Adherence to clinical care standards and mortality after hip fracture surgery in New South Wales, 2015-2018: a retrospective population-based study.

Objectives: To determine whether adherence to hip fracture clinical care quality indicators influences mortality among people who undergo surgery after hip fracture in New South Wales, both overall and by individual indicator.

Study Design: Retrospective population-based study; analysis of linked Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry (ANZHFR), hospital admissions, residential aged care, and deaths data.

Setting, Participants: People aged 50 years or older with hip fractures who underwent surgery in 21 New South Wales hospitals participating in the ANZHFR, 1 January 2015 - 31 December 2018.

Impact of comorbidities in severely injured patients with blunt chest injury: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Blunt chest injuries result in up to 10 % of major trauma admissions. Comorbidities can complicate recovery and increase the mortality rate in this patient cohort. A better understanding of the association between comorbidities and patient outcomes will facilitate enhanced models of care for particularly vulnerable groups of patients, such as older adults.

Cognitive remediation in residential substance use treatment: A randomized stepped-wedge trial.

Executive dysfunction is common in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) and presents a barrier to treatment engagement. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive remediation (CR) for improving executive functioning and treatment retention in patients with SUD, using a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. The sample included 527 adults enrolled across ten residential SUD treatment providers in NSW, Australia.

Real-time x-ray abnormality alerts for emergency departments using a radiographer comment model - a multisite pilot study.

Introduction: The timely communication of clinically significant image appearances to Emergency Department (ED) referrers is necessary for optimum patient care. Australian reliance on verbal communication only is time-limited, open to misinterpretation and lacks transparency. A combined radiographer alert and comment model was designed to reliably communicate image abnormalities to ED referrers in real-time.

Prehospital times and outcomes of patients transported using an ambulance trauma transport protocol: A data linkage analysis from New South Wales Australia.

Introduction: Prehospital trauma systems are designed to ensure optimal survival from critical injuries by triaging and transporting such patients to the most appropriate hospital in a timely manner.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate whether prehospital time and location (metropolitan versus non-metropolitan) were associated with 30-day mortality in a cohort of patients transported by road ambulance using a trauma transport protocol.

Methods: Data linkage analysis of routinely collected ambulance and hospital data across all public hospitals in New South Wales (NSW).

Evaluation of the New South Wales ambulance T1 major trauma transport protocol: A state-wide data linkage study.

Introduction: Prehospital triage and transport protocols are critical components of the trauma systems. Still, there have been limited studies evaluating the performance of trauma protocols in New South Wales, such as the NSW ambulance major Trauma transport protocol (T1).

Objectives: Determine the performance of a major trauma transport protocol in a cohort of ambulance road transports METHODS: A data-linkage study using routine ambulance and hospital datasets across New South Wales Australia.

Incidence of multiple organ failure in adult polytrauma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF) is the leading cause of late death in trauma patients. Although MOF was first described 50 years ago, its definition, epidemiology, and change in incidence over time are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the incidence of MOF in the context of different MOF definitions, study inclusion criteria, and its change over time.

Falls from ladders in New South Wales: A data-linkage study.

Introduction: Fall from ladders is increasingly identified as a significant cause of injury and mortality, yet large-scale research into ladder fall outcomes and trends is limited.

Objectives: To explore the nature and severity of injuries resulting from ladder falls and to determine predictors of Injury Severity Score (ISS) and 6-month mortality.

Methods: Data were obtained from the New South Wales (NSW) Trauma Registry, Admitted Patient Data Collection and Registry of Births, Deaths, and Marriages on patients aged 15 and over who had major trauma from a ladder fall and were admitted to hospital between January 1st, 2012, and July 31st, 2019.

Fabrication and characterization of novel polyhydroxybutyrate-keratin/nanohydroxyapatite electrospun fibers for bone tissue engineering applications.

The role of scaffolds in bone regeneration is of great importance. Here, the electrospun scaffolds of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)-keratin (PHB-K)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) with different morphologies (long nanorods (HAR) and very short nanorods (HAP)) and weight percentages (up to 10 w/w%) of nHA were fabricated and characterized. The fibers integrity, the porosity of above 80%, and increase in pore size up to 16 μm were observed by adding nHA.

Impact of comorbidities on survival following major injury across different types of road users.

Background: While comorbidities and types of road users are known to influence survival in people hospitalised with injury, few studies have examined the association between comorbidities and survival in people injured in road traffic crashes. Further, few studies have examined outcomes across different types of road users with different types of pre-existing comorbidities. This study aims to examine differences in survival within 30 days of admission among different road user types with and without different pre-existing comorbidities.

Review article: Effectiveness and risks of cricoid pressure during rapid sequence induction for endotracheal intubation in the emergency department: A systematic review.

The use of cricoid pressure (CP) to prevent aspiration during rapid sequence induction (RSI) has become controversial, although CP is considered central to the practice of RSI. There is insufficient research to support its efficacy in reducing aspiration, and emerging concerns it reduces the first-pass success (FPS) of intubation. This systematic review aims to assess the safety and efficacy of CP during RSI in EDs by investigating its effect on FPS and the incidence of complications, including gastric regurgitation and aspiration.

Prehospital activation of a coordinated multidisciplinary hospital response in preparation for patients with severe hemorrhage: A statewide data linkage study of the New South Wales "Code Crimson" pathway.

Background: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death in trauma. Prehospital medical teams can streamline access to massive transfusion and definitive hemorrhage control by alerting in-hospital trauma teams of suspected life-threatening bleeding in unstable patients. This study reports the initial experience of an Australian "Code Crimson" (CC) pathway facilitating early multidisciplinary care for these patients.

Predictors of mortality in older patients with isolated severe head injury: a data linkage study from New South Wales, Australia.

Objective This study aimed to identify factors associated with 90-day mortality in older patients with a severe head injury. Methods A data linkage study was performed with the New South Wales Trauma Registry, Admitted Patient Data Collection and Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages to identify patients aged ≥75 years with isolated severe head injury presenting to trauma hospitals between 2012 and 2016. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 90 days.

Determinants of long-term unplanned readmission and mortality following self-inflicted and non-self-inflicted major injury: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To describe the characteristics of major injury and identify determinants of long-term unplanned readmission and mortality after self-inflicted and non-self-inflicted injury to inform potential readmission screening.

Method: A retrospective cohort study of 11,269 individuals aged ≥ 15 years hospitalised for a major injury during 2013-2017 in New South Wales, Australia. Unplanned readmission and mortality up to 27-month post-injury were examined.

Description and prediction of outcome of drowning patients in New South Wales, Australia: protocol for a data linkage study.

Introduction: Despite being a preventable cause of death, drowning is a global public health threat. Australia records an average of 288 unintentional drowning deaths per year; an estimated annual economic burden of $1.24 billion AUD ($2017).

Correlating injury severity scores and major trauma volume using a state-wide in-patient administrative dataset linked to trauma registry data-A retrospective analysis from New South Wales Australia.

Introduction: Trauma registries are used to analyse and report activity and benchmark quality of care at designated facilities within a trauma system. These capabilities may be enhanced with the incorporation of administrative and electronic medical record datasets, but are currently limited by the use of different injury coding systems between trauma and administrative datasets.

Objectives: Use an Abbreviated Injury Scale to International Classification of Disease (AIS-ICD) mapping tool to correlate estimated injury severity scores and major trauma volume based on administrative data collections with trauma registry data.

A stepped wedge cluster randomised trial of a cognitive remediation intervention in alcohol and other drug (AOD) residential treatment services.

Background: Executive functioning impairment is common in substance use disorder and is a major risk factor for poor treatment outcomes, including treatment drop-out and relapse. Cognitive remediation interventions seek to improve executive functioning and offer a promising approach to increase the efficacy of alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatments and improve long-term therapeutic outcomes. This protocol describes a study funded by the NSW Agency for Clinical Innovation that assesses the effectiveness of delivering a six-week group-based intervention of cognitive remediation in an ecologically valid sample of people attending residential AOD treatment services.

External benchmarking of trauma services in New South Wales: Risk-adjusted mortality after moderate to severe injury from 2012 to 2016.

Background: Trauma centres and systems have been associated with improved morbidity and mortality after injury. However, variability in outcomes across centres within a given system have been demonstrated. Performance improvement initiatives, that utilize external benchmarking as the backbone, have demonstrated system-wide improvements in outcomes.

Spine surgery outcome in patients who sought compensation after a motor vehicle accident: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Back and neck pain are common after road traffic injury and are treated by spine surgery in some cases. This study aimed to describe the outcomes of spine surgery in people who made an insurance claim after road traffic accidents without an associated spinal fracture or dislocation.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort based on insurers' data of Compulsory Third Party (CTP) claims.

Factors predicting outcome in whiplash injury: a systematic meta-review of prognostic factors.

Background: Whiplash injuries are among the leading injuries related to car crashes and it is important to determine the prognostic factors that predict the outcome of patients with these injuries. This meta-review aims to identify factors that are associated with outcome after acute whiplash injury.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search for all systematic reviews on outcome prediction of acute whiplash injury was conducted across several electronic databases.

A systematic review on the effectiveness of back protectors for motorcyclists.

Background: Motorcyclists are a vulnerable road-user population who are overrepresented in traffic injuries. Utilisation of back protectors may be an effective preventive measure for spine injuries in motorcyclists. Since use of back protectors is increasing it is important that clinical evidence supports their use.