Salmonella Typhimurium effector SseI regulates host peroxisomal dynamics to acquire lysosomal cholesterol.

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (Salmonella) resides and multiplies intracellularly in cholesterol-rich compartments called Salmonella-containing vacuoles (SCVs) with actin-rich tubular extensions known as Salmonella-induced filaments (SIFs). SCV maturation depends on host-derived cholesterol, but the transport mechanism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol to SCVs remains unclear. Here we find that peroxisomes are recruited to SCVs and function as pro-bacterial organelle.

Exploring the Potential Fungicidal Applications of a Cu(II) Complex with Schiff Base and Carboxylates against .

Given the critical need to preserve agricultural sustainability, there is an urgent call to address fungal infections. Our study presents a promising approach by focusing on SIX (Secreted in Xylem) proteins as a pivotal target for the development of innovative fungicidal strategies. Within the sphere of this study, we meticulously scrutinize the antifungal efficacy of our synthesized Cu(II) complex formulated as [Cu(L1)(L2)](ClO), where L1 represents ()-cyclohexyl-(pyridine-2-xlmethylene) methanamine and L2H denotes cinnamic acid, compared against a commercially available fungicide comprising 4% hexaconazole and 68% zineb.

An Epidemiological Study on Magnitude of Selected Components of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors among First-year MBBS Students.

Background: Previous research has suggested that the prevalence of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases is higher in South Asians, with premature presentation common in this subpopulation.

Aim: To explore this further, we assessed the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and risk factors among young adults.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, epidemiological, institution-based study conducted at the Medical College in Eastern India.

Repurposing of DrugBank molecules as dual non-hydroxamate HDAC8 and HDAC2 inhibitors by pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies.

HDAC8 and HDAC2 are recently reported to be overexpressed in cervical cancer. To date, studies related to the use of dual targeted HDAC inhibitor to treat cervical cancer are not well explored. Again, majority of the selective HDAC inhibitors discovered so far are hydroxamic acids, which have multiple adverse side-effects due to their strong zinc chelating ability.

Next-Generation Self-Powered Photodetectors using 2D Bismuth Oxide Selenide Crystals.

The concept of self-powered photodetectors has attracted significant attention due to their versatile applications in areas such as intelligent systems and hazardous substance detection. Among these, junction and Schottky junction photodetectors are the most widely studied types; however, their fabrication processes are often complex and costly. To overcome these challenges, we focused on the emerging self-powered, ultrasensitive photodetector platform based on photoelectrochemical (PEC) principles.

Dissecting the epigenetic orchestra of HDAC isoforms in breast cancer development: a review.

Epigenetic modulators have recently emerged as potential targets in cancer therapy. Breast cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally and the most common cancer in India, continues to have a low survival rate despite available treatments. This underscores the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies.

Quantification of autoantibodies using a luminescent profiling method in autoimmune interstitial lung disease.

Autoantibodies are important for the diagnosis of autoimmune interstitial lung disease (ILD). Standard immunoassays have limitations, including their qualitative nature and/or a narrow dynamic range of detection, hindering the usefulness of autoantibodies as biomarkers of disease activity. Here, the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) was evaluated for measuring myositis-specific and other lung-related autoantibodies in 25 subjects with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), 26 with Sjögren's disease (SjD), and 10 healthy volunteers.

Exploring Drug Resistance: Microbial Profiles, Antibiotic Sensitivity, and Biofilm Development in Orthopedic Implant Infections.

Background With the advent of and rise in antibiotic resistance globally, especially in postoperative patients, studying the antibiogram and associated factors is the need of the hour. The present study was undertaken to document the microbiological profile in postoperative orthopedic patients with the infected implant in situ and to observe the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated organisms in such infections. Methods This study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital for six months after obtaining institutional ethical approval.

Understanding one health challenges in marginalized urban settings: A patient and public involvement (PPI) approach from the CHIP consortium activities across four global cities.

Background: Slum communities face health risks influenced by environmental, human, and animal health factors, particularly antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Tailored, community-driven solutions are needed to address these multifactorial health determinants. This study explores One Health challenges in urban slums using a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) approach.

Electron donor-acceptor complex enabled photocascade strategy for the synthesis of -dihydrofuro[3,2-]chromen-4-one scaffolds radical conjugate addition of pyridinium ylide.

A visible-light-induced photocascade strategy is disclosed for the synthesis of -dihydrofuro[3,2-]chromen-4-one scaffolds. The photocascade consists of electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex enabled formation of arylidene coumarinone, followed by 1,4-radical conjugate addition (1,4-RCA) of an generated pyridinium ylide radical (PyYR) towards diastereoselective formation of the -dihydrofuro[3,2-]chromen-4-one scaffold in good to excellent yield. Thorough mechanistic investigations comprising photophysical, spectroscopic, electrochemical and DFT studies provide further insights into the reaction mechanism.

Assessment of Diaphragmatic Dysfunction in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Ultrasonography.

Introduction: The reliability of the diaphragm thickening fraction in predicting weaning failure in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), as well as the relationship between the patients' diaphragmatic inspiratory excursion and diaphragmatic thickness.

Materials And Methods: Fifty mechanically ventilated patients participated in this hospital-based cross-sectional prospective study in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients who had been on a mechanical ventilator for at least 7 days and whose legal guardian was willing to provide consent were also included in the research.

Sub-acute bisphenol A exposure induces proteomic alterations and impairs male reproductive health in mice.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and there is widespread concern about the adverse effects of EDCs on human health. However, the exact mechanism of these toxicities has still not been fully deciphered. Additionally, studies have reported the toxicological effects at far low doses to the generally considered no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) dose.

Enhancement of gold-curcumin nanoparticle mediated radiation response for improved therapy in cervical cancer: a computational approach and predictive pathway analysis.

Radiotherapy is prevalently applied for highly effective cancer therapy while the low specificity of radiation is deleterious to the nearby healthy cells. High-Z-based nanomaterials offer excellent radio-enhancement properties while natural products provide radioprotection. Modulation of the radiotherapeutic index via applying nanomaterials is feasible for effective treatment however, the scenario changes when simultaneous protection of non-cancerous cells is required.

Lysine-Mediated Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticle-Incorporated Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Tunable Cell Adhesion, Proliferation, and Antimicrobial Potency for In Vitro Wound-Healing Applications.

The intricate healing mechanism of chronic wounds and their multitude of healing-related obstacles, such as infections, compromised cellular processes, and impediments to the healing process, pose a significant healthcare problem. Exploration of metal oxide nanoparticles, such as yttrium oxide (YO) nanoparticles, can lead to innovative discoveries in the field of chronic wound healing by offering cues that promote cell proliferation in the scaffolds. To achieve this, YO nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated within poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibrous scaffolds.

Predicting the mechanical properties of pristine and defective carbon nanotubes using a random forest model.

Data-driven models have lately emerged as a faster and less time-consuming method for computing material properties than computationally expensive conventional molecular dynamics and density functional theory-based simulations. Here, we developed a random forest (RF) model for comprehensively predicting mechanical properties such as stress and Poisson's ratio under varying strain and ultimate tensile strain of pristine and defective carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The variations in stress and Poisson's ratio with the strain of CNTs with a 0.

Manganese catalyzed chemo-selective synthesis of acyl cyclopentenes: a combined experimental and computational investigation.

Cyclopentenes serve as foundational structures in numerous natural products and pharmaceuticals. Consequently, the pursuit of innovative synthetic approaches to complement existing protocols is of paramount importance. In this context, we present a novel synthesis route for acyl cyclopentenes through a cascade reaction involving an acceptorless-dehydrogenative coupling of cyclopropyl methanol with methyl ketone, followed by a radical-initiated ring expansion rearrangement of the formed vinyl cyclopropenone intermediate.

Research progress on biodegradable magnesium phosphate ceramics in orthopaedic applications.

To overcome critical size bone defects, calcium phosphate (CaP)-based ceramics have been widely explored. The compositional similarity with bone matrix and degradability are the main reasons for their selection in orthopaedic biomaterials. However, the low solubility rate under conditions raises concerns about these CaP groups, particularly hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics.

Efficacy of pegylated Graphene oxide quantum dots as a nanoconjugate sustained release metformin delivery system in in vitro insulin resistance model.

Metformin, the primary therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), showed limitations such as varying absorption, rapid system clearance, required large amount, resistance, longstanding side effects. Use of Nano formulations for pharmaceuticals is emerging as a viable technique to reduce negative consequences of drug, while simultaneously attaining precise release and targeted distribution. This study developed a Polyethylene Glycol conjugated Graphene Oxide Quantum dots (GOQD-PEG) nanocomposite for the sustained release of metformin.

Virtual reality use in pediatric patients for orthopedic clinical procedures: A randomized prospective trial of efficacy.

Background: Distraction therapy use such as virtual reality is novel in the pediatric orthopedic field. In this study, we use subjective and objective metrics to evaluate virtual reality efficacy to reduce anxiety and pain in a pediatric orthopedic cohort.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial included patients between age 5 and 17 years, presenting to a tertiary care pediatric orthopedic clinic.

Biofabrication of aminated nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan nanofibrous scaffold for sustained release of diltiazem hydrochloride.

In the modern environment conscious era, there has been a huge demand for the effective green method to fabricate biomaterials for sustained transdermal release of diltiazem hydrochloride to treat hypertension and cardiac failure. In this vein, the present study explores the amination of waste jute sourced nanocellulose (ANC) and its effect as a reinforcing filler to design electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan based polymeric nanofibrous scaffold for drug delivery. The characterization results of FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) confirm the successful chemical modification of nanocellulose (NCC).