Upadacitinib-Induced Hepatitis B Reactivation Leading to Liver Transplant.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can occur with the use of immunosuppressive therapy used to treat autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Janus kinase inhibitors, such as upadacitinib, have been approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This is the first case report of a patient who used upadacitinib without antiviral prophylaxis against HBV and developed HBV reactivation, leading to fulminant hepatic failure necessitating emergent liver transplantation.

Burden of chronic kidney disease in an urban city of Pakistan, a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in an urban city and to assess the risk factors associated with the condition.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out from June to December 2012 by arranging health camps for asymptomatic population in Karachi at busy shopping areas frequented by people of all socioeconomic classes. The camps provided free screening tests for the general public.

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in infants with G6PD c.563C > T Variant.

Background: There is a strong correlation between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia with a rare but potential threat of devastating acute bilirubin encephalopathy. G6PD deficiency was observed in 4-14% of hospitalized icteric neonates in Pakistan. G6PD c.

Ontogeny of mammalian metabolizing enzymes in humans and animals used in toxicological studies.

It is well recognized that expression of enzymes varies during development and growth. However, an in-depth review of this acquired knowledge is needed to translate the understanding of enzyme expression and activity into the prediction of change in effects (e.g.