Role of flavonoid troxerutin on blood pressure, oxidative stress and regulation of lipid metabolism.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of troxerutin (TX) on N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) induced hypertension in male albino Wistar rats. L-NAME (40mg/kg body weight (bw)) administration caused a sustained increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP), levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), tissue lipids (liver and kidney) such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), and significant decrease in the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, phospholipids (PL) and levels of non enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E. To assess the toxicity if any of TX treatment, hepatic and renal function markers were measured.

Cultural considerations in the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia: A case example from India.

Culture plays an important role in the presentation, help seeking, treatment and outcomes of psychiatric illnesses like schizophrenia. We report a case of paranoid schizophrenia in a 35-year-old lady, from South India, whose clinical presentation was influenced by various sociocultural factors. These cultural constructs were taken into consideration to formulate an acceptable and effective management plan.

Outcome of acute and transient psychotic disorder in an index episode: A study from a tertiary care centre in North India.

Background: Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorder (ATPD) is a psychotic disorder of brief duration with acute onset and uncertain diagnostic stability.

Aim: To study the diagnostic stability of ATPD during the index episode.

Method: 140 patients diagnosed with ATPD as per ICD-10, attending a tertiary care hospital in North India were evaluated at follow ups.

Relaxin: a missing link in the pathomechanisms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease which predominantly affects women of reproductive age. Despite significant progress in recent years to elucidate many potential mechanisms involved in the generation of autoimmunity the factors behind the high incidence among women, the relapsing-remitting clinical course and pregnancy-related complications in SLE remain unclear. In this review, we hypothesize a potential role for uterine endometrium through its production of relaxin, a peptide hormone, as a "missing-link" to explain this female predominance, variable clinical course and obstetric complications operating in SLE.

Preventive psychiatry: Concept appraisal and future directions.

Preventive psychiatry is a branch of psychiatry that aims at health promotion, protection from specific mental illnesses, early diagnosis, effective treatment, disability limitation and rehabilitation. Prevention of neuropsychiatric illnesses as compared to other illnesses is particularly important as they run a chronic course and cause substantial disability. Preventive measures have been found to be effective in reducing incidence and disability in a wide range of mental illnesses such as depression, psychosis, anxiety and conduct disorders.

HIV associated dementia: role for neurosteroids.

HIV associated dementia (HAD), is a neuronal complication of HIV infection and causes cognitive and motor impairment. The cognitive decline in HAD is due to widespread synaptic loss than neuronal loss. The neurotoxicity in HAD is caused by activation of NMDA receptors by HIV-proteins but the exact mechanism of the synaptic loss is yet to be determined.