Radioproteomics stratifies molecular response to antifibrotic treatment in pulmonary fibrosis.

Antifibrotic therapy with nintedanib is the clinical mainstay in the treatment of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD). High-dimensional medical image analysis, known as radiomics, provides quantitative insights into organ-scale pathophysiology, generating digital disease fingerprints. Here, we performed an integrative analysis of radiomic and proteomic profiles (radioproteomics) to assess whether changes in radiomic signatures can stratify the degree of antifibrotic response to nintedanib in (experimental) fibrosing ILD.

Retention of Ciprofloxacin and Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solutions Using Chitosan-Based Cryostructured Composites.

Water pollution is becoming a great concern at the global level due to highly polluted effluents, which are charged year by year with increasing amounts of organic residues, dyes, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. For some of these pollutants, the industrial treatment of wastewater is still relevant. Yet, in some cases, such as pharmaceuticals, specific treatment schemes are urgently required.

Chitosan-Based Beads Incorporating Inorganic-Organic Composites for Copper Ion Retention in Aqueous Solutions.

In recent years, there has been a challenging interest in developing low-cost biopolymeric materials for wastewater treatment. In the present work, new adsorbents, based on different types of chitosan (commercial, commercial chitin-derived chitosan and chitosan synthesized from shrimp shell waste) and inorganic-organic composites have been evaluated for copper ions removal. The efficacy of the synthesis of chitosan-based composite beads has been determined by studying various characteristics using several techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, porosimetry (N adsorption), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Phenotyping by persistent inflammation in systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease: a EUSTAR database analysis.

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous disease with frequently associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). We aimed to determine the prognostic potential of phenotyping patients with SSc and SSc-ILD by inflammation and to describe disease trajectories stratified by inflammation and immunosuppressive treatment.

Methods: Patients from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) group cohort were allocated to persistent inflammatory, intermediate and non-inflammatory phenotypes if C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were ≥5 mg/L at ≥80%, at 20-80% and at <20% of visits, respectively.

Synergistic Sustained Drug-Release System Based on Immobilized L. Phytoextract into Layered Double Hydroxide Covered by Biocompatible Hydrogel.

This work focuses on the synergetic effect obtained by immobilization of L. phytoextract in layered double hydroxides (LDHs) matrixes and their subsequent encapsulation into biocompatible hydrogels (HG). In this respect, the LDHs were used as hosts for the immobilization of the phytoextract by a reconstruction method, after which the LDHs were embedded into biocompatible hydrogel (HG) matrixes, based on polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), by a radical polymerization reaction.

Electrospun/3D-Printed Bicomponent Scaffold Co-Loaded with a Prodrug and a Drug with Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Properties.

This work reports the construction of a bicomponent scaffold co-loaded with both a prodrug and a drug (BiFp@Ht) as an efficient platform for wound dressing, by combining the electrospinning and 3D-printing technologies. The outer component consisted of a chitosan/polyethylene oxide-electrospun membrane loaded with the indomethacin-polyethylene glycol-indomethacin prodrug (Fp) and served as a support for printing the inner component, a gelatin methacryloyl/sodium alginate hydrogel loaded with tetracycline hydrochloride (Ht). The different architectural characteristics of the electrospun and 3D-printed layers were very well highlighted in a morphological analysis performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Uric Acid in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Assessment of Surgical versus Conservative Approach.

Although suggested in early papers, the association between primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and hyperuricemia is still debated, as is the potential benefit of parathyroidectomy compared to conservative treatment in serum uric acid (SUA) metabolism. Material and Our retrospective study of 125 Caucasian PHPT patients with surgical criteria evaluated between 2017 and 2021 at Elias Emergency and University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania aims to describe the characteristics of hyperuricemia in PHPT patients and to assess the differences in SUA levels between 38 surgically cured and 41 conservatively managed patients. Our hyperuricemic PHPT patients (N=34) had significantly higher levels of calcium (11.

Introducing Semi-Interpenetrating Networks of Chitosan and Ammonium-Quaternary Polymers for the Effective Removal of Waterborne Pathogens from Wastewaters.

The present work aims to study the influence of ammonium-quaternary monomers and chitosan, obtained from different sources, upon the effect of semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogels upon the removal of waterborne pathogens and bacteria from wastewater. To this end, the study was focused on using vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC), a water-soluble monomer with known antibacterial properties, and mineral-enriched chitosan extracted from shrimp shells, to prepare the semi-IPNs. By using chitosan, which still contains the native minerals (mainly calcium carbonate), the study intends to justify that the stability and efficiency of the semi-IPN bactericidal devices can be modified and better improved.

Belimumab treatment in autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis - a case series.

Background: The majority of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) achieve complete remission with established treatment regiments. In patients with intolerance or insufficient response to these drugs, the remaining options are limited and novel treatment approaches necessary. In primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and fibrates have improved prognosis dramatically, but there remains a proportion of patients with refractory disease.

Degraded Bone Microarchitecture in Women with PHPT-Significant Predictor of Fracture Probability.

Introduction: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) experience bone mineral density (BMD) loss and trabecular bone score (TBS) alteration, which current guidelines recommend assessing. Considering TBS alongside BMD for a 10-year fracture risk assessment (FRAX) may improve PHPT management.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study composed of 49 Caucasian females (62 ± 10.

Polymer Membranes as Innovative Means of Quality Restoring for Wastewater Bearing Heavy Metals.

The problem that has aroused the interest of this review refers to the harmful effect of heavy metals on water sources due to industrial development. In this respect, the review is aimed at achieving a literature survey on the outstanding results and advancements in membranes and membrane technologies for the advanced treatment of heavy metal-loaded wastewaters. Particular attention is given to synthetic polymer membranes, for which the proper choice of precursor material can provide cost benefits while ensuring good decontamination activity.

A Top-Down Procedure for Synthesizing Calcium Carbonate-Enriched Chitosan from Shrimp Shell Wastes.

Chitosan is used in medicine, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, water treatment, and food due to its superior biocompatibility and biodegradability. Nevertheless, the complex and relatively expensive extraction costs hamper its exploitation and, implicitly, the recycling of marine waste, the most abundant source of chitosan. In the spirit of developing environmental-friendly and cost-effective procedures, the present study describes one method worth consideration to deliver calcium-carbonate-enriched chitosan from shrimp shell waste, which proposes to maintain the native minerals in the structure of chitin in order to improve the thermal stability and processability of chitosan.

Case Report: Genetic Double Strike: VEXAS and TET2-Positive Myelodysplastic Syndrome in a Patient With Long-Standing Refractory Autoinflammatory Disease.

Somatic genetic mutations involving the innate and inflammasome signaling are key drivers of the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Herein, we present a patient, who suffered from a long-standing refractory adult-onset autoinflammatory syndrome (AIS), previously interpreted as various distinct rheumatic disorders. Developing pancytopenia and particularly macrocytic anemia prompted the screening for a hematological malignancy, which led to the diagnosis of a -positive MDS.

Tocilizumab monotherapy after ultra-short glucocorticoid administration in giant cell arteritis: a single-arm, open-label, proof-of-concept study.

Background: Two randomised controlled trials showed a glucocorticoid-sparing effect of tocilizumab in patients with giant cell arteritis. In the GUSTO trial we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab monotherapy after ultra-short-term glucocorticoid treatment in patients with new-onset giant cell arteritis.

Methods: This investigator-initiated, single-arm, single-centre, open-label, proof-of-concept trial with a Simon's two stage design was done at University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

MIXed plastics biodegradation and UPcycling using microbial communities: EU Horizon 2020 project MIX-UP started January 2020.

This article introduces the EU Horizon 2020 research project MIX-UP, "Mixed plastics biodegradation and upcycling using microbial communities". The project focuses on changing the traditional linear value chain of plastics to a sustainable, biodegradable based one. Plastic mixtures contain five of the top six fossil-based recalcitrant plastics [polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PUR), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS)], along with upcoming bioplastics polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polylactate (PLA) will be used as feedstock for microbial transformations.

Quantitative ultrasound to monitor the vascular response to tocilizumab in giant cell arteritis.

Objectives: To characterize the effect of ultra-short glucocorticoids followed by Tocilizumab monotherapy on the intima-media thickness (IMT) in GCA.

Methods: Eighteen GCA patients received 500 mg for 3 consecutive days (total of 1500mg) i.v.

Mitigating Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater by Sequential Treatment with Novel Nanomaterials.

Wastewater (WW) has been widely recognized as the major sink of a variety of emerging pathogens (EPs), antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which may disseminate and impact wider environments. Improving and maximizing WW treatment efficiency to remove these microbial hazards is fundamentally imperative. Despite a variety of physical, biological and chemical treatment technologies, the efficiency of ARG removal is still far from satisfactory.

Poly(β-cyclodextrin)-Activated Carbon Gel Composites for Removal of Pesticides from Water.

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture to increase and protect crop production. A substantial percentage of the active substances applied is retained in the soil or flows into water courses, constituting a very relevant environmental problem. There are several methods for the removal of pesticides from soils and water; however, their efficiency is still a challenge.

Synthesis of titanium nitride via hybrid nanocomposites based on mesoporous TiO/acrylonitrile.

In the present study, the synthesis of titanium nitride (TiN) by carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN) reaction using nanocomposites made of mesoporous TiO/acrylonitrile with different content of inorganic phase were explored. The choice of hybrid nanocomposite as precursor for the synthesis of TiN was made due to the possibility of having an intimate interface between the organic and inorganic phases in the mixture that can favours CRN reaction. Subsequently, the hybrid composites have been subjected to four-step thermal treatments at 290 °C, 550 °C, 1000 °C and 1400 °C under nitrogen atmosphere.

Comparative Analysis of User Exposure to the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by the Fourth and Fifth Generations of Wi-Fi Communication Devices.

A suitable metric to describe human exposure to microwaves emitted by wireless communication devices is still incomplete. By using both theoretical analysis and experimental validation (in controlled and real deployed networks), we analyze and compare the specificity of exposure due to data transmissions in different configurations of fourth and fifth generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards in the proximity of a mobile device. Measurements made use of the capability of the amplitude probability density incorporated in a real-time spectrum analyzer, proving its agility of highlighting different user exposure profiles.

Molecularly imprinted films and quaternary ammonium-functionalized microparticles working in tandem against pathogenic bacteria in wastewaters.

Despite major efforts to combat pollution, the presence of pathogenic bacteria is still detected in surface water, soil and even crops due to poor purification of domestic and industrial wastewaters. Therefore, we have designed molecularly imprinted polymer films and quaternary ammonium-functionalized- kaolin microparticles to target specifically Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) in wastewaters and ensure a higher purification rate by working in tandem. According to the bacteriological indicators, a reduction by 90 % was registered for GNB (total coliforms and Escherichia coli O157) and by 77 % for GPB (Clostridium perfringens) in wastewaters.

Composite Nanogels Based on Zeolite-Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate for Controlled Drug Delivery.

This study presents the design of novel composites nanogels, based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and natural zeolite particles, that are able to act as materials with controlled drug delivery properties. Natural zeolite‒nanogels composite, with varying zeolite contents, were obtained by an inverse mini-emulsion technique and loaded with 5-fluorouracil, a widely used chemotherapeutic drug. Herein, the possibility of adjusting final properties by means of modifying the preparation conditions was investigated.