Advancement in knowledge and skills of nursing students in operation theatre procedures with mobile based learning.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile -based learning (MBL) in improving nursing students' knowledge and skills when performing procedures in the operating room.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study with control group, pre- and post-intervention assessment was conducted. A total of 128 nursing students from India were recruited by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention (use of a telephone application containing videos on hand washing, surgical gown donning, gloving, and assisting during intubation) and conventional education groups.

Educational intervention on perceived stress among adults with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: a non-randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Teaching (VT) Programme regarding palliative care on knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel working in selected hospitals of North India.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design was conducted on 121 Nursing Personnel, selected by convenient sampling technique. Knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude were assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire, Palliative Care Self-efficacy Scale, and Frommelt Attitudes toward care of dying scale respectively.

Cognitive Rehabilitation Programme (CRP): An Effective Tool Against Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly.

Background: With a steady increase in life expectancy seen worldwide, age-associated cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment in old age are major public health challenges.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the Cognitive Rehabilitation Program on cognition parameters in old age people with mild cognitive impairment.

Materials And Methods Design: This study was a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control group pretest post-test design.

Infrared Spectroscopy Can Differentiate Between Cartilage Injury Models: Implication for Assessment of Cartilage Integrity.

In order to improve the ability of clinical diagnosis to differentiate articular cartilage (AC) injury of different origins, this study explores the sensitivity of mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for detecting structural, compositional, and functional changes in AC resulting from two injury types. Three grooves (two in parallel in the palmar-dorsal direction and one in the mediolateral direction) were made via arthrotomy in the AC of the radial facet of the third carpal bone (middle carpal joint) and of the intermediate carpal bone (the radiocarpal joint) of nine healthy adult female Shetland ponies (age = 6.8 ± 2.

Insulin Adherence in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Adherence to medication, especially insulin, is a key contributor to diabetes treatment outcomes. Lack of adherence is common among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) ranging from 23% to 77%, with a higher frequency in developing countries. Poor adherence results in worse glycaemic control and increased mortality and morbidity due to diabetes complications.

Ethanol-Induced Vestibular Dysfunction as a Model for Bilateral Vestibular Syndrome: Similarities in Video Head Impulse Test and Video-Oculography Data.

Background: The goal of this study was to compare video head impulse test, video-oculography, and clinical balance test changes induced by ethanol consumption, in order to acquire a model for acute bilateral vestibular syndrome.

Methods: Four healthy adult men and 5 healthy adult women were recruited as volunteers in the study. Initial video head impulse test, videooculography, and clinical balance test examinations were made.

Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Enables Differentiation of Normal and Early Osteoarthritic Human Knee Joint Articular Cartilage.

Osteoarthritis degenerates cartilage and impairs joint function. Early intervention opportunities are missed as current diagnostic methods are insensitive to early tissue degeneration. We investigated the capability of visible light-near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) to differentiate normal human cartilage from early osteoarthritic one.

Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Enables Estimation of Articular Cartilage Structural, Compositional, and Functional Properties.

Objective: To differentiate healthy from artificially degraded articular cartilage and estimate its structural, compositional, and functional properties using Raman spectroscopy (RS).

Design: Visually normal bovine patellae (n = 12) were used in this study. Osteochondral plugs (n = 60) were prepared and artificially degraded either enzymatically (via Collagenase D or Trypsin) or mechanically (via impact loading or surface abrasion) to induce mild to severe cartilage damage; additionally, control plugs were prepared (n = 12).

Challenges and opportunities in providing palliative care services to children with a life-limiting illness: A systematic review.

Background Palliative care for children is an innovative approach that helps improve the quality of life of children suffering from life-limiting illnesses, and their family members. The WHO recognized palliative care as a part of universal health coverage. However, there is inadequate availability and inequitable distribution of palliative care services for children in most parts of the world.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Mechanical and Histological Properties of the Human Aorta With Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Introduction: Ascending aortic dilatation is a well-known risk factor for aortic rupture. Indications for aortic replacement in its dilatation concomitant to other open-heart surgery exist; however, cut-off values based solely on aortic diameter may fail to identify patients with weakened aortic tissue. We introduce near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a diagnostic tool to nondestructively evaluate the structural and compositional properties of the human ascending aorta during open-heart surgeries.

Registered nurses' experiences and perceptions of supervising international nursing students in a clinical setting - A qualitative study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the experiences and perceptions of Indian RNs who supervise Norwegian undergraduate nursing students during their clinical practice in India.

Background: The globalization process has generated a need for registered nurses (RNs) to develop cultural competence. As a result, nursing education and policy need to respond to the challenging nature of global health and prepare RNs to work with diverse cultures by enhancing their cultural competence to help them encounter patients from different cultural backgrounds.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Enables Arthroscopic Histologic Grading of Human Knee Articular Cartilage.

Purpose: To develop the means to estimate cartilage histologic grades and proteoglycan content in ex vivo arthroscopy using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Methods: In this experimental study, arthroscopic NIR spectral measurements were performed on both knees of 9 human cadavers, followed by osteochondral block extraction and in vitro measurements: reacquisition of spectra and reference measurements (proteoglycan content, and three histologic scores). A hybrid model, combining principal component analysis and linear mixed-effects model (PCA-LME), was trained for each reference to investigate its relationship with in vitro NIR spectra.

Wall Shear Stress Predicts Media Degeneration and Biomechanical Changes in Thoracic Aorta.

In thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) of the ascending aorta (AA), AA is progressively dilating due to the weakening of the aortic wall. Predicting and preventing aortic dissections and ruptures in TAA continues to be challenging, and more accurate assessment of the AA dilatation, identification of high-risk patients, and timing of repair surgery are required. We investigated whether wall shear stress (WSS) predicts pathological and biomechanical changes in the aortic wall in TAA.

Development and Validation of the Intravenous Infiltration and Extravasation Risk Assessment Tool (IIERAT) for Pediatric Patients.

Objective: To develop and validate a new tool viz., Intravenous Infiltration and Extravasation Risk Assessment Tool (IIEART) for assessing risk of fluid extravasation in children.

Participants: 120 children (aged 2-18 year) undergoing peripheral intravenous cannulation were recruited from four hospitals of Haryana to determine the IIEART scale's psychometric properties.

Near infrared spectroscopic evaluation of biochemical and crimp properties of knee joint ligaments and patellar tendon.

Knee ligaments and tendons play an important role in stabilizing and controlling the motions of the knee. Injuries to the ligaments can lead to abnormal mechanical loading of the other supporting tissues (e.g.

Apolipoprotein A4 Defines the Villus-Crypt Border in Duodenal Specimens for Celiac Disease Morphometry.

Histological evaluation of the small intestinal mucosa is the cornerstone of celiac disease diagnostics and an important outcome in scientific studies. Gluten-dependent injury can be evaluated either with quantitative morphometry or grouped classifications. A drawback of mucosal readings is the subjective assessment of the border where the crypt epithelium changes to the differentiated villus epithelium.

A Quality Improvement Initiative: Improving First-hour Breastfeeding Initiation Rate among Healthy Newborns.

Introduction: "No matter where a newborn takes his or her first breath, the desire to give that baby the best start in life is universal." The best gift a mother can give her baby is the gift of health. The gift of health can be given to the baby through early and adequate breastfeeding.

"Upgrading self-esteem: Effectiveness of cognitive enhancement package among psychiatric inpatients.".

Objective: To assess and compare the self-esteem before and after administration of cognitive enhancement package among psychiatric inpatients.

Design & Method: Quantitative approach, Non-Equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design under quasi experimental research design was used for study. Total 60 psychiatric inpatients whose scores came out to be 25 and less in Rosenberg Self-esteem scale were enrolled in the study.

Dual-contrast computed tomography enables detection of equine posttraumatic osteoarthritis in vitro.

To prevent the progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis, assessment of cartilage composition is critical for effective treatment planning. Posttraumatic changes include proteoglycan (PG) loss and elevated water content. Quantitative dual-energy computed tomography (QDECT) provides a means to diagnose these changes.

The Viability and Growth of HaCaT Cells After Exposure to Bioactive Glass S53P4-Containing Cell Culture Media.

Hypothesis: Bioactive glass (BG) S53P4 reduces the viability of epidermal keratinocyte-derived immortalized cell line, HaCaT in sufficient concentrations in vitro.

Background: Although used in mastoid obliteration surgery, there is no data available on whether BG S53P4 granules have an inhibitory or excitatory effect on keratinocytes, found in normal skin and ear cholesteatoma in vivo.

Methods: HaCaT cell cultures were incubated with a direct BG S53P4 granule contact.

Characterization of connective tissues using near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging.

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical method for rapid, non-destructive and label-free assessment of biological materials. Compared to mid-infrared spectroscopy, NIR spectroscopy excels in penetration depth, allowing intact biological tissue assessment, albeit at the cost of reduced molecular specificity. Furthermore, it is relatively safe compared to Raman spectroscopy, with no risk of laser-induced photothermal damage.

Machine learning augmented near-infrared spectroscopy: In vivo follow-up of cartilage defects.

Objective: To assess the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for in vivo arthroscopic monitoring of cartilage defects.

Method: Sharp and blunt cartilage grooves were induced in the radiocarpal and intercarpal joints of Shetland ponies and monitored at baseline (0 weeks) and at three follow-up timepoints (11, 23, and 39 weeks) by measuring near-infrared spectra in vivo at and around the grooves. The animals were sacrificed after 39 weeks and the joints were harvested.

Efficacy of Lecture cum demonstration versus video-based teaching regarding active management of third stage of labor in terms of knowledge and skills of GNM students: An interventional study.

Introduction: Educational interventions have been associated with improved performance and significant changes, especially in perinatal outcomes. Teaching is one of the main components in educational planning which is a key factor in conducting educational plans through various teaching strategies such as simulation, demonstration and video teaching.

Aim: The study aimed to assess lecture cum demonstration (LCD) versus video-based teaching (VBT) regarding active management of the third stage of labor (AMTSL) in terms of knowledge and skills of General Nursing Midwifery (GNM) students.

Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis of Intestinal Mucosa in Celiac Disease Patients on a Gluten-Free Diet and Postgluten Challenge.

Background & Aims: Gluten challenge studies are instrumental in understanding the pathophysiology of celiac disease. Our aims in this study were to reveal early gluten-induced transcriptomic changes in duodenal biopsies and to find tools for clinics.

Methods: Duodenal biopsies were collected from 15 celiac disease patients on a strict long-term gluten-free diet (GFD) prior to and post a gluten challenge (PGC) and from 6 healthy control individuals (DC).