J Pharm Bioallied Sci
December 2024
Background: The study aims to evaluate insulin resistance in obese individuals with normotensive diabetes using Homeostasis Model Assessment and correlate it with anthropometric measurements, highlighting the link between poor lifestyles and metabolic syndrome.
Methods: The research assessed the anthropometric, lipid, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, serum insulin, and lipidosis profiles of 100 people using both traditional procedures and the Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-IR.
Results: A study of 100 participants, including 43 males and 57 females, found a significant waist-hip ratio (HOMA-IR >2.
Loop-extrusion machinery, comprising the cohesin complex and CCCTC-binding factor CTCF, organizes the interphase chromosomes into topologically associating domains (TADs) and loops, but acute depletion of components of this machinery results in variable transcriptional changes in different cell types, highlighting the complex relationship between chromatin organization and gene regulation. Here, we systematically investigated the role of 3D genome architecture in gene regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells under various perturbation conditions. We found that acute depletion of cohesin or CTCF disrupts the formation of TADs, but affects gene regulation in a gene-specific and context-dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunosenescence, the slow degradation of immune function over time that is a hallmark and driver of aging, makes older people much more likely to be killed by common infections (such as flu) than young adults, but it also contributes greatly to rates of chronic inflammation in later life. Such micro nutrients are crucial for modulating effective immune responses and their deficiencies have been associated with dysfunctional immunity in the elderly. In this review, we specifically focused on the contribution of major micro nutrients (Vitamins A, D and E, Vitamin C; Zinc and Selenium) as immunomodulators in ageing population especially related to inflame-ageing process including autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Globally, ticks rank second only to mosquitoes as vectors of deadly pathogens affecting humans and first in transmitting animal pathogens, presenting a significant challenge to human wellness and sustainability of livestock-based industries. Traditional tick control via chemical acaricides impacts on the environment and has led to the emergence of multi-acaricide-resistant tick populations. Use of immunoprophylactic, along with other components of integrated tick management, holds the potential to mitigate tick infestations in a sustainable manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, garlic-oil-combined cellulose fibers were prepared by using Borassus flabellifer (Asian Palmyra palm) to enhance the post-harvest shelf life of tomatoes. The physicochemical properties of the prepared cellulose fibers were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Recommendations on paediatric single-injection local anaesthetic (LA) dosing for peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are based on the children's weight and limited by weight-based toxicity concerns. In this study, we assessed the extent of circumferential spread and block characteristics following the injection of an age-based volume (age in years = LA volume) of 0.25% bupivacaine following popliteal sciatic nerve block (PSNB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactivation of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a commonly adapted strategy to ameliorate β-hemoglobinopathies. However, the continued production of defective adult hemoglobin (HbA) limits HbF tetramer production affecting the therapeutic benefits. Here, we evaluated deletional hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) mutations and identified an 11-kb sequence, encompassing putative repressor region (PRR) to β-globin exon-1 (βE1), as the core deletion that ablates HbA and exhibits superior HbF production compared with HPFH or other well-established targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVertebrate genomes are partitioned into chromatin domains or topologically associating domains (TADs), which are typically bound by head-to-head pairs of CTCF binding sites. Transcription at domain boundaries correlates with better insulation; however, it is not known whether the boundary transcripts themselves contribute to boundary function. Here we characterize boundary-associated RNAs genome-wide, focusing on the disease-relevant and TAD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheileria orientalis is known to cause a benign infection in cattle and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). However, the Ikeda and Chitose genotypes of the parasite cause lethal disease in beef and dairy cattle. Recently an outbreak of clinical oriental theileriosis occurred in buffalo calves in a Government Animal Husbandry and Agricultural Farm located in Uttar Pradesh, India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: The safety of conventional regional nerve block techniques in patients with established neuropathies, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), is still unclear. We designed this prospective dose finding study to identify the minimum effective local anaesthetic volume of 0.5% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block in 90% of DPN patients undergoing below-knee surgery (MELAV90).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objectives: The delay in communicating the results to tuberculosis (TB) patients leads to increased rates of initial loss to follow up of treatment. The gap in communication among healthcare providers requires application of new tools that will address the challenges. Mobile phone technologies could be a useful tool in this context for the delivery of information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: The efficacy of bilateral nasociliary and maxillary nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia on intraoperative opioids consumption, emergence and recovery outcomes in adult patients is not well established. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that the above blocks, combined with general anaesthesia, decrease the intraoperative opioid consumption following nasal surgery.
Methods: In this prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled study, 51 adult patients undergoing elective nasal surgery under general anaesthesia were randomised into one of two groups.
Background And Aim: The dietary profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from Southern India have been infrequently studied. We aimed to study the differences in dietary intake of macro and micronutrients in elderly patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without foot ulcers.
Methods: Elderly patients with T2DM and foot ulcers (n = 79; mean age: 60.
Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a widely used treatment modality for mental disorders such as major depression, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and catatonia. However, it is considered as one of the most controversial and misunderstood procedures, especially among caregivers.
Methods: An experimental pre-test, post-test design was adopted.
Background: Bovine tropical theileriosis (BTT) is a haemoprotozoan tick-borne disease that implicates huge losses to livestock in terms of considerable mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. Currently available diagnostic methods have less specificity and sensitivity towards the detection of Theileria species. Therefore, an attempt was made to diagnose Theileria annulata by targeting a multi-copy gene, viz.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe INK4a/ARF locus encodes important cell-cycle regulators p14, p15, and p16. The neighboring gene desert to this locus is the most reproducible GWAS hotspot that harbors one of the densest enhancer clusters in the genome. However, how multiple enhancers that overlap with GWAS variants regulate the INK4a/ARF locus is unknown, which is an important step in linking genetic variation with associated diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disorders. Chrysin (Chy) is reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-oxidative, anti-aging, and anti-atherogenic properties. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether Chy would mediate the cardioprotective effect against hypercholesterolemia-triggered myocardial oxidative stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) of India is aiming to eliminate TB by 2025. The programme has increased its services and resources to strengthen the accurate and early detection of TB. It is important to estimate the cost of TB diagnosis in India considering the advancement and implementation of new diagnostic tools under the NTEP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of the study was to find the suitable situation for the fixation of "six" hole miniplates in open reduction and internal fixation of displaced and nondisplaced unilateral angle of the mandible fractures.
Subjects And Methods: Displaced, nondisplaced, simple, compound (linear and noncomminuted) isolated unilateral angle fractures with or without occlusal derangement were included in this study.
Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test was used for the statistical analysis.