peptide (CLIP) region-mediated binding of invariant chain (Ii) to DP, allowing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident endogenous antigens to constitutively associate with DP such as DP4. In this study, we demonstrate that both the CLIP and N-terminal non-CLIP Ii regions cooperatively generate an Ii conformation that cannot associate with DP via the CLIP region.