How social is social media for transgender and gender-diverse youth? Association of online social experiences with internalizing mental health problems.

Adolescents spend a critical amount of their free time on the Internet and social media. Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents, who report elevated rates of mental health issues, especially internalizing problems, have both positive and negative online social experiences (e.g.

[Gender Experiences of Transgender Youth: How Changeable is the Gender Experience of Binary vs. Nonbinary Identifying Transgender Youth and What Factors Are Involved?].

Gender Experiences of Transgender Youth: How Changeable is the Gender Experience of Binary vs. Nonbinary Identifying Transgender Youth and What Factors Are Involved? Nonbinary gender identities are becoming increasingly visible in transgender healthcare and research. However, little is known about the various gender identities of transgender adolescents - whether they are stable or fluid and which factors influence their gender experience.

Binary and Non-binary Gender Identities, Internalizing Problems, and Treatment Wishes Among Adolescents Referred to a Gender Identity Clinic in Germany.

Clinical research on transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) adolescents has focused on binary individuals or often not differentiated among gender identities. Recent studies suggest that a considerable proportion of TGNC adolescents identify as non-binary and that these youth report more internalizing problems as well as different transition-related medical treatment wishes than binary adolescents. However, the results are inconclusive, and data for the German-speaking area are lacking.

Not social transition status, but peer relations and family functioning predict psychological functioning in a German clinical sample of children with Gender Dysphoria.

Research provides inconclusive results on whether a social gender transition (e.g. name, pronoun, and clothing changes) benefits transgender children or children with a Gender Dysphoria (GD) diagnosis.

Psychosocial health in adolescents and young adults with gender dysphoria before and after gender-affirming medical interventions: a descriptive study from the Hamburg Gender Identity Service.

Empirical evidence concerning the psychosocial health outcomes after puberty suppression and gender-affirming (GA) medical interventions of adolescents with gender dysphoria (GD) is scarce. The aim of the present study was to describe how dimensions of psychosocial health were distributed among different intervention groups of adolescents with a GD diagnosis from the Hamburg Gender Identity Service before and after treatment. Participants included n = 75 adolescents and young adults from a clinical cohort sample, measured at their initial intake and on average 2 years later (M treatment duration = 21.

A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study of Multidimensional Body Image in Adolescents and Adults with Gender Dysphoria Before and After Transition-Related Medical Interventions.

Persistent feelings of gender dysphoria (GD) are accompanied by distress and body dissatisfaction in most clinically referred adolescents and adults. Transition-related medical interventions (e.g.

[Care of children and adolescents with gender dysphoria in the context of an interdisciplinary special consultation service].

In Germany, the situation of health care services for children and adolescents with gender dysphoria is insufficient. In 2006 a specialized multiprofessional outpatient clinic was founded at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. Goals were improvement of health services for gender dysphoric children, development of treatment concepts, and gain of knowledge through research.

Airways, respiration, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia during picture viewing.

Emotional stimuli can cause airway constriction; however, it is uncertain whether a dimensional or categorical model of emotion can better describe airway changes. Also, little is known about the affective modulation of respiration and vagal activity, which can influence airway tone. We studied changes in oscillatory resistance (Ros), respiration, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in asthmatics and controls during viewing of affective pictures eliciting anxiety, depression, disgust, happiness, contentment, erotic tension, or neutral affect.