Longitudinal Family Functioning and Mental Health in Transgender and Nonbinary Youth and Their Families.

This study examined concordance of family members' perspectives of family functioning and mental health across two years in families with transgender and/or nonbinary youth (TNBY). Participants were 89 family members (30 TNBY, age 13-17 years; 44 cisgender caregivers; 15 cisgender siblings, age 14-24 years) from 30 families from the U.S.

Correction: Longitudinal effects of gender minority stressors on substance use and related risk and protective factors among gender minority adolescents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Nurses' use of 'wellness' supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Aim: Quantify disparities and identify correlates and predictors of 'wellness' supplement use among nurses during the first year of the pandemic.

Design: Longitudinal secondary analysis of Nurses' Health Studies 2 and 3 and Growing Up Today Study data.

Methods: Sample included 36,518 total participants, 12,044 of which were nurses, who completed surveys during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020 to April 2021).

Treatment of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with remdesivir is associated with lower likelihood of 30-day readmission: a retrospective observational study.

This observational study investigated the association between remdesivir treatment during hospitalization for COVID-19 and 30-day COVID-19-related and all-cause readmission across different variants time periods. Hospitalization records for adult patients discharged from a COVID-19 hospitalization between 1 May 2020 to 30 April 2022 were extracted from the US PINC AI Healthcare Database. Likelihood of 30-day readmission was compared among remdesivir-treated and nonremdesivir-treated patients using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, corticosteroid treatment, Charlson comorbidity index and intensive care unit stay during the COVID-19 hospitalization.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Treatments in the United States.

Introduction: Racial and ethnic disparities in patient outcomes following COVID-19 exist, in part, due to factors involving healthcare delivery. The aim of the study was to characterize disparities in the administration of evidence-based COVID-19 treatments among patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Methods: Using a large, US hospital database, initiation of COVID-19 treatments was compared among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between May 2020 and April 2022 according to patient race and ethnicity.

Associations between weight discrimination and the use of potentially harmful dietary supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

The dietary supplements industry disproportionately markets potentially harmful products promising weight loss, cleansing/detoxing, and boosted energy and immunity to women. The COVID-19 pandemic heightened consumer concerns around health and body weight, which may have increased women's risks of using supplements, particularly if they had a higher weight and experienced weight discrimination. This study aimed to estimate inequities in prevalence and change in use of weight-loss, cleanse/detox, immunity, and energy supplements in the first year of the pandemic and to assess the extent to which the relationship between weight and supplement use differs across discrimination experiences.

Financial precarity, food insecurity, and psychological distress prospectively linked with use of potentially dangerous dietary supplements during the pandemic in the US.

Introduction: Supplements sold with claims to promote weight loss, cleansing/detoxing, increased energy, or boosted immunity can be dangerous, and consumers experiencing extreme stressors may be especially vulnerable to deceptive claims. The purpose of our study was to investigate associations of financial strain and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic with use of supplements sold for weight loss, cleanse/detox, energy, or immunity.

Methods: We used repeated-measures data gathered over five survey waves from April/May 2020-April 2021 from the COVID-19 Substudy ( = 54,951), within three prospective US national cohorts (Nurses' Health Study 2, Nurses' Health Study 3, and Growing Up Today Study), to investigate longitudinal associations between financial strain and psychological distress and risk of use of potentially dangerous types of supplements.

Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs): A versatile growth promoter in modern agricultural production.

Agriculture is a backbone of global economy and most of the population relies on this sector for their livelihood. Chitosan as a biodegradable material thus can be explored for in various fields in its nano form to replace non-biodegradable and toxic compounds. The chitosan has appealing properties like biocompatibility, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and low allergenic, making it useful in several applications including in agriculture sector.

Evaluation of a one-hour asynchronous video training for eating disorder screening and referral in U.S. Pediatric Primary Care: A pilot study.

Objective: Develop and pilot-test the efficacy of an online training in improving comfort, knowledge, and behaviors related to eating disorders (EDs) screening among U.S.-based pediatric primary care providers (PCPs).

User experience study of an affordable manual standing wheelchair.

Purpose: The manual user-operated Arise Standing Wheelchair (SWC) is the end-result of multiple design iterations based on comments from user trials. The Arise SWC provides standing functionality, outdoor mobility, affordability, and customizability. This paper describes a user experience study of the Arise SWC's pre-commercial version.

Design of a low-cost, reconfigurable, standing wheelchair with easy and stable sit-stand-sit transition capability.

Purpose: Assistive devices like Standing Wheelchairs (SWC) have remained out of reach of the economically underprivileged even before the pandemic-induced financial downturn, and more so now. This paper describes the mechanical design of a manual user-actuated SWC that is cost-effective (equivalent of USD 210 in India, ex-factory) and has special features that minimise user effort and accommodates varying body weights (50-110 kg) and dimensions (1.52-1.

Family Functioning as a Protective Factor for Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Gender Minority Adolescents.

Gender minority (GM) youth are more likely to engage in sexual behaviors that increase risk of exposure to sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. However, family functioning may be protective against sexual risk taking. We characterized longitudinal associations between family functioning (family communication and family satisfaction) and sexual risk behaviors across two years in a community sample of 30 GM adolescents, ages 13-17 years.

Disparities and Temporal Trends in COVID-19 Exposures and Mitigating Behaviors Among Black and Hispanic Adults in an Urban Setting.

Importance: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has disproportionately affected Black and Hispanic communities in the US, which can be attributed to social factors including inconsistent public health messaging and suboptimal adoption of prevention efforts.

Objectives: To identify behaviors and evaluate trends in COVID-19-mitigating practices in a predominantly Black and Hispanic population, to identify differences in practices by self-reported ethnicity, and to evaluate whether federal emergency financial assistance was associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study was conducted by telephone from July 1 through August 30, 2020, on a random sample of adults who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing at a safety-net health care system in Chicago during the surge in COVID-19 cases in the spring of 2020.

Spatial, Ecologic, and Clinical Epidemiology of Community-Onset, Ceftriaxone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Cook County, Illinois, USA.

We performed a spatial and mixed ecologic study of community-onset Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from a public healthcare system in Cook County, Illinois, USA. Individual-level data were collected from the electronic medical record and census tract-level data from the US Census Bureau. Associations between individual- and population-level characteristics and presence of ceftriaxone resistance were determined by logistic regression analysis.

Longitudinal effects of gender minority stressors on substance use and related risk and protective factors among gender minority adolescents.

Purpose: Gender minority (GM) adolescents, who have a different gender identity than their sex assigned at birth, may use substances as a coping strategy in response to GM-related stressors. This study examined longitudinal effects of gender minority stressors on substance use in GM adolescents, and related risk factors (internalized transphobia, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms) and protective factors (resilience, gender-related pride, family functioning, social support, gender-related community connectedness).

Methods: Participants were 30 GM adolescents, ages 13-17 years, from the U.

Disease Distribution at Presentation Impacts Benefit of IP Chemotherapy Among Patients with Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer with miliary disease spread is an aggressive phenotype lacking targeted management strategies. We sought to determine whether adjuvant intravenous/intraperitoneal (IV/IP) chemotherapy is beneficial in this disease setting.

Methods: Patient/tumor characteristics and survival data of patients with stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent optimal primary debulking surgery from 01/2010 to 11/2014 were abstracted from records.

Design journey of an affordable manual standing wheelchair.

Purpose: Only 1 in 10 people with disabilities can access assistive devices, underlining the critical need for low-cost assistive products. This paper describes the design evolution of a manual user-operated standing wheelchair (SWC), translating from prototype to product.

Methods: The SWC design has been refined over 5 years through multiple iterations based on comments from user trials.

Sexual orientation-related differences in contraceptive use: A brief report based on a cohort of adolescent and young women.

Objectives: To examine contraceptive methods used by adolescent/young adult women of diverse sexual orientations.

Study Design: We collected data from 12,902 females, born 1982-1995, from the longitudinal Growing Up Today Study.

Results: Compared to heterosexuals, lesbians were half as likely to use contraceptives; other sexual minority subgroups (e.

Comparison of cytokines in the peritoneal fluid and conditioned medium of adolescents and adults with and without endometriosis.

Problem: To compare inflammatory- and immune-associated peritoneal cytokines of adolescents and adults with and without endometriosis.

Methods Of Study: In a nested case-control study in multiple university-affiliated scientific centers, ten adolescents and thirteen adults with visually and histologically confirmed endometriosis (cases), thirteen adolescents with visually suspected endometriosis but indeterminate (seven patients) or negative (six patients) histology, and fifteen adults undergoing surgery for non-malignant gynecologic disease without endometriosis (controls) underwent laparoscopic aspiration of peritoneal fluid (PF), from which PF and conditioned medium (CM) cytokine levels were assayed.

Results: Compared to adults with endometriosis, MCP-3, IL-12p40, MIP-1β, and IL-15 were significantly higher among adolescents with endometriosis, while TNF-β and CTACK were lower among adolescents.

Comparison of the Effect of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept on Changes in Macular Choroidal Thickness in Patients Treated for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intravitreal injections (IVI) of ranibizumab and aflibercept on the choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with treatment-naive diabetic macular edema (DME) before and after monthly IVI. . Prospective monocenter study.

Supplementation with vitamin D or ω-3 fatty acids in adolescent girls and young women with endometriosis (SAGE): a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Adolescents with endometriosis are a particularly underserved population who struggle with chronic pain. Despite widespread use, there are no published trials examining the individual effects of vitamin D and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation on endometriosis-associated pain in adolescents.

Objectives: We aimed to determine whether supplementation with vitamin D or ω-3 fatty acids remediates pain, changes frequency of pain medication usage, or affects quality of life in young women with endometriosis.

Alcohol Policies and Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths Involving Blood Alcohol Concentrations Below 0.08.

Introduction: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury death in the U.S. Restrictive alcohol policies protect against crashes involving alcohol above the legal blood alcohol concentration of 0.

[Dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) in patients with diabetic macular edema: Real life safety and efficacy].

Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of the intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DI) for patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in real life.

Methods: We conducted a monocentric retrospective analysis of the change in visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) after intravitreal injection of the DI at peak efficacy (2 months after injection) as well as the timing of reinjections and complications in patients with a loss of vision due to DME.

Results: Forty eyes of 33 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 12.