Adrenomedullin and nitric oxide in children with detrusor instability.

Detrusor instability (DI) and detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia lead to poor bladder emptying and high bladder pressure. Recent results indicate that nitric oxide (NO) is an important transmitter or messenger molecule in autonomic neurotransmission. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a potent vasodilator and natriuretic peptide, originally purified from human pheochromocytoma.

Evaluation and therapeutic regulation of erectile dysfunction with visual stimulation test. An objective approach by using sildenafil citrate test.

Aim: An objective evaluation of the psychogenic cause of erectile dysfunction by performing the visual stimulation tumescence and rigidity (VSTR) test and sildenafil citrate test, together with the effectiveness of sildenafil citrate medication on impotence caused by different etiologies.

Material And Methods: Between 1998 and 2000, a total of 36 men (12 patients with diabetic etiology, 5 patients with vasculogenic risk factor) were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients was 53 (27-67) years.

Predictive value of renal histological changes for postoperative renal function improvement in children with congenital ureteropelvic junction stenosis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between renal function, as measured by diuretic radionuclide renography, and the outcome of pyeloplasty. A study was designed to evaluate renal parenchymal biopsy specimens derived from children undergoing corrective surgery for ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) stenosis, and compare these to preoperative and postoperative renal function status.

Methods: Thirty-five children with congenital unilateral UPJ stenosis were evaluated.

Renal tubular injury induced by hyperoxaluria: evaluation of apoptotic changes.

In order to evaluate the injurious effect of hyperoxaluria on renal tubular epithelium, as judged by apoptotic changes in the renal parenchyma, we performed an experimental study in 20 rabbits. In the experimental group animals (n = 10) severe hyperoxaluria was induced by continuous ethylene glycol (EG; 0.75%).

Unilateral testicular torsion: evaluation of bcl-2, p-53 and PCNA expression in contralateral testes.

Objectives And Methods: The present study aims to evaluate the histologic as well as apoptotic changes indicated by PCNA, p-53 and bcl-2 expression in the contralateral testes after a period of unilateral testicular torsion of 4 h.

Results: Regarding the histologic changes, while some significant alterations such as complete or incomplete spermatocytic arrest as well as sertoli cell only formation have to some extent been noted after the detorsion procedure, reasonably better preserved histology could be demonstrated following the orchiectomy procedure both in the early and late follow-up. Thus, the orchiectomy procedure was found to be limiting enough on the severity of the histologic changes in the contralateral testes after a certain period of time following the torsion procedure.

Evaluation of human leukocyte antigen expression in patients with prostate cancer.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the possible relationship between human major histocompatibility antigens [human leukocyte antigen (HLA)] and prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Material And Methods: This clinical study was performed in 30 patients with histologically proven prostatic adenocarcinoma and 102 healthy men. HLA A, B and DR groups were evaluated in all patients.

Ureteral displacement due to a migrated intrauterine contraceptive device.

Perforation of the uterus is rare but potentially fatal. During puerperium when the uterus is small and its wall is thin, the risk of perforation increases. We report a rare complication from an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) which caused deviation of the right ureter in a 31-year-old woman who presented with complaints of insomnia and abdominal pain.

Effect of varicocelectomy on seminal plasma transferrin values: a comparative clinical trial.

The possible effects of varicocele and of the varicocelectomy procedure on Sertoli cell function were investigated. Transferrin concentrations in seminal plasma in men with varicocele before and 3 months after the operation were evaluated. Concentrations were measured in 10 normozoospermic fertile men as a control group and 32 oligozoospermic men with varicocele.

The place of diuretic enhanced Doppler sonography in distinguishing between obstructive and non-obstructive hydronephrosis in children.

Objective: In an attempt to differentiate obstructive from non-obstructive dilation of the renal collecting system in children, a prospective clinical study was carried out.

Material And Methods: During duplex Doppler sonography examination in 23 children resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) and RI ratio values before and after intraverous furasemide administration were compared with the findings obtained with diuretic renogram examination (t(1/2)).

Results: Evaluation of the results demonstrated that diuresis RI and PI determination may aid differentiation of severely obstructed renal units from those with slight (equivocal) or no obstruction.

Semiquantitative evaluation of testicular histology after testicular torsion: protective effect of external cooling.

To evaluate the protective effect of external cooling on testicular histology and tubular diameter, an experimental study was performed on rat testes that underwent a torsion procedure for a defined period of time (4 h). In a second group of animals external cooling for 90 min was performed during the torsion procedure. Evaluation of both the semiquantitative testicular histology and tubular diameter demonstrated a relatively well-preserved histology and tubular diameter.

Immunologic aspect of testicular torsion: detection of antisperm antibodies in contralateral testicle.

Objective: To evaluate the immunologic etiology in unilateral testicular torsion, an experimental study in rats was carried out.

Materials And Methods: 75 adult Wistar rats included in the study program were divided into six different groups according to a torsion-detorsion procedure. Torsion degree was kept constant for all animals (720 degrees ).

Unilateral testicular torsion: protective effect of verapamil on contralateral testicular histology.

In this experimental study, it was our aim to reduce the effects of ischemic insults to the contralateral testicle after unilateral testicular torsion. The protective effect of a calcium channel blocking agent (verapamil) on the histology and the tubular diameter of contralateral testicle was evaluated. Following a definite period of unilateral testicular torsion (i.

Penile epithelioid sarcoma: MR imaging findings.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of a 38-year-old man with epithelioid sarcoma of the penis is presented. It started as a firm, painless and slowly growing nodule at the base of his penis 6 months previously which caused pain radiating to the testis during coitus. It has been well known that sarcomas may well mimic reactive processes.

Epitheloid sarcoma of the penis.

We report a case representing the clinical as well as histopathologic features of epitheloid sarcoma. Both a clinical review and the results of definitive treatment together with the follow-up data are presented.

Limitation of shockwave-induced enhanced crystal deposition in traumatized tissue by verapamil in rabbit model.

Objective: To evaluate the possible protective effect of verapamil (a calcium channel blocking agent) against the traumatizing effects of high-energy shockwaves (HESW) and new stone formation, as indicated by crystal deposition in the renal parenchyma, an experimental study was performed in rabbits.

Methods: A total of 65 rabbits were included. During severe hyperoxaluria induced by continuous ethylene glycol (EG) (0.

Comparative study of long-term stone recurrence after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and open stone surgery for kidney stones.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has become the treatment of choice for most calculi of upper urinary tract and the need for open stone surgery (OSS) have considerably reduced. However, stone recurrence is often encountered as a long-term problem requiring re-treatment.

Methods: In the present retrospective study, the recurrence rates of ESWL and OSS were compared in the treatment of kidney calculi.

Effects of transurethral prostate resection and transurethral laser prostatectomy on plasma hormone levels.

Objective: The short and long-term effects of two common transurethral procedures (TURP and TULP, transurethral prostatic resection and laser prostatectomy, respectively) on plasma hormone levels in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been evaluated.

Patients And Methods: Totally 57 patients with histologically proven BPH (age range 54-81 years, mean 62.5 years) were included into the study program.

Evaluation of basal membrane antibody (immunoglobulin G) formation after high-energy shockwave application in rats.

To evaluate the immune pathologic effects of high-energy shockwave (HESW) application on glomerular and tubular basal membrane antibody (IgG) formation, an experimental study on rats has been performed. Following application of different numbers of shockwaves (100-200-500), the presence of antibody was examined with the direct immunofluorescent technique 2 weeks and 3 months postprocedure. Whereas specimens examined after 2 weeks showed antibody formation in only one animal (500 HESWs), being located in the tubular tissues, all treated kidneys demonstrated various degrees of antibody formation in both tubular and glomerular tissues after 3 months.

Division of the genitofemoral nerve and late orchiectomy: effects on the contralateral testis in ipsilateral testicular torsion.

Unilateral torsion of the spermatic cord has been demonstrated to damage the contralateral testis; however, the pathogenesis has not yet been examined in detail. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of unilateral torsion on the contralateral testis in rats by performing ipsilateral division of the genitofemoral nerve (GFN) and/or late orchiectomy. Male 25-day-old, prepubertal Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups: (1) sham operation; (2) unilateral testicular torsion; (3) simultaneous unilateral testicular torsion and ipsilateral GFN division; (4) unilateral testicular torsion and orchiectomy on the 4th day after torsion; and (5) simultaneous unilateral testicular torsion and GFN ipsilateral division, and orchiectomy on the 4th day after torsion.

Calyceal stones: fate of shock wave therapy with respect to stone localization.

In a retrospective analysis the results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) treatment were evaluated in patients with renal stones according to calyceal localization of treated stones. The 198 patients who underwent ESWL with the Dornier MPL 9000 were analyzed for success rate, complication rate, residual fragments, regrowth and recurrence rates. Totally 210 calyceal calculi located in different portions of the kidney have been comparatively evaluated.

Effect of laser prostatectomy on the serum prostate-specific antigen concentration: results of a prospective study.

Objective: To assess the effect of the laser prostatectomy (LP) procedure on the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

Patient And Methods: The serum PSA level was determined in 41 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia 1 day before and 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 90 days after LP. All patients underwent preoperative evaluation with routine blood tests, serum PSA level, IPSS symptom questionnaire, intravenous pyelography, uroflowmetry, postvoid residual urine measurements, and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).

Sacral agenesis in siblings.

Sacral agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality of the lower vertebral column which is frequently associated with neurological, orthopedic as well as urological malformations. With regard to the incidence of the anomaly, although approximately 200 cases have been reported previously, the occurrence of sacral agenesis in siblings has only rarely been found. To date only two pairs of siblings have been reported.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: report of four cases.

We report 4 patients with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (diagnosed and treated between 1992 and 1996), aged 16 to 55 years (mean age 37 years). All had urolithiasis, pyonephrosis and nonfunctioning kidneys prior to surgical intervention, and underwent total nephrectomy. Clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings are discussed in the light of the cases reported in the literature.