Exploring Radiology Postgraduate Students' Engagement with Large Language Models for Educational Purposes: A Study of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices.

 The integration of large language models (LLMs) into medical education has received increasing attention as a potential tool to enhance learning experiences. However, there remains a need to explore radiology postgraduate students' engagement with LLMs and their perceptions of their utility in medical education. Hence, we conducted this study to investigate radiology postgraduate students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding LLMs in medical education.

Enhancing residency training by addressing anatomical knowledge gaps through structured educational programs: a need assessment study in radio diagnosis residents.

Introduction: The evolving curricula in medical education have significantly reduced the time allocated for learning and clinically correlating anatomical facts. This has led to noticeable gaps in the anatomical knowledge observed by specialists while training junior residents and is being extensively documented in the literature.

Materials And Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted online by sharing the questionnaire via e-mail, WhatsApp, and Telegram to institutes across all Indian states and union territories where postgraduate radiodiagnosis courses are offered.

Enhancing Crop Resilience: The Role of Plant Genetics, Transcription Factors, and Next-Generation Sequencing in Addressing Salt Stress.

Salt stress is a major abiotic stressor that limits plant growth, development, and agricultural productivity, especially in regions with high soil salinity. With the increasing salinization of soils due to climate change, developing salt-tolerant crops has become essential for ensuring food security. This review consolidates recent advances in plant genetics, transcription factors (TFs), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies that are pivotal for enhancing salt stress tolerance in crops.

Integrins and integrin-driven secretory pathways as multi-dimensional regulators of tumor-associated macrophage recruitment and reprogramming in tumor microenvironment.

Integrins, a group of transmembrane receptors, play a crucial role in mediating the interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The intracellular signaling initiated by these cell-matrix interactions in leukocytes mediates many essential cellular processes such as survival, migration, metabolism, and other immunological functions. Macrophages, as phagocytes, participate in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes, including progression.

Neuroprotective effect of Bacillus subtilis in haloperidol induced rat model, targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Functional microbes regulate Parkinson's disease (PD), according to contemporary research. The mechanism by which probiotics (PBT) improve PD was not fully explored yet. We examined the antioxidant impact and mechanism of PBT (Bacillus subtilis) on PD using gut-brain axis regulation.

A Rare Case of Nasal Rhinosporidiosis in the Santhal Pargana Region of Jharkhand: Clinical Presentation and Management.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease affecting mucosal membranes, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. This case report presents a young male from Santhal Pargana, Jharkhand, who presented with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and a mass in the right nasal cavity. Surgical excision and histopathological analysis confirmed rhinosporidiosis.

An study reveals that a C-terminal fragment of the adhesion protein Fibulin7 (Fbln7-C) regulates the activation of integrin α5β1 through dynamics of VWA and the hybrid domain in the β1 subunit.

A C-terminal fragment of the adhesion protein Fibulin7 (Fbln7-C) binds to monocytes and neutrophils integrin α5β1, regulating their adhesion and immunological functions through Erk and STAT signaling pathways. It also inhibits cell binding, spreading, and migration on fibronectin. However, the precise structural components of Fbln7-C that interact with various domains of integrin α5β1 and contribute to its regulatory effects are not entirely understood.

Deciphering the importance of nanoencapsulation to improve the availability of bioactive molecules in food sources to the human body.

Various bodily functions are maintained, and health benefits are provided by food-derived bioactive components. Fruits and vegetables contain numerous beneficial components, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, enzymes, and phytonutrients. However, the body's ability to absorb these substances at a given rate and degree frequently limits their bioavailability.

Medical Doctors' Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare.

Introduction With the current exponential expansion of robotics, implants, and imaging technologies, diagnostic processes within the healthcare industry are becoming popular platforms for artificial intelligence (AI) use. Thus, an understanding of physicians' attitudes toward AI and the extent to which medical educators are ready to work with AI is necessary. This research aimed to study doctors' perceptions of AI in healthcare.

Bisphenol F-induced precocious genesis of aggressive neurobehavioral response is associated with heightened monoamine oxidase activity and neurodegeneration in zebrafish brain.

The production and use of plastics and plastics products has increased dramatically in recent decades. Moreover, their unprotected disposal into ambient life sustaining environment poses a significant health risk. Bisphenol F (BPF) an alternative to bisphenol A (BPA) has been extensively employed for making of plastics.

Role of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 in immunosuppression of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) contributes greatly to global cancer incidence and is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. It is a complex disease characterized by numerous subtypes with distinct clinical manifestations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are not effective in all patients and have been associated with tumor resistance and immunosuppression.

Circular Bioeconomy in Action: Transforming Food Wastes into Renewable Food Resources.

The growing challenge of food waste management presents a critical opportunity for advancing the circular bioeconomy, aiming to transform waste into valuable resources. This paper explores innovative strategies for converting food wastes into renewable food resources, emphasizing the integration of sustainable technologies and zero-waste principles. The main objective is to demonstrate how these approaches can contribute to a more sustainable food system by reducing environmental impacts and enhancing resource efficiency.

Integrins α5β1 and αvβ3 Differentially Participate in the Recruitment and Reprogramming of Tumor-associated Macrophages in the In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Breast Tumor.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) drive the protumorigenic responses and facilitate tumor progression via matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression by interacting with extracellular matrix proteins via integrins. However, the expression dynamics of integrin and its correlation with TAM functional programming in the tumors remain unexplored. In this study, we examined surface integrins' role in TAM recruitment and phenotypic programming in a 4T1-induced murine breast tumor model.

Radiologic Decision-Making for Imaging in Pulmonary Embolism: Accuracy and Reliability of Large Language Models-Bing, Claude, ChatGPT, and Perplexity.

 Artificial intelligence chatbots have demonstrated potential to enhance clinical decision-making and streamline health care workflows, potentially alleviating administrative burdens. However, the contribution of AI chatbots to radiologic decision-making for clinical scenarios remains insufficiently explored. This study evaluates the accuracy and reliability of four prominent Large Language Models (LLMs)-Microsoft Bing, Claude, ChatGPT 3.

Smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan as a root canal irrigant: a systematic review of in-vitro studies.

This systematic review was designed to answer the following question: Does chitosan provide better smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy than other root canal irrigants? A literature search was done using electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO host, Grey Literature Report, and Open Grey from inception to June 18, 2024. The reference lists of included articles were also hand-searched. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies' eligibility based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed data extraction.

Unraveling the molecular basis for effective regulation of integrin α5β1 for enhanced therapeutic interventions.

Cell attachment to the extracellular matrix significantly impacts the integrity of tissues and human health. The integrin α5β1 is a heterodimer of α5 and β1 subunits and has been identified as a crucial modulator in several human carcinomas. Integrin α5β1 significantly regulates cell proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, tumor metastasis, and invasion.

An In Vitro Analysis of the Effects of Mouthwashes on the Surface Properties of Composite Resin Restorative Material.

Background: Restorative composite resins have clinical prime importance in modern dental practice, but numerous factors influence their prognosis in the oral environment. Their interaction with oral care products, like mouthwashes, is one such factor. This study aimed to evaluate the quantifiable effects of different mouthwashes on the surface properties of the composite resin restorative material.

Biobased heterogeneous renewable catalysts: Production technologies, innovations, biodiesel applications and circular bioeconomy.

The growing population and waste biomass accumulation are leading to increased environmental pollution and climate change. Waste biomass comprising of nutrient rich components has promising potential to produce value-added products for sustainable environmental solutions. This review explores the critical role of bio-based heterogeneous catalysts in enabling sustainable waste biomass utilization.

The comprehensive review on 3D printing- pharmaceutical drug delivery and personalized food and nutrition.

Three-dimensional printing is one of the emerging technologies that is gaining interest from the pharmaceutical industry as it provides an opportunity to customize drugs according to each patient's needs. Combining different active pharmaceutical ingredients, using different geometries, and providing sustained release enhances the effectiveness of medicine. One of the most innovative uses of 3D printing is producing fabrics, medical devices, medical implants, orthoses, and prostheses.

Concerted monoamine oxidase activity following exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate is associated with aggressive neurobehavioral response and neurodegeneration in zebrafish brain.

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly preferred synthetic organic chemical in plastics and its products for making them ductile, flexible and durable. As DEHP is not chemically bound to the macromolecular polymer of plastics, it can be easily leached out to accumulate in food and environment. Our recent report advocated that exposure to DEHP significantly transformed the innate bottom-dwelling and scototaxis behaviour of zebrafish.

AAV mediated repression of Neat1 lncRNA combined with F8 gene augmentation mitigates pathological mediators of joint disease in haemophilia.

Haemophilic arthropathy (HA), a common comorbidity in haemophilic patients leads to joint pain, deformity and reduced quality of life. We have recently demonstrated that a long non-coding RNA, Neat1 as a primary regulator of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 and MMP13 activity, and its induction in the target joint has a deteriorating effect on articular cartilage. In the present study, we administered an Adeno-associated virus (AAV) 5 vector carrying an short hairpin (sh)RNA to Neat1 via intra-articular injection alone or in conjunction with systemic administration of a capsid-modified AAV8 (K31Q) vector carrying F8 gene (F8-BDD-V3) to study its impact on HA.