Factors Associated with Defecation Satisfaction among Japanese Adults with Chronic Constipation.

Constipation causes substantial morbidity worldwide. This survey assessed constipation-related factors in Japan using the Japanese version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL-J) instrument. We also examined the relationship among laxative type, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) scores, and treatment cost.

Gender Difference in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Japanese Population: Polysomnography and Sleep Questionnaire Study.

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is generally common among males and is an established risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. As the population ages, the prevalence of α-synucleinopathy (such as Parkinson's disease) is increasing. Additionally, the number of female patients is increasing in Japan.

Association between Rapid Eye Movement Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Syndrome in a Japanese Population.

Objective Rapid eye movement (REM) obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by apnea and hypopnea events due to airway collapse occurring predominantly or exclusively during REM sleep. OSA is a potential risk factor for metabolic dysfunction. However, the association between REM OSA and risk of adverse health outcomes remains unclear.

Advanced emergency braking system reduces the risk of motor vehicle collisions caused by falling asleep while driving in patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea leads to excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction, which are risk factors for motor vehicle collisions. We aimed to clarify if vehicles with an advanced emergency braking system could reduce motor vehicle collisions caused by falling asleep while driving among patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea. We enrolled patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea who underwent polysomnography.

Efficacy of a Combination Therapy for Difficulties Waking Up in Non-School-Attending Students.

School non-attendance due to difficulties waking up is increasing in Japan, and affected students are commonly diagnosed with orthostatic dysregulation (OD); however, OD-associated sleep problems are overlooked. To date, no sleep-medicine-based treatment for wake-up difficulties in non-school-attending students has been established. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel combination therapy for these students.

Nocturnal Blood Pressure Fluctuations in Patients with Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea (REM-related OSA) is a polysomnographic phenotype. Nocturnal blood pressure (BP) fluctuations remain unclear in patients with REM-related OSA. We studied 27 patients with REM-related OSA, categorized as having REM-apnea-hypopnea index (REM-AHI) ≥ 5/h, REM-AHI/non-REM-AHI ≥ 2, and non-REM-AHI < 15/h.

Understanding the Associations of Prenatal Androgen Exposure on Sleep Physiology, Circadian Proteins, Anthropometric Parameters, Hormonal Factors, Quality of Life, and Sex Among Healthy Young Adults: Protocol for an International, Multicenter Study.

Background: The ratio of the second finger length to the fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is considered to be negatively correlated with prenatal androgen exposure (PAE) and positively correlated with prenatal estrogen. Coincidentally, various brain regions are sensitive to PAE, and their functions in adults may be influenced by the prenatal actions of sex hormones.

Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between PAE (indicated by the 2D:4D ratio) and various physiological (sex hormone levels and sleep-wake parameters), psychological (mental health), and sexual parameters in healthy young adults.

Estimated respiratory arousal threshold in patients with rapid eye movement obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Rapid eye movement (REM) obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent clinical phenotype. However, the literature focusing on the pathophysiology of REM OSA is limited. This study compared the proportion of individuals with a low respiratory arousal threshold between patients with REM and non-REM OSA.

Insomnia as a Symptom of Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Rapid eye movement (REM)-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a polysomnographic phenotype that affects 12-36% of OSA patients, is defined by apnea and hypopnea events that predominantly or exclusively occur during REM sleep. Recent studies indicated that REM-related OSA was associated with the development of nocturnal non-dipping of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and depressive symptoms. However, to date, the association between REM-related OSA and insomnia still remains unclear.

Treatment outcome of oral appliance in patients with REM-related obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Oral appliances (OA) are used to treat patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of OA treatment in patients with rapid eye movement (REM)-related OSA.

Methods: Forty-six patients with REM-related OSA and 107 with non-stage-specific OSA were prescribed OA treatment after diagnosis by polysomnography (PSG) and a follow-up sleep test by PSG was conducted.

Prevalence of Rapid Eye Movement-related Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adult Narcolepsy.

Objective The association between narcolepsy and rapid eye movement (REM)-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been reported. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of REM-related OSA in narcolepsy patients. Methods From January 2013 to April 2018, 141 adult patients were diagnosed with narcolepsy using nocturnal polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test.

Impact of Gender and Age on Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Clinical Study of 3234 Japanese OSA Patients.

Rapid eye movement (REM)-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by apnea and hypopnea events due to airway collapse occurring predominantly or exclusively during REM sleep. Previous studies have reported that REM-related OSA occurs more commonly in women and younger individuals. However, external validity of this tendency has not been confirmed in a large clinical sample.

Effect of rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure.

Objective Rapid eye movement (REM)-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by respiratory events such as apnea and hypopnea predominately or exclusively during REM sleep. Several studies have revealed clinical predictors of adherence to the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, the effect of REM-related OSA on adherence to CPAP use remains unclear.

Polysomnographic parameters during non-rapid eye movement sleep predict continuous positive airway pressure adherence.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential polysomnographic predictors of CPAP adherence using polysomnographic parameters at the time of obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis that distinguished between REM and NREM sleep. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 173 patients. Patients who used CPAP for more than 4 hours per night for at least 70% of nights over a 6-month period were considered to have good adherence.

[Polysomnography].

Polysomnography (PSG) is performed under monitoring each parameters include EEG derivations, EOG derivations, chin EMG, leg EMG derivations, airflow signals, respiratory effort signals, oxygen saturation, body position and EGG and checking digital video and audio. From these recordings, the sleep quality, sleep-disordered breathing, circulatory status and presence of parasomnia were evaluated. PSGs were based on the criteria "The AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events" published in 2007 detailed about technical specification and scoring rules for adult and pediatric.

Risk factors for automobile accidents caused by falling asleep while driving in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Purpose: We examined the risk factors for automobile accidents caused by falling asleep while driving in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: We asked licensed drivers with history of snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness who had undergone polysomnography (PSG) at the Department of Sleep Medicine/Sleep Disorders Center at Aichi Medical University Hospital to complete the questionnaires on accidents caused by falling asleep while driving. As a subjective measure of sleepiness, we used the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).

Effective three-dimensional evaluation analysis of upper airway form during oral appliance therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

The oral appliance (OA) is considered to be an effective treatment modality for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Upper airway enlargement during OA therapy is critical, and lateral cephalometry has been used for the two-dimensional evaluation of upper airway form during this therapy. However, this method cannot provide an accurate three-dimensional (3D) view of upper airway form.

Association between pupillometric sleepiness measures and sleep latency derived by MSLT in clinically sleepy patients.

Objectives: The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) has been employed extensively in clinical and research settings as a gold standard for objectively measuring sleepiness. In a general population or in a variety of work settings, however, a more convenient, rapidly administered measuring method is preferable. We examined the potential utility of pupillometry by comparing its objective measures, pupillary unrest index (PUI) and relative pupillary unrest index (RPUI), with MSLT-derived sleep latency (SL).

[A sleep disordered breathing as the lifestyle-related diseases].

Lifestyle related disease is a generic term for diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and cancer caused by life style or life habit, and one of its fundamental causes is obesity. The reason why most people put on weight after their middle age is mainly because of the increase of visceral fat by the decrease in basal metabolism and the amount of momentum despite of unchanging appetite. Due to this sequence of weight gain, after middle age upper respiratory tract becomes narrower, and it worsens obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Glucose intolerance in Japanese patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) often accompanies obesity and diabetes mellitus. This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of glucose intolerance and to determine independent predictors for insulin resistance in patients with OSAS.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 679 OSAS patients with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>or=5/h and 73 controls subjects (AHI<5/h) was done in a tertiary university-based medical center.