Efficacy of flexible ureterorenoscopy in treating multiple renal stones: a cohort study.

Introduction: While the efficacy of flexible ureterorenoscopy (URS) in managing solitary kidney stones (KSs) is widely acknowledged, its effectiveness in treating multiple stones has scarcely been investigated. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) utilizing flexible URS and laser lithotripsy in the management of multiple KSs.  Methods: This study was a single-group cohort study conducted on patients with multiple KSs who underwent treatment with RIRS using flexible URS and laser lithotripsy.

Evaluation of mini-PCNL and RIRS for renal stones 1-2 cm in an economically challenged setting: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) are viable options for the treatment of renal calculi 1-2 cm. Both have their pros and cons, but also vary in costs. We aimed to evaluate them in an economically challenged setting.

Is Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy a Game Changer for the Treatment of Renal Stones in Children?

Background: Mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) is a newer surgical procedure that has changed the management of paediatric renal stones.

Objective: To evaluate MPCNL morbidity and success rates for renal stones as a function of patient age in a paediatric cohort.

Design Setting And Participants: This was a retrospective case series that included 143 consecutive patients younger than 17 yr who underwent MPCNL at our institution between January 2016 and November 2020.

Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder; A case report.

Introduction: Mullerianosis is a sporadic condition of the urinary bladder. The study aims to present a case of mullerianosis with a brief literature review.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old lady presented with hematuria for one-year duration.

Sheathless and fluoroscopy-free retrograde intrarenal surgery: An attractive way of renal stone management in high-volume stone centers.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sheathless and fluoroscopy-free flexible ureterorenoscopic laser lithotripsy (FURSL) for treating renal stones.

Methods: Between May 2015 and May 2017, 135 patients with renal stones treated with sheathless and fluoroscopy-free FURSL were prospectively evaluated. Our technique involved a semi-rigid ureteroscopic assessment of the ureter, and the guidewire was left to railroad the flexible ureteroscope.

ABO Blood Groups and Thrombophilia Markers in Patients With Unstimulated Thrombosis in Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Thromboembolism (TE) is a complex disease caused by various acquired and inherited factors. The common mutations; factor V Leiden G1691A (FVL G1691A), prothrombin G20210A (PTG20210A), and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR C677T) are important inherited causes in both venous and arterial thrombosis. The association between ABO blood groups and thrombophilia has been noted by researchers.

Identification of the Intron 22 and Intron 1 Inversions of the Factor VIII Gene in Iraqi Kurdish Patients With Hemophilia A.

Hemophilia A (HA) is a severe coagulation disorder affecting 1 in 5000 to 10 000 male births. In severe cases, the most deleterious large DNA rearrangements are inversions of intron 22 (Inv22) and intron 1 (Inv1) of the factor VIII (FVIII) gene. These account for 40% to 50% and 1% to 5% of all causative mutations, respectively.

Mini- versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treatment of pediatric renal stones: is smaller enough?

Introduction: Miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has gained increased popularity owing to efforts in recent years to lower peri-operative morbidity while maintaining a high stone-free rate (SFR).

Objective: The outcomes of pediatric renal stones treated by mini-PCNL (MPCNL) versus standard PCNL (SPCNL) were retrospectively assessed.

Study Design: A retrospective data analysis of 134 consecutive patients younger than 17 years who underwent PCNL between January 2014 and July 2018 was performed.

Application of Indirect Linkage Analysis for Carrier Detection of Hemophilia A in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Usefulness of Intron 18 BclI T>A, Intron 19 HindIII C>T, and IVS7 nt27 G>A Markers.

Hemophilia A (HA) is the most common congenital X-linked coagulopathy caused by mutations in the factor VIII gene. One in 5000 to 10 000 male persons worldwide suffer from HA. It is the archetype of high-cost, low-volume disease.

Endourologic Management of a 15-Year-Old Neglected, Fragmented, and Encrusted Ureteral Stent.

Ureteral stents (Double-J stents) have been widely used in urology to prevent or relieve ureteral obstruction and have become an integral part of urologic practice. However, if ureteral stents are kept for a prolonged period or neglected, they can cause significant morbidity because of complications such as stent migration, encrustation, occlusion, stone formation, and fragmentation. Therefore, it is crucial to remove stents as soon as possible after they have served their purpose, to prevent complications and morbidity.

Renal Vein Injury During Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Procedure.

Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy is an important approach for removing kidney stones. Puncturing and dilatation are two mandatory steps in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Uncommonly, during dilatation, the dilators can cause direct injury to the main renal vein or to their tributaries.