Ultrasound assessment of Achilles enthesitis: a dedicated training program.

Objective: To describe an intensive and multimodal ultrasound (US) training program focused on Achilles enthesitis and to illustrate the learning curve of trainees without experience.

Methods: Three medical students (trainees) and two rheumatologists experienced in musculoskeletal US (trainers) were involved in the training program, which encompassed one preliminary theoretical-practical meeting and five scanning sessions (two patients per session). The students and one expert performed the US examination of the Achilles enthesis bilaterally.

Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Concurrent Cancer: A Comprehensive Overview on a Challenging Clinical Condition.

The present review regarding atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) focused on the main debated factors regarding this challenging clinical condition: (i) predictive variables of occult endometrial cancer (EC); (ii) the rate of EC underestimation according to different endometrial sampling methods; and (iii) the appropriateness of lymph node status assessment. When cancer is detected, approximately 90% of cases include low-risk EC, although intermediate/high-risk cases have been found in 10-13% of women with cancer. Older age, diabetes, high BMI, and increased endometrial thickness are the most recurrent factors in women with EC.

HPV-Negative Adenocarcinomas of the Uterine Cervix: From Molecular Characterization to Clinical Implications.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. It is the leading cause of female deaths in developing countries. Most of these cervical neoplasms are represented by squamous lesions.

Development of a convolutional neural network for the identification and the measurement of the median nerve on ultrasound images acquired at carpal tunnel level.

Background: Deep learning applied to ultrasound (US) can provide a feedback to the sonographer about the correct identification of scanned tissues and allows for faster and standardized measurements. The most frequently adopted parameter for US diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome is the increasing of the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve. Our aim was to develop a deep learning algorithm, relying on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), for the localization and segmentation of the median nerve and the automatic measurement of its CSA on US images acquired at the proximal inlet of the carpal tunnel.

Learning-Based Median Nerve Segmentation From Ultrasound Images For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Evaluation.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Ultrasound imaging (US) may help to diagnose and assess CTS, through the evaluation of median nerve morphology. To support sonographers, this paper proposes a fully-automatic deep-learning approach to median nerve segmentation from US images.

Carcinoid tumor of the duodenum: a rare tumor at an unusual site. Case series from a single institution.

Context: Duodenal carcinoids are extremely rare, and their characteristics and biological behavior have not been fully elucidated.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with resected duodenal carcinoids.

Methods: Twenty patients (12 females and 8 males) were investigated.

Uncommon association of germline mutations of RET proto-oncogene and CDKN2A gene.

Introduction: Calcitonin measurement is advised in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, as it is an accurate marker of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). C-cell hyperplasia (CCH)-induced hypercalcitoninemia cannot be distinguished from that induced by MTC, unless surgery is performed.

Case: We report the clinical and biological features of a patient with a family history of cancer, including melanoma and pancreatic cancer, who had previously undergone surgery for melanoma.

Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma as cause of hypercalcemia and pitfall of localization techniques: clinical and biologic features.

Objective: To describe an unusual case of intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma (PC), which was retrospectively diagnosed in a woman who underwent surgical treatment of a recurrent nodular goiter.

Methods: We report the clinical and biologic features of an intrathyroidal PC, discuss the challenges with distinguishing PC from parathyroid adenoma, and review the related literature.

Results: A 67-year-old woman sought medical attention for dysphagia attributable to the recurrence of a normal functioning multinodular goiter.

[Role of echography in the diagnosis of visceral ischemic syndrome].

Personal experience of the current possibilities of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of visceral ischaemic syndrome is reported.

[Intramural diverticulosis of the gallbladder].

The authors report on 9 cases of acalculous adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder, selected to Arianoff's classification. The clinical, anatomopathological and radiological data are considered: there isn't difference concerning the clinical symptoms between adenomyomatosis and cholelithiasis; only radiological study may clarify the nature and character of these lesions. The authors conclude stressing the importance of surgical therapy because the medical therapy is only symptomatic and does not modify the natural evolution of the disease and its complications.

[Acute abdomen caused by retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma (indications of a clinical case)].

The authors describe a case of acute abdomen due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage in a patient suffering from perirenal hemangiopericytoma. They emphasize the rareness of such clinical picture and the difficulties involved in the radical surgical extirpation.

[Atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis. Report of a personal case].

A cause of cutaneou leishmaniosis is reported in which the similarities with ordinary dermatoses made differential diagnosis rather difficult. The patient's provenance from a endemic area and the exposed location of the lesions indicated leishmaniosis but conclusive diagnosis was only confirmed when the parasite was found in the lesion.

[Delayed intestinal cannulation in the postoperative period].

550 patients given abdominal or extra-abdominal surgery in the first six months of 1980 were examined to provide data on the incidence of delayed postoperative canalisation. Both general (sex, age, physical constitution) and surgical (extent of surgery, whether the peritoneal sac was opened) factors were considered. The data collected provide information on the prophylaxis and therapy of delayed postoperative canalisation.

[Bleeding Meckel's diverticulum. Apropos of a case diagnosed by scintigraphy].

Abdominal imaging after intravenous injection of 99m Tc pertechnetate is a simple diagnostic procedure to show ectopic gastric mucosa. A case of Meckel's diverticulum show by Technectium scanning is described. It is concluded that abdominal imaging is useful in the preoperative investigations for rectal bleeding.