Association between prenatal maternal anxiety and/or stress and offspring's cognitive functioning: A meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis examined the relationship between prenatal maternal stress and/or anxiety and the outcomes of children aged 3 months to 9 years. Of the 8754 studies published before June 2021 that were synthesized, 17 conducted in Western countries were included in the meta-analysis (N  = 23,307; M 54%; M White 77%, Pacific 15%, African American/Black 10%, Middle Eastern 7%, Eastern 8%). Effect sizes ranged from -0.

Eight-year-old very and extremely preterm children showed more difficulties in performance intelligence than verbal intelligence.

Aim: This study determined possible discrepancies between verbal IQ and performance IQ in 8-year-old very preterm (VPT) and extremely preterm (EPT) children, and examined associations between verbal IQ and performance IQ, and sociodemographic factors, perinatal factors, early cognitive outcomes and also with school achievement scores.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 120 eight-year-old VPT/EPT children. Cognitive development was assessed at the ages of 2, 5 and 8 years.

Visual perceptive skills account for very preterm children's mathematical difficulties in preschool.

Background: Already in preschool, very preterm (VP) children perform worse than term born-children on preschool mathematical skills tests. Strong associations have been found between preschool mathematical skills, cognition and visual-motor integration.

Aims: To compare VP children and their term-born peers on preschool mathematical achievement at the corrected age of five years, and determine whether cognitive, visual-perceptive, visual-motor, and motor-coordination skills, account for any significant differences observed.

Consequences of Correcting Intelligence Quotient for Prematurity at Age 5 Years.

Objectives: To determine the effects of correcting for prematurity on full scale IQ (FSIQ), verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ), and processing speed quotient (PSQ) scores, and to investigate whether differences between corrected and uncorrected FSIQ are associated with gestational age (GA), FSIQ, and age at assessment.

Study Design: Single-center consecutive cohort study. Data were analyzed from 275 very preterm children (GA <30 weeks), born between January 2006 and December 2009 and assessed at 5 years corrected age as part of the neonatal long-term follow-up program, at the Emma Children's Hospital in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.