Applications of natural language processing tools in the surgical journey.

Background: Natural language processing tools are becoming increasingly adopted in multiple industries worldwide. They have shown promising results however their use in the field of surgery is under-recognised. Many trials have assessed these benefits in small settings with promising results before large scale adoption can be considered in surgery.

Evaluation of Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds for Control the Plant Parasitic Nematode .

Plant parasitic nematodes are a serious threat to crop production worldwide and their control is extremely challenging. Fungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) provide an ecofriendly alternative to synthetic nematicides, many of which have been withdrawn due to the risks they pose to humans and the environment. This study investigated the biocidal properties of two fungal VOCs, 1-Octen-3-ol and 3-Octanone, against the widespread root-knot nematode .

Efficacy of Azadirachtin in the Integrated Management of the Root Knot Nematode on Short- and Long-Cycle Crops.

Activity of azadirachtin on phytoparasitic nematodes has been documented for some decades, but the relationship between its nematicidal efficacy and crop cycle length has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an azadirachtin-based nematicide, for controlling the infestation of the root-knot nematode , on the short- and long-cycle crops, lettuce and tomato, respectively. Experiments on lettuce and tomato were carried out in a greenhouse infested by , including non-treated soil, or treated with the nematicide fluopyram, as controls.

The FLOTAC basic technique as a new extraction method for root-knot nematodes ( spp.) from soil and roots.

FLOTAC Techniques have been widely acknowledged as an effective method for the extraction of human and animal parasites. The present study is the first application of FLOTAC basic technique (FBT) for the extraction of phytoparasitic nematodes from soil and infested plant roots. Eggs and second stage juveniles (J) of the root-knot nematode were extracted from infested soil and tomato roots either by FBT and conventional nematode extraction methods, such as centrifugal flotation and root maceration techniques, respectively.

Selection of Bacterial Strains for Control of Root-Knot Disease Caused by .

Root-knot disease caused by leads to significant crop yield losses that may be aggravated by the association with pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Biological agents can be effectively used against the complex disease of root-knot nematode and pathogenic fungi. In this study, 35 bacterial strains were analyzed for their in vitro nematicidal, antagonistic and growth stimulation activities.

Bacteria as Biocontrol Tool against Phytoparasitic Nematodes.

Phytoparasitic nematodes cause severe damage and yield losses to numerous agricultural crops. Considering the revision of the EU legislation on the use of pesticides on agricultural crops, control strategies with low environmental impact are required. The approach based on the use of bacteria seems particularly promising as it also helps to reduce the applied amounts of chemicals and stabilize ecological changes.

Suppressiveness of Soil Amendments with Pelleted Plant Materials on the Root-knot Nematode .

Soil treatments with formulated plant biomasses or waste materials can be an effective alternative to green manure crops for a sustainable management of root-knot nematode infestations. The suppressive performance of soil amendments with three commercial formulations of defatted seed meal from , dry biomass of and pressed pulp from was comparatively evaluated on the root knot nematode both on potted and field tomato (cv. Regina) trials.

Plant Health and Rhizosphere Microbiome: Effects of the Bionematicide in Tomato Plants Infested by .

The artificial introduction in the soil of antagonistic microorganisms can be a successful strategy, alternative to agrochemicals, for the control of the root-knot nematodes ( spp.) and for preserving plant health. On the other hand, plant roots and the associated rhizosphere constitute a complex system in which the contribution of microbial community is fundamental to plant health and development, since microbes may convert organic and inorganic substances into available plant nutrients.

Electron-Deficient Alkynes as Powerful Tools against Root-Knot Nematode : Nematicidal Activity and Investigation on the Mode of Action.

The present study reports on the powerful nematicidal activity of a series of electron-deficient alkynes against the root-knot nematode (Kofoid and White) Chitwood. Interestingly, we found that the conjugation of electron-withdrawing carbonyl groups to an alkyne triple bond was extremely proficient in inducing nematode paralysis and death. In particular, dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate (), 3-butyn-2-one (), and methyl propiolate (), with EC of 1.

Abamectin Efficacy on the Potato Cyst Nematode .

The potato cyst nematode is a major pest of the potato crop. Abamectin is a biological pesticide showing high nematicide activity, but its efficacy to control has not been investigated to date. In this study, combination of different abamectin concentrations ranging from 1.

Effect of Coffee Silver Skin and Brewers' Spent Grain in the Control of Root-knot Nematodes.

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are important pests of numerous agricultural crops especially vegetables, able to cause remarkable yield losses correlated to soil nematode population densities at sowing or transplant. The concern on environmental risks, stemming from the use of chemical pesticides acting as nematicides, compels to their replacement with more sustainable pest control strategies. To verify the effect of aqueous extracts of the agro-industry waste coffee silverskin (CS) and brewers' spent grain (BSG) on the widespread root-knot nematode , and on the physiology of tomato plants, a pot experiment was carried out in a glasshouse at 25 ± 2 °C.

Untargeted Metabolomics of Tomato Plants after Root-Knot Nematode Infestation.

After 2 months from the infestation of tomato plants with the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita, we performed a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry untargeted fingerprint analysis for the identification of characteristic metabolites and biomarkers. Principal component analysis, and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis suggested dramatic local changes of the plant metabolome. In the case of tomato leaves, β-alanine, phenylalanine, and melibiose were induced in response to RKN stimuli, while ribose, glycerol, myristic acid, and palmitic acid were reduced.

Potent Nematicidal Activity of Maleimide Derivatives on Meloidogyne incognita.

Different maleimide derivatives were synthesized and assayed for their in vitro activity on the soil inhabiting, plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, also known as root-knot nematode. The compounds maleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-isopropylmaleimide, and N-isobutylmaleimide showed the strongest nematicidal activity on the second stage juveniles of the root-knot nematode with EC50/72h values of 2.6 ± 1.

Ozonated water reduces susceptibility in tomato plants to Meloidogyne incognita by the modulation of the antioxidant system.

Few studies have been carried out on the effect of ozonated water (O wat) on the oxidative stress of root systems and, in particular, in combination with biotic stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether aqueous ozone is effective in the control of root-knot nematode (RKN) infection and to investigate the concomitant changes in the basal defence system. A tomato cultivar susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita was treated with O wat as a soil drench.

Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on functional and strength recovery of handgrip in patients affected by epicondylitis.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is effective in the treatment of tendinopathy. We designed a prospective observational clinical study to assess the correlation between clinical and functional measures and recovery of strength after ESWT for epicondylitis. We analyzed 26 patients.

Tulipaline A: structure-activity aspects as a nematicide and V-ATPase inhibitor.

Carbonyl groups are known to form covalent adducts with endogenous proteins, but so far, their nematicidal mechanism of action of has been overlooked. The nematicidal activity of ten lactones was tested in vitro against the root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogynearenaria. In particular, the saturated lactones α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone or tulipaline A (1) and γ-butyrolactone (3) were active against M.

Pathogenicity and Host-Parasite Relationships of Heterodera cruciferae in Cabbage.

Stunted cabbage ('Lupini') associated with severe soil infestations by a cyst-forming nematode were observed in large patches of open fields in Castellaneta, province of Taranto, southern Italy. Morphological traits based on mature cysts, males, and second-stage juveniles (J2s) and molecular analysis of ribosomal DNA (D2 to D3 expansion segments of 28S and internal transcribed spacer [ITS]1 region) were used to identify the species. ITS1 sequence information supported the identity of Heterodera cruciferae, also showing a high degree of similarity to other species of the Heterodera Goettingiana group, including H.

Potent nematicidal activity of phthalaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and cinnamic aldehyde against Meloidogyne incognita.

The nematicidal activity of selected aromatic aldehydes was tested against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. The most active aldehyde was phthalaldehyde (1) with an EC(50) value of 11 ± 6 mg/L followed by salicylaldehyde (2) and cinnamic aldehyde (3) with EC(50) values of 11 ± 1 and 12 ± 5 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, structurally related aldehydes such as 2-methoxybenzaldehyde (21), 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, and vanillin (23) were not active at the concentration of 1000 mg/L.

Nematicidal activity of 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and methylisothiocyanate from caper (Capparis spinosa) against Meloidogyne incognita.

New pesticides based on plant extracts have recently gained interest in the development of nontoxic crop protection chemicals. Numerous research studies are focused on the isolation and identification of new active compounds derived from plants. In this manuscript we report about the use of the Mediterranean species Capparis spinosa as a potent natural nematicidal agent against the root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita.

Evaluation of counter movement jump parameters in young male soccer players.

Purpose: The Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) is widely used as a field test to evaluate the muscular explosive power of lower limbs in various sports, including soccer. The aim of the present study was to verify the possibility to discriminate the effect of training level and age on young adult male soccer players, adopting the flight time, the peak force, or the peak power obtained from a countermovement jump.

Methods: One hundred and twenty three young male soccer players were enrolled in the study; the participants were split into groups according to Tanner's stages (pre- and post-pubertal) and training level (high and low activity).

Relevance of orthostatic posturography for clinical evaluation of hip and knee joint arthroplasty patients.

In order to verify whether orthostatic posturography (OP) can support clinical assessment of total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA), 81 subjects with THA and 100 with TKA were recruited and compared with 59 healthy volunteers. All patients were tested one or two days prior to surgery; 42 subjects (20 THA and 22 TKA) were tested again after six months, and 34 (14 THA and 20 TKA) yet again after 12 months. OP was performed using a Kistler 9286A piezoelectric force plate and the following postural parameters (PPs) were adopted on account of their functional meaning: mean velocity and the root mean square of the distance of the centre of pressure (CoP), sway area, and 95% of the CoP power frequency.

Power output estimation in vertical jump performed by young male soccer players.

The purpose of the study was (a) to assess the accuracy of the regression equations available in the literature to estimate the actual peak power (PPac) of the countermovement jump (CMJ) executed by young male soccer players, (b) to develop new regression equations from this population, and (c) to verify whether regression equations obtained from age-based subgroups could increase the accuracy of the estimation (PPes) of PPac. In all, 117 young players (age: 13.6 ± 2.

Evaluation of standing vertical jump by ankles acceleration measurement.

The use of accelerometers is discussed to evaluate standing vertical jump. Two accelerometers, mounted on each ankle and connected to a wearable system, were used for signal acquisition, and a piezoelectric platform was used to verify the results. Fifty-one subjects were enrolled, subdivided into a group of healthy subjects and 2 groups who had different surgery for Achilles tendon rupture.

Comparative functional analysis of two different achilles tendon surgical repairs.

Background: A number of different surgical procedures have been developed to treat Achilles tendon injuries including open and mini-invasive type. The aim of the present work was to compare the functional outcome of two different techniques, applying a clinical and instrumented protocol.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-one subjects were enrolled in the study.

Effect of water, soil temperatures, and exposure times on the survival of the sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii.

ABSTRACT The effect of different combinations of temperatures and exposure times on the mortality of Heterodera schachtii eggs was assessed in two different experiments under laboratory conditions. In the first experiment, cysts in water were exposed to 25, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.