Role of irrigation solution on the cell metabolism change of .

The principal etiological agent responsible for dental caries is ). The () possesses antioxidant and antibacterial properties that function through the response to oxidative stress, which affects bacterial cell metabolism. This research examined impact on growth, toxicity, glucan-binding protein (GBP) expression, and nucleic acid structure.

Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Damaging Variants in Indonesians with Clefts.

Objectives: The interaction between genomics, genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in non-syndromic orofacial cleft development. In the current study, we investigated the contributions of rare and novel genetic variants in known cleft genes using whole exome sequencing (WES) data of Indonesians with non-syndromic orofacial clefts.

Design: WES was conducted on 6 individuals.

The rs2013162 and A1298C rs1801131 Gene Polymorphisms Related to non-Syndromic Cleft lip and Palate among Deutero-Malay in Indonesia.

Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors for NSCLP by analyzing polymorphisms in rs2013162 and A1298C rs1801131 in the Deutero Malay Population in Indonesia.

Setting: DNA isolation from venous blood samples was done followed by PCR and PCR-RFLPs method.

Patients/participants: 115 NSCLP subjects and 120 healthy control subjects.

The IRF6 AP-2α binding site polymorphism relate to the severity of non-syndromic orofacial cleft of Indonesian patients.

Background: IRF6 AP-2α binding site polymorphism is known as IRF6 rs642961. It has been associated with a nonsyndromic orofacial cleft (NS OFC). This study aimed to determine the IRF6 rs642961 as a risk factor associated with NS OFC and its phenotypes.

IRF6 rs2235371 as a risk factor for non-syndromic cleft palate only among the Deutero-Malay race in Indonesia and its effect on the IRF6 mRNA expression level.

Background: During the early embryological development of the face, complex orofacial failure results in a non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NS CLP). The interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6) rs2235371 is a non-synonymous polymorphism that is one of the strong candidate genes associated with NS CLP.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine IRF6 rs2235371 as a risk factor for NS CLP and its phenotypes, including complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), cleft lip only (CL), and cleft palate only (CP), as well as to examine the effect of the polymorphism on the IRF6 mRNA expression levels among the Deutero-Malay race in Indonesia.