Transhumeral prosthesis use and disuse affects whole-body angular momentum.

Background: Individuals with transhumeral limb loss have an increased risk of falling, potentially resulting from altered upper-body kinematics during gait. The purpose of this study was to investigate whole-body angular momentum as a measure of movement control, to gain an understanding of how these upper-body kinematics contribute to dynamic balance.

Methods: Eight participants with transhumeral limb loss and eight able-bodied control participants completed three gait trials at self-selected speeds.

Transhumeral prosthesis use affects upper body kinematics and kinetics.

Background: Transhumeral (TH) limb loss leads to loss of body mass and reduced shoulder range of motion. Despite most owning a prosthesis, prosthesis abandonment is common. The consequence of TH limb loss and prosthesis use and disuse during gait may be compensation in the upper body, contributing to back pain or injury.

Extended physiological proprioception is affected by transhumeral Socket-Suspended prosthesis use.

The objective of this study was to define targeted reaching performance without visual information for transhumeral (TH) prosthesis users, establishing baseline information about extended physiological proprioception (EPP) in this population. Subjects completed a seated proprioceptive targeting task under simultaneous motion capture, using their prosthesis and intact limb. Eight male subjects, median age of 58 years (range 29-77 years), were selected from an ongoing screening study to participate.

Changes in frontal plane kinematics over 12-months in individuals with the Percutaneous Osseointegrated Prosthesis (POP).

Background: A bone-anchored prosthesis (BAP) eliminates the need for a conventional socket by attaching a prosthesis directly to the user's skeleton. Currently, limited research addresses changes in gait mechanics post BAP implantation.

Objective: Examine changes in frontal plane movement patterns after BAP implantation.

The First FDA Approved Early Feasibility Study of a Novel Percutaneous Bone Anchored Prosthesis for Transfemoral Amputees: A Prospective 1-year Follow-up Cohort Study.

Objective: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel press-fit bone-anchored prosthesis in an FDA approved study.

Design: Single-center, prospective 1-year follow-up cohort study of a percutaneous bone anchored prosthesis.

Setting: Veterans Health Administration Hospital.

Use of computer tomography imaging for analyzing bone remodeling around a percutaneous osseointegrated implant.

Osseointegration (OI) is being used for the direct skeletal attachment of prosthetic limbs using an intramedullary stem that extends percutaneously from the subject's residual limb. For this technology to be successful, bone ingrowth and remodeling around the implant must occur. Physicians need an effective way to assess bone remodeling to make informed treatment and rehabilitation decisions.

Analysis of the Stomal Microbiota of a Percutaneous Osseointegrated Prosthesis: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.

Percutaneous osseointegrated (OI) prostheses (POPs) are used to skeletally attach artificial limbs in amputees. While any permanent percutaneous interface is at risk of becoming infected by the resident microbiota colonizing the stoma, most of these patients remain infection-free. Avoidance of infection likely depends upon a mechanically and/or biologically stable skin-to-implant interface.

Development of a step counting algorithm using the ambulatory tibia load analysis system for tibia fracture patients.

Unlabelled: : Ambulation can be used to monitor the healing of lower extremity fractures. However, the ambulatory behavior of tibia fracture patients remains unknown due to an inability to continuously quantify ambulation outside of the clinic. The goal of this study was to design and validate an algorithm to assess ambulation in tibia fracture patients using the ambulatory tibial load analysis system during recovery, outside of the clinic.

Fat Layer from Medullary Canal Reamer Aspirate for Potential Use as a Supplemental Osteoinductive Bone Graft Material.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of therapeutic interest to clinicians and researchers, as they have been shown to augment the osteogenic properties of bone grafts. MSCs are known to be prevalent in bone marrow, but are still limited in numbers. Hence, additional sources of MSCs are beneficial to increasing grafting potential.

The effect of aging on posterior intertransverse lumbar fusion: a New Zealand white rabbit model.

Study Design: In vivo assessment of lumbar spinal fusion between a younger and older cohort of New Zealand white rabbits.

Objective: Directly compare fusion within young and aged New Zealand white rabbits to establish an aged spinal fusion model translational research.

Summary Of Background Data: Prior studies have utilized skeletally mature young rabbits (6-12 mo old) that may not be appropriate as an analog for studying the aging human spine.

The significance of calcified fibrocartilage on the cortical endplate of the translational sheep spine model.

To gain an understanding of the vertebral cortical endplate and factors that may affect the ability to achieve skeletal attachment to intervertebral implants and fusion, this study aimed to characterize the hypermineralized tissue on the cortical endplate of the vertebral body on a commonly used animal model. Skeletally mature sheep were injected with tetracycline prior to euthanasia and the C2-C3, T5-T6, and L2-L3 spinal motion segments were excised and prepared. Vertebral tissues were imaged using backscatter electron (BSE) imaging, histology, and tetracycline labeling was used to assess bone remodeling within different tissue layers.

Host bone response to polyetheretherketone versus porous tantalum implants for cervical spinal fusion in a goat model.

Study Design: In vivo assessment of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and porous tantalum (TM) cervical interbody fusion devices in a goat model.

Objective: Directly compare host bone response to PEEK and TM devices used for cervical interbody fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: PEEK devices are widely used for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion but are nonporous and have limited surface area for bone attachment.

Effect of osteoclast co-culture on the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells grown on bone graft granules.

Traditional approaches to bone repair are currently being integrated with innovative tissue-engineering techniques, as researchers and clinicians shift their treatment focus toward regenerating functional tissue rather than just filling a defect to provide structural support. Cells are expanded and incorporated into implantable systems in hopes of enhancing the bone-forming capabilities of traditional bone graft substitutes. The present study examined how osteoclasts might be used to stimulate the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into bone forming cells.