The BMAL1/HIF2A heterodimer modulates circadian variations of myocardial injury.

Acute myocardial infarction stands as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the severity of cardiac injury following myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian pattern, with larger infarct sizes and poorer outcomes in patients experiencing morning onset myocardial infarctions. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern circadian variations of myocardial injury remain unclear.

Distinct Stress-Dependent Signatures of Cellular and Extracellular tRNA-Derived Small RNAs.

The cellular response to stress is an important determinant of disease pathogenesis. Uncovering the molecular fingerprints of distinct stress responses may identify novel biomarkers and key signaling pathways for different diseases. Emerging evidence shows that transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs) play pivotal roles in stress responses.

Single-Cell Multiomics Reveals Clonal T-Cell Expansions and Exhaustion in Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm.

The immune system represents a major barrier to cancer progression, driving the evolution of immunoregulatory interactions between malignant cells and T-cells in the tumor environment. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare acute leukemia with plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) differentiation, provides a unique opportunity to study these interactions. pDCs are key producers of interferon alpha (IFNA) that play an important role in T-cell activation at the interface between the innate and adaptive immune system.

Novel and Annotated Long Noncoding RNAs Associated with Ischemia in the Human Heart.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to identify novel lncRNAs associated with the early response to ischemia in the heart.

Methods And Results: RNA sequencing data gathered from 81 paired left ventricle samples from patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass was collected before and after a period of ischemia.

Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes in Non-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Centers: Implications for Tier-Based Systems of Care.

Background: With wide expansion of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and dissemination of multidisciplinary-based approaches to care, societies are discussing the implementation of a tier system to valve centers. This study explores the impact of tier-based systems of care on surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) outcomes at institutions that perform SAVR only.

Methods: Medicare beneficiaries undergoing SAVR procedures from 2012 to 2015 were included.

Incidence and predictors of postoperative ischemic stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Data on the incidence and outcomes of ischemic stroke in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the current era are limited. The goal of this study was to examine contemporary trends, predictors, and outcomes of ischemic stroke following CABG in a large nationally representative database over a 12-year-period.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify all adult (≥18 years) patients who underwent CABG between 2004 and 2015.

Long-term Outcomes of Aortic Valve Replacement With Aortic Homograft: 27 Years Experience.

Background: Aortic homografts have been used in young patients requiring aortic valve replacement. Currently, these grafts are generally reserved for aortic valve endocarditis with or without root abscess; however, longitudinal data are lacking. Our aim was to assess the long-term safety and durability of homograft implantation.

Wound complications and 30-day readmissions after single and bilateral internal mammary grafting: Analysis of the Nationwide Readmissions Database.

Background: This study compares the postoperative outcomes, 30-day readmission rates, and incidence of sternal wound infection-related readmissions between patients receiving bilateral internal mammary arteries (BIMA) and single internal mammary artery (SIMA) grafting during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: We utilized the weighted 2013-2014 National Readmission Database claims to identify all US adult patients who underwent CABG utilizing SIMA (n = 279,891) or BIMA (n = 11,651). Thirty-day overall and wound-related readmissions, in-hospital outcomes, costs, lengths of stay (LOS) at readmissions were compared between the two groups.

Sex-based differences in mitral valve Re-operation after mitral valve repair: Truth or myth?

Background: Outcomes after mitral valve (MV) repair are known to be worse in women. Less is known about sex-based differences in MV repair durability.

Methods: All adult patients undergoing MV repair from 2002 to 2016 were reviewed.

The impact of hospital size on national trends and outcomes in isolated open proximal aortic surgery.

Objective: To determine the impact of hospital size on national trend estimates of isolated open proximal aortic surgery for benchmarking hospital performance.

Methods: Patients age >18 years who underwent isolated open proximal aortic surgery for aneurysm and dissection from 2002 to 2014 were identified using the National Inpatient Sample. Concomitant valvular, vessel revascularization, re-do procedures, endovascular, and surgery for descending and thoracoabdominal aorta were excluded.

Outcomes After Tricuspid Valve Repair With Ring Versus Suture Bicuspidization Annuloplasty.

Background: Ring annuloplasty (Ring) and suture bicuspidization annuloplasty (Suture-bicuspidization) are 2 techniques for tricuspid valve repair. With the emergence of transcatheter tricuspid valve repair technologies that mimic these conventional surgical techniques, we compared their midterm outcomes and longitudinal echocardiographic profiles.

Methods: From 2002 to 2016, 650 patients underwent tricuspid valve repair (324 Ring and 326 Suture-bicuspidization) for primary or functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR).

Transcatheter vs surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with interstitial lung disease.

Background: Patients with underlying interstitial lung disease (ILD) who undergo cardiac surgery are at high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. It remains unclear if transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) offers any benefit over surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in ILD patients with severe aortic stenosis.

Methods: All adult patients with a diagnosis of ILD who underwent either a TAVR or isolated SAVR between January 2002 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Myocardial preservation methods in isolated minimal invasive mitral valve surgery: Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) database outcomes.

Objective: Minimal invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) has become a commonly used approach for mitral valve surgery. Several techniques of myocardial preservation were described in patients undergoing MIMVS. We aim to evaluate preservation technique and short term outcomes.