Three-Dimensional Design and Implementation of a Dual Compartment Imaging Chamber to Assess Effects of Hypertonic Saline on Periaxonal Swelling and Axonal Spheroid Formation Following Cervical Contusive Spinal Cord Injury in Real Time.

Contusive and compressive spinal cord injury (SCI) induces pathological changes to spinal cord white matter (WM) including periaxonal swelling and resultant disruption of the axomyelinic interface, axonal swelling/spheroid formation, and secondary axonal transection. To further our knowledge of the role of vascular edema in these pathological changes to WM, we designed, and three-dimensional (3D) printed a dual-compartment imaging chamber separated by a semipermeable membrane to mimic and manipulate interstitial and vascular fluid compartments in real time. We hypothesized that hypertonic saline (HTS) applied to the "vascular" chamber would osmotically shift fluid out of the periaxonal space and preserve myelinated fibers after SCI.

Dietary Restriction Impacts Peripheral Circadian Clock Output Important for Longevity in .

Circadian clocks may mediate lifespan extension by caloric or dietary restriction (DR). We find that the core clock transcription factor is crucial for a robust longevity and fecundity response to DR in . To identify clock-controlled mediators, we performed RNA-sequencing from abdominal fat bodies across the 24 h day after just 5 days under control or DR diets.