Admission Clinical and EEG Features Associated With Mortality and Long-term Neurologic and Cognitive Outcomes in Pediatric Cerebral Malaria.

Background And Objectives: For children with cerebral malaria, mortality is high, and in survivors, long-term neurologic and cognitive dysfunctions are common. While specific clinical factors are associated with death or long-term neurocognitive morbidity in cerebral malaria, the association of EEG features with these outcomes, particularly neurocognitive outcomes, is less well characterized.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study of 149 children age 6 months to 12 years who survived cerebral malaria in Kampala, Uganda, we evaluated whether depth of coma, number of clinical seizures, or EEG features during hospitalization were associated with mortality during hospitalization, short-term and long-term neurologic deficits, or long-term cognitive outcomes (overall cognition, attention, memory) over the 2-year follow-up.

A comprehensive analysis of adverse events in the first 30 days of phase 1 pediatric CAR T-cell trials.

The tremendous success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in children and young adults (CAYAs) with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is tempered by toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Despite expansive information about CRS, profiling of specific end-organ toxicities secondary to CAR T-cell therapy in CAYAs is limited. This retrospective, single-center study sought to characterize end-organ specific adverse events (AEs) experienced by CAYAs during the first 30 days after CAR T-cell infusion.

Feasibility of Utilizing PREMM Score for Lynch Syndrome Identification in an Urban, Minority Patient Population.

The PREMM model is a web-based clinical prediction algorithm that estimates the gene-specific risk of an individual carrying a Lynch syndrome germline mutation based on targeted family history questions. The objectives of our study were to determine the feasibility of screening for LS in an urban, minority patient population in a primary care setting using the PREMM model and characterize patient barriers associated with difficulty completing the questions. Participants were recruited from Tulane Internal Medicine primary care clinics on 9 random collection dates.

EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections using lumen apposing metal stents: An international, multicenter experience.

Introduction: Lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) have been used increasingly for drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC). We present an international, multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of LAMS in PFCs.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing LAMS placement for PFC at 12 international centers were included (ClinicalTrials.

Selective cold pain inhibition by targeted block of TRPM8-expressing neurons with quaternary lidocaine derivative QX-314.

Treatment of pain with local anesthetics leads to an unfavorable decrease in general sensory acuity due to their indiscriminate block of both pain sensing (nociceptors) and non-pain sensing nerves. However, the cell impermeant lidocaine derivative QX-314 can be selectively targeted to only nociceptors by permeation through ligand-gated cation channels. Here we show that localized injection of QX-314 with agonists for the menthol receptor TRPM8 specifically blocks cold-evoked behaviors in mice, including cold allodynia and hyperalgesia.

A Multidisciplinary Discharge Timeout Checklist Improves Patient Education and Captures Discharge Process Errors.

Objective: To design and implement a discharge timeout checklist, and to assess its effects on patients' understanding as well as the potential impact on preventable medical errors surrounding hospital discharges to home.

Methods: Based on the structure successfully used for surgical procedures and using the Model for Improvement framework, we designed a discharge checklist to review and assess patients' understanding of discharge medications, catheters, home care plans, follow-up, symptoms, and who to call with problems after discharge. In parallel, we developed a process of integrating the checklist into the discharge process after routine discharge procedures were completed.

Cooling Relief of Acute and Chronic Itch Requires TRPM8 Channels and Neurons.

Cooling or the application of mentholated liniments to the skin has been used to treat itch for centuries, yet remarkably little is known about how counter-stimuli such as these induce itch relief. Indeed, there is no clear consensus in the scientific literature as to whether or not cooling does in fact block the transduction of itch signals or if it is simply a placebo effect. This gap in our understanding led us to hypothesize that cooling is antipruritic and, like cooling analgesia, requires function of the cold-gated ion channel TRPM8, a receptor for menthol expressed on peripheral afferent nerve endings.

Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty Significantly Reduces Body Mass Index and Metabolic Complications in Obese Patients.

Background & Aims: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is an incisionless, minimally invasive bariatric procedure that reduces the length and width of the gastric cavity to facilitate weight loss. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of ESG on total body weight loss and obesity-related comorbidities.

Methods: We collected data from 91 consecutive patients (mean age, 43.

Esophageal stent fixation with endoscopic suturing device improves clinical outcomes and reduces complications in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer prior to neoadjuvant therapy: a large multicenter experience.

Background: Endoscopic placement of fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMS) to treat malignant dysphagia in patients with esophageal cancer significantly improves dysphagia; however, these stents have a high migration rate.

Aim: To determine whether FCSEMS fixation using an endoscopic suturing device treated malignant dysphagia and prevented stent migration in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy when compared to patients with FCSEMS placement alone.

Method: A review of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer who underwent FCSEMS placement at 3 centers was performed.

Radiofrequency ablation for pancreatobiliary disease.

Purpose Of Review: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been recognized for its potential in palliative treatment for pancreatic cancer as well as malignant biliary strictures. The purpose of this review is to describe the technology, endoscopic technique, and reported outcomes of endoscopic RFA in the management of malignant biliary strictures and unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Recent Findings: Intraductal biliary RFA is safe and feasible and appears to confer a survival advantage.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage versus percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage: predictors of successful outcome in patients who fail endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Background: Patients with failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are conventionally offered percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). While PTBD is effective, it is associated with catheter-related complications, pain, and poor quality of life. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is a minimally invasive endoscopic option increasingly offered as an alternative to PTBD.

Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Enhances Cancellous Osseointegration of a Novel Murine Tibial Implant.

Background: Long-term fixation of uncemented joint implants requires early mechanical stability and implant osseointegration. To date, osseointegration has been unreliable and remains a major challenge in cementless total knee arthroplasty. We developed a murine model in which an intra-articular proximal tibial titanium implant with a roughened stem can be loaded through the knee joint.

[Complications after reconstructive operations on major arteries of lower limbs and methods of correction thereof].

The present study was aimed at revealing and examining the causes of specific complications after reconstructive vascular operations in the aortic-iliac-femoral zones. The study comprised a total of 155 patients, with the period of postoperative follow up amounting to 3 years. Thirty-nine patients were operated on for various specific complications within the terms from 1 to 3 years.

[Methods of diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in postmenopausal women suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus].

We studied prophylactic potential of local use of estriol in respect of urinary infections (UI) in postmenopausal women with asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A two-stage trial has been conducted. Stage one (a prospective study) was made to detect AB in DM women with AB.

[Long-term results of one-stage urogenital reconstruction in total epispadia and extrophy of the urinary bladder in adults].

Surgical treatment of 34 patients with total epispadia and extrophy of the urinary bladder aged 15-33 years consists in one-stage extending corporoplasty, extending urethroplasty, granuloplasty, spongioplasty and sphincteroplasty. This novel method of one-stage urogenital reconstruction in adult males with total epispadia and extrophy of the urinary bladder provided satisfactory cosmetic results in all the patients and functional results in 68% patients, improved quality of life, social and sexual adaptation in patients with the above serious conditions. Postoperative complications and relevant prophylaxis are described.

[The action of low-intensity extremely high-freguency electromagnetic radiation on growth parameters for bacteria Enterococcus hirae].

It has been found that the exposure of Enterococcus hirae ATCC9790, grown under anaerobic conditions for 30 min or 1 h, to low-intensity (flux capacity 0.06 mW/sm2) coherent electromagnetic radiation (EMI) of extremely high-frequency 45 - 53 GHz), or millimeter waves causes a marked prolongation of the lag-growth phase and a decrease in their specific growth rate, the inhibitory effect increasing in the frequency range from 49 to 53 GHz. The effect enhanced as duration of expocure was encreased from 30 min to 1 h; however, further increase in exposure duration to 2 h did not cause an enhancement of the effect.

Ménétrier's disease associated with Kaposi's sarcoma.

Ménétrier's Disease is a giant fold gastropathy whose precise etiology has remained enigmatic. However, mucosal changes characteristic of Ménétrier's Disease have been linked to diverse pathologies, both infectious and malignant. Here, we describe a novel association: Ménétrier's mucosa developing on top of underlying Kaposi's Sarcoma.

[A morphological investigation of supramolecular structural changes in biomembrane models under the influence of medicines].

The supramolecular structure of multicomponent lyotropic systems sodium pentadecylsulfonate-colchicines-water and sodium pentadecylsulfonate-essentiale-water has been studied by polarizing microscopy. The mesomorphism and phase changes depending on the composition and concentration of constituent compounds of the systems were established.

[The problem of surgical intervention classification in HVI-infected patients].

The actuality of HVI-infection problem for civilian health system and for medical service of RF Armed Forces is undoubted. During the period from 1999 to 2004 383 patients with surgical pathology against the background of HVI-infection were hospitalized in Saratov and Ulyanovsk regions. Basing on the experience of their treatment the classifications of invasive diagnostic and surgical interventions in HVI-infected persons were developed.

Identification of MEFV-independent modifying genetic factors for familial Mediterranean fever.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recessively inherited disorder predisposing to renal amyloidosis and associated with mutations in MEFV, a gene encoding a protein of unknown function. Differences in clinical expression have been attributed to MEFV-allelic heterogeneity, with the M694V/M694V genotype associated with a high prevalence of renal amyloidosis. However, the variable risk for patients with identical MEFV mutations to develop this severe complication, prevented by lifelong administration of colchicine, strongly suggests a role for other genetic and/or environmental factors.

[The characteristics of the oral health promotion of patients with hematological diseases].

A total of 197 patients were subjected to planned sanitization of the oral cavity in St. Petersburg specialized dental hospital for short-term treatment. Critical values of blood parameters were determined for preventing the complications after planned sanitization.