Comparative Cross Sectional Prospective Study of Anterior Skull Base Thickness in Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhoea vs Matched Controls.

Cerebrospinal fluid (Csf) leak is the leakage of CSF from subarachnoid space into the nasal cavity.Csf rhinorrhoea is classified as traumatic and non traumatic causes (Ommaya et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 31(3):214, 1968).

Prevailing Practices in Ototoxicity Monitoring in Individuals With Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: The aim of the current scoping review is to identify the studies reporting ototoxicity monitoring in individuals with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiation therapy and/or chemoradiation therapy across the world. The specific objectives were to identify and report the test protocol used, identify the most common timeline of follow-up, and identify barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of the monitoring program.

Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across six electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest.

Bilateral cochlear implantation in infantile Bartter's syndrome.

Bartter's syndrome (BS) is a rare group of hereditary salt losing tubulopathies due to impairment of renal transport mechanism. Herein, we report a boy in early childhood who was diagnosed to have infantile Bartter's syndrome. Laboratory investigations revealed hypokalaemia and metabolic alkalosis which was managed with oral potassium chloride supplementation.

Efficacy of Triamcinolone Nasal Packing on Post-Operative Outcome in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Unlabelled: Introduction: Endoscopic sinus surgery is a frequently performed surgery for sinonasal polyposis. This includes various complications such as Crusting and synechiae formation etc. which can be reduced or minimised by regular nasal douching and nasal toileting in immediate post operative period.

Isolated thyroid abscess in early childhood.

Isolated thyroid abscess is a rare entity in early childhood. Among thyroid disorders, thyroid abscess or acute suppurative thyroiditis constitutes about 0.7%-1% of all cases.

A Rare Case Report Of Benign Airway Stenosis and Challenges in its Management.

Laryngeal stenosis following surgical intervention of larynx is a difficult condition to manage. The extensive adhesions formed between the vocal cords can obstruct the glottis and subglottis region and make decannulation unfeasible. In this report, we describe the challenges faced in the management of Glottosubglotic stenosis formed post Coblation assisted surgery for bilateral abductor cord palsy.

Evaluation of Thyroid Nodule: Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) and Clinicopathological Correlation.

Ultrasound is one of the accepted modality for the initial assessment of thyroid nodules. Thyroid image reporting and data system (TIRADS) classification system is the most useful of the risk stratification systems of thyroid imaging in predicting malignancy. The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical usefulness of TIRADS in the evaluation of thyroid nodule and compare it with final histopathological results.

Carotid Anomalies and Their Implication in ENT Surgery.

Carotid Anomalies are with significant surgical implication to an Otorhinolaryngologist. The authors discuss the evaluation and management of a child with Pierre Robin Syndrome who presented with severe OSA, secondary to bilateral midline carotids that compromised the airway, and an adult with cervical bolus and dysphagia who presented similar to chronic tonsillitis but found to have Retropharyngeal Carotids. This case study emphasizes the need for awareness and a high index of suspicion to identify the variation of the carotid artery in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal surgery that has a propensity to result in catastrophic consequences if operated upon.

Laryngeal Lymphoma in a Child - Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Head and neck is the second most common region for lymphomas. Extranodal lymphomas of the larynx are rare in the pediatric population. Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) of the larynx is common in the supraglottic region as its rich in lymphoid tissue.

Microbial Profile in Tracheostomy Tube and Tracheostoma: A Prospective Study.

Tracheostomy a lifesaving procedure done more frequently for critically ill patients for mechanical ventilation, bronchopulmonary toileting, reduce pulmonary effort has variable complications to itself. The common being secondary infection with bacteria and fungi, which in turn lead to granulation formation in stoma and on peristomal region. This prospective study was done with an aim to study, correlate and compare the microbial organisms grown in culture from tracheostomy tubes and peristomal granulation in ventilated and non-ventilated patient.

Endoscopic Transnasal Management of Giant Paediatric Sinonasal Ossifying Fibroma.

The ossifying fibroma is a rare fibro-osseous benign lesion of bone in the head and neck region. The mandible is the most common site reported followed by maxilla and other bones of the skull. A paediatric male presented with protrusion of the right eyeball for one-month duration.

Partial Middle Turbinectomy Versus Medialization Suturing of Middle Turbinate in the Management of Sinonasal Polyposis: A Comparative Study.

The main goals of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is, to enlarge the sinus ostia. Most common cause of failure of ESS is lateralization of the middle turbinate causing recurrent blockade of osteomeatal complex (OMC) and recurrence of disease. Many techniques have been described for preventing lateralization of the middle turbinate.

Assessment of Olfaction Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

To assess the olfactory outcomes following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) in patients diagnosed with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) and Sinonasal polyposis (SNP). To assess and compare the pre-operative and post-operative olfactory scores of patients undergoing ESS/ ESS + polypectomy/ESS + Septoplasty by subjective and objective methods. This is a prospective, cohort study which included a total of 60 patients.

Role of Primary Aetiology of Intubation in Acquired Laryngotracheal Stenosis: An Institutional Audit and Review of Literature.

Aetiology of acquired laryngotracheal stenosis (ALTS) is complex and heterogenous. The aim of this study is to discuss the role of primary aetiology of intubation in the development and outcomes of Post intubation Laryngo tracheal stenosis (PILTS). A retrospective review of patients diagnosed and managed as PILTS from May 2008 to January 2017 was conducted.

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: An Audit.

This study aims at identifying the predisposing factors, clinical and radiological features that dictated the treatment outcome of Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). This is a retrospective observational study. Medical records of 39 patients with ROCM proven by fungal smear or histopathology (HPE), admitted in Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019 were reviewed and audited.

Clinical Outcomes of Endonasal Sphenopalatine Artery Cauterization in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is one of the common ENT surgeries performed. Various techniques are available for reducing the blood loss during ESS. The efficacy of cauterization of the SPA in reducing the per-operative blood loss has not been explored in the literature.

Osteomas of temporal bone: a rare presentation.

Osteoma of the temporal bone is an unusual benign slow-growing tumour composed of mature lamellar bone. It is a single pedunculated mass that often occurs unilaterally. Osteomas of external auditory canal are more common than in the other parts of temporal bone.

Laryngeal keel in severe congenital glottic web: case report and review of literature.

Glottic web is an abnormal soft tissue adhesion between the vocal cords which occurs due to failure of recanalisation. Congenital glottic webs comprises 5% of laryngeal anomalies. Cohen classified glottic webs into four types based on percentage of airway obliteration.

Cholesteatoma extending into the sternocleidomastoid muscle presenting as a Bezold abscess.

Cholesteatoma is a non-neoplastic cystic lesion arising in the middle ear cleft with the propensity to spread and recur after surgery, but it is unusual to find cholesteatoma invading sternocleidomastoid muscle after 15 years of modified radical mastoidectomy and presenting as Bezold abscess. In this report, the authors highlight the fact that cholesteatoma recurrence if neglected can present as a Bezold abscess with the invasion of cholesteatoma from the mastoid tip into the sternocleidomastoid muscle. This requires complete excision of the cholesteatoma sac along with the surrounding soft tissue.

Acute Fulminant Mucormycosis Triggered by Covid 19 Infection in a Young Patient.

Covid 19 infection can result in various opportunistic infections. Altered immune response, associated comorbid conditions like diabetes, prolonged steroid and broad spectrum antibiotics usage with ICU interventions lead to increased chance of such superadded infections in covid 19 patients. Here we report a case of 31 year old male with covid 19 infection who had new onset Diabetes Mellitus, developed severe acute fulminant Mucormycosis during the treatment for covid 19 infection.

Endoscopic management of a giant dentigerous cyst.

Dentigerous cyst is one of the most common developmental cyst of the jaw which accounts for approximately 20%-30% of bone cyst in the head and neck region. Most common site is the third molar of the mandible. However, maxillary involvement is not uncommon.

Role of thuja in the management of laryngeal papilloma.

Juvenile respiratory laryngeal papillomatosis is a subset of a larger clinical entity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. It is characterised by the development of recurrent papillomata in the vocal folds. Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 has been implicated to be the most common strain of virus associated with the formation of laryngeal papilloma.

Necrotising fasciitis following accidental injection of intraoral xylene: a preventable medication error.

The most common cause of preventable mortality and morbidity to the patient in a healthcare system is medication error. Medication errors have got a significant impact on the patient health and healthcare system. These errors are multidisciplinary and can occur at various stages of drug therapy.

Oropharyngeal Kimura's disease: a diagnostic dilemma and therapeutic challenge.

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder involving subcutaneous tissue and locoregional lymph nodes of head and neck region, characterised by angiolymphoid proliferation. It is typically associated with peripheral eosinophilia, increased serum IgE and lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis is usually based on histopathological examination.

Management of Post-Traumatic Subglottic Stenosis and Pharyngosubglottic Fistula.

Injury to the aerodigestive tract following external laryngeal trauma is rare. Reports of acquired laryngopharyngeal fistula are very few. We report a very rare presentation of penetrating neck trauma presenting with fracture of the cricoid cartilage, subglottic stenosis and pharyngosubglottic fistula.