The p53 gene is mutated in greater than 50% of several human cancers including bladder urothelial carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, and oral cancer. Mutations in the p53 gene occur predominantly in the DNA-binding domain causing loss of function and accumulation of dysfunctional p53 protein in tumors by hetero-oligomerization with the wild type p53. Thus an in silico approach for the rational design of potent, pharmacologically active small drug-like compounds targeting mutated p53 was undertaken.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral cancer is the sixteenth most common cancer globally, with a relatively poor five-year survival rate of 50%. Thus it is imperative to understand the biology of oral cancer and examine alternative prognostic and therapeutic targets for oral cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs mediating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through mRNA degradation or translational repression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) is a rare syndrome caused by RET germline mutations and has been associated with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in up to 30% of cases. Recommendations on RET screening in patients with apparently sporadic PHPT are unclear. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of cases presenting with PHPT as first manifestation among MEN 2A index cases and to characterize the former cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral cancer is a major public health concern in the Asian countries predominated by India which accounts for 33.81% of the annual global oral cancer burden. The well-established high-risk factors associated with oral cancer include tobacco, areca nut, alcohol consumption, and high-risk human papilloma virus types 16/18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The mental adjustment to a breast cancer diagnosis is traumatic and stressful, with wide-ranging differences in the responses observed in Indian women. We investigated the association between demographic features and perceived social support during the adjustment of patients to breast cancer.
Methods: A total of 393 patients with breast cancer were included in the study.
H-Ras oncogene plays a critical role in the transformation of normal cells to a malignant phenotype through constitutive activation of the GTP bound protein leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation in several human cancers. Thus, H-Ras oncoprotein serves as an excellent target for anticancer drug discovery. To identify novel H-Ras inhibitors, we performed structure-based virtual screening of the Maybridge HitFinder™ library using Schrodinger suite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the current study, ceftazidime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant—or dual drug-resistant (DDR)— were isolated from river Mula-Mutha, which flows through rural Pune district and Pune city. The DDR were further examined for antibiotic resistance to six additional antibiotics. The study also included detection of genes responsible for ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin resistance and vectors for horizontal gene transfer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major health concern in India. The aim of the study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with AMI in patients using dedicated chip and validating the identified SNPs on custom-designed chips using high-throughput microarray analysis.
Methods: In pilot phase, 48 AMI patients and 48 healthy controls were screened for SNPs using human CVD55K BeadChip with 48,472 SNP probes on Illumina high-throughput microarray platform.
Oral cancer is the eleventh most common cancer globally, with well-established major risk factors of tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18. HR-HPV16/18 are the etiologic agents of cervical cancers and a proportion of oropharyngeal cancers. HPV-associated oropharyngeal and oral cancers show better prognosis and response to therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular pathogenesis of oral cancers continues to be researched by omics systems science biotechnologies. Oral cancers rank as the 13th most common cancer globally. Notably, the burden of oral cancers from the Asian continent is 56.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlternate mechanisms of drug resistance involving intrinsic defense pathways play an important role in development of drug resistance. Deregulation of drug efflux, cellular metabolism, and DNA repair have been indicated to have effect on drug tolerance and persistence. Here we chose eight genes from these pathways to investigate their association with development of multidrug resistance (MDR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmplification of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and its transmission are significant barriers in controlling tuberculosis (TB) globally. Diagnostic inaccuracies and delays impede appropriate drug administration, which exacerbates primary and secondary drug resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral cancer is a high incidence cancer in India primarily due to the prevalent tobacco/areca nut chewing habits and hence a major health concern. India constitutes 26% of the global oral cancer burden. Besides the well-established risk factors, the genomic constitution of an individual plays a role in oral cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Oral cancer has a high incidence primarily because of tobacco chewing habits. However, a small proportion of habitués develop oral cancer, implying a role for genomic variants in its susceptibility.
Methods: Thirteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in an Indian cohort comprising patients with oral cancer (n = 500) and healthy controls (n = 500) were genotyped using allelic discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Globocan 2012 reports the global oral cancer incidence of 300,373 new oral cancer cases annually, contributing to 2.1 % of the world cancer burden. The major well-established risk factors for oral cancer include tobacco, betel/areca nut, alcohol and high-risk oncogenic human papilloma virus (HPV) 16/18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The use of tobacco has been on the rise globally including in India, posing a grave public health problem. Recently, tobacco use through hookah smoking has increased among young adults in India, Middle East, Southwest Asia, Africa, Europe and North America. Hookah prevalence of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral cancer incidence of 77,003 poses a major health concern in India, with 5-10 % tobacco habitués developing oral cancer. The current study examined the role of specific genomic variants in oral cancer. We examined five genomic variants represented as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with cell proliferation and cellular invasion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral cancer is a high incidence cancer which is of major public health concern in India being the most common cancer in males and fifth most common cancer in females in India, contributing to 26% of the global oral cancer burden. The major risk factors of oral cancer are tobacco, alcohol and high risk Human Papilloma Virus type 16/18. However, only 3-12% of the high risk individuals with dysplasia develop oral cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current study was undertaken with a view to identify differential biomarkers in chewing-tobacco-associated oral cancer tissues in patients of Indian ethnicity. The gene expression profile was analyzed in oral cancer tissues as compared to clinically normal oral buccal mucosa. We examined 30 oral cancer tissues and 27 normal oral tissues with 16 paired samples from contralateral site of the patient and 14 unpaired samples from different oral cancer patients, for whole genome expression using high-throughput IlluminaSentrix Human Ref-8 v2 Expression BeadChip array.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: ATP binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1) facilitates the formation of high density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL due to its anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities provides protection against atherothrombosis or myocardial infarction (MI). The aim was to investigate the role of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) ABCA1 expression in MI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The clinical effectiveness of Warfarin is established. Patients require different warfarin dosages to achieve the target therapeutic anticoagulation. The variability of Warfarin dosage is largely genetically determined, and it can be partly explained by the C1173T and G-1639A polymorphisms of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) which is its target and *2 and *3 allele of Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2C9 [CYP2C9] enzyme which metabolizes to its inactive form.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: UCP2 is a mitochondrial membrane transporter expressed in white adipose tissue and involved in regulation of energy balance. In this present study, we examined the depot specific comparison of UCP2 gene expression in different metabolic states, in order to explore the potential role of UCP2 in human obesity and diabetes. We also determined UCP2's association with adiponectin and insulin resistance with different parameters of the metabolic syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite advances in diagnostic techniques, approximately 10,000 babies with β-thalassemia major are born annually in India. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), an alternative to prenatal diagnosis, helps in negative selection of affected embryos prior to implantation. Hereby, we report the first successful β-thalassemia PGD pregnancy in an Indian carrier couple.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe identification of multidrug resistant (MDR), extensively and totally drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), in vulnerable sites such as Mumbai, is a grave threat to the control of tuberculosis. The current study aimed at explaining the rapid expression of MDR in Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) compliant patients, represents the first study comparing global transcriptional profiles of 3 pairs of clinical Mtb isolates, collected longitudinally at initiation and completion of DOTS. While the isolates were drug susceptible (DS) at onset and MDR at completion of DOTS, they exhibited identical DNA fingerprints at both points of collection.
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