Automated scoring of glomerular injury in TNS2-deficient nephropathy.

Several artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been developed for glomerular pathology analysis in clinical settings. However, the application of AI systems in nonclinical fields remains limited. In this study, we trained a convolutional neural network model, which is an AI algorithm, to classify the severity of Tensin 2 (TNS2)-deficient nephropathy into seven categories.

CD14+ Dendritic-Shaped Cells Functioning as Dendritic Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Tissues.

Objective: We previously reported that CD14+ dendritic-shaped cells exhibit a dendritic morphology, engage in pseudo-emperipolesis with lymphocytes, and express CD90 in the perivascular areas of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissues. However, it remains unclear whether these CD14CD90 cells function as dendritic cells. In this study, we investigated the dendritic cell-differentiation potential of CD14CD90 cells.

One-Year Outcome of Drug-Coated Balloon vs. Drug-Eluting Stent in Patients Undergoing Initial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) for De Novo Lesion.

Background: Drug-eluting stents (DES) are the major treatment option in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Recently, drug-coated balloon (DCB) utilization has been increasing globally, leading to the expected new strategy of "stent-less PCI." This study aimed to evaluate the one-year outcome of DCB compared to DES.

Noise reduction of electron holography observations for a thin-foiled Nd-Fe-B specimen using the wavelet hidden Markov model.

In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of noise reduction in electron holography, based on the wavelet hidden Markov model (WHMM), which allows the reasonable separation of weak signals from noise. Electron holography observations from a NdFeB thin foil showed that the noise reduction method suppressed artificial phase discontinuities generated by phase retrieval. From the peak signal-to-noise ratio, it was seen that the impact of denoising was significant for observations with a narrow spacing of interference fringes, which is a key parameter for the spatial resolution of electron holography.

Tryptophan metabolism and small fibre neuropathy: a correlation study.

Small nerve fibres located in the epidermis sense pain. Dysfunction of these fibres decreases the pain threshold known as small fibre neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by metabolic changes other than glucose, synergistically eliciting small fibre neuropathy.

How should visual function monitoring be performed and interpreted in surgery for suprasellar tumors?

Objective: Preservation of visual function is important in surgery for suprasellar tumors. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are expected to play an important role in monitoring visual function during surgery. Given the lack of information in this field, the authors aimed to investigate the effects of optic nerve compression caused by suprasellar tumors to understand the possible usefulness of VEP monitoring using off-response (OFR) VEP.

Conditional deficiency of Rho-associated kinases disrupts endothelial cell junctions and impairs respiratory function in adult mice.

The Ras homology (Rho) family of GTPases serves various functions, including promotion of cell migration, adhesion, and transcription, through activation of effector molecule targets. One such pair of effectors, the Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCK1 and ROCK2), induce reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion through substrate phosphorylation. Studies on ROCK knockout mice have confirmed that ROCK proteins are essential for embryonic development, but their physiological functions in adult mice remain unknown.

Manual rolling load and low back pain among workers in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Manual rolling of heavy objects remains in the workplace. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in the United Kingdom recommends load weights of <400 kg in the rolling task. However, the association of rolling weights <400 kg with work-related low back pain (LBP) has not been sufficiently investigated.

Outcomes of 6-mm diameter fully covered self-expandable metal stents for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer.

Background: 10-mm self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) are commonly used for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer. However, smaller diameter SEMSs have attracted attention with the attempt to reduce stent-related adverse events (AEs).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive borderline resectable pancreatic cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and fully covered SEMS (FCSEMS) placement from April 2015 to May 2023.

Medium-chain triglyceride-specific appetite is regulated by the β-oxidation of medium-chain fatty acids in the liver.

Most studies on fat appetite have focused on long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) due to their obesogenic properties. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), conversely, exhibit antiobesogenic effects; however, the regulation of MCT intake remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mice can distinguish between MCTs and LCTs, and the specific appetite for MCTs is governed by hepatic β-oxidation.

Upregulated expression of glucose transporter isoform 1 in invasive and metastatic extramammary Paget's disease.

Glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1), which is upregulated in a variety of malignant tumors, facilitates cellular glucose uptake to boost rapid tumor growth and progression. In several types of cancer, inhibition of GLUT1 suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis, indicating that GLUT1 is a potential target of anticancer therapy. The present study performed immunohistochemistry to analyze GLUT1 expression levels in 51 patients with extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), including 23 with only intraepidermal lesions and 28 with dermal-invasive lesions.

Vortioxetine-induced syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: A case report.

Background: Vortioxetine, known for its efficacy in treating depression through its effects on various neurotransmitters, has not been previously reported to induce syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).

Case Presentation: This case report describes a 74-year-old man with major depressive disorder who developed SIADH 1 week after starting treatment with vortioxetine. SIADH is characterized by symptoms such as headache, nausea, disorientation, and seizures, stemming from hyponatremia (123 mEq/L), without dehydration or edema.

Narrow QRS ectopy with concealed connections from a para-Hisian origin to the proximal left fascicles.

Introduction: Catheter ablation of ectopy originating from the vicinity of the His bundle can be challenging.

Methods And Results: We report a case of a 33-year-old man with narrow QRS ectopy with preferential conduction from a para-Hisian origin to the proximal left fascicles, which was successfully eliminated by radiofrequency ablation in the right coronary cusp, guided by ultrahigh-resolution mapping of the His bundle, bundle branch, and fascicular electrograms.

Conclusion: Some narrow QRS ectopy may originate from the vicinity of the conduction system, instead of the "true" conduction system, and have concealed connections from its origin to the conduction system.

Discrimination between healthy participants and people with panic disorder based on polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders and for intermediate phenotypes using machine learning.

Objective: Panic disorder is a modestly heritable condition. Currently, diagnosis is based only on clinical symptoms; identifying objective biomarkers and a more reliable diagnostic procedure is desirable. We investigated whether people with panic disorder can be reliably diagnosed utilizing combinations of multiple polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders and their intermediate phenotypes, compared with single polygenic score approaches, by applying specific machine learning techniques.

Design and fabrication of a liquid crystal polarization grating for mid- and far-infrared wavelengths.

A lot of research on liquid crystal polarization gratings (LCPGs) that can separate circularly polarized light with 100% diffraction efficiency has been conducted in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions. In this paper, we tried to design and fabricate the LCPGs that are available for use in the mid- and far-infrared (MIR and FIR) wavelength regions. The materials for making LCPGs were selected in view of low absorption characteristics measured by the use of a Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer.