Provision of primary care pharmacy operated by hospital pharmacist.

A primary care pharmacy (PCP) is operated by hospital pharmacists in Thailand. This study aims to explore the level of PCP provisions operated by hospital pharmacists, to identify health service components that affect PCP operation and to collect opinions from pharmacists regarding factors influencing PCP operation. A postal survey was conducted in northeastern Thailand.

Economic evaluation of pharmacy services: a systematic review of the literature (2016-2020).

Background: Economic evaluation is crucial for healthcare decision-makers to select effective interventions. An updated systematic review of the economic evaluation of pharmacy services is required in the current healthcare environment.

Aim: To conduct a systematic review of literature on economic evaluation of pharmacy services.

Efficacy of Varenicline in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.

Background: Although varenicline has been used for alcohol dependence (AD) treatment, its efficacy for this condition remains controversial.

Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assesses the efficacy and safety of varenicline in patients with AD.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ThaiLis were systematically searched.

Overall Survival and Survival Time by Palliative Performance Scale: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Thailand.

Objectives: The palliative performance scale (PPS) is a useful tool for predicting the survival time of palliative patients and for multidisciplinary teams in designing an appropriate care plan for patients and their families. This study aimed to (1) assess the survival time of palliative patients, (2) examine the factors associated with survival time and (3) investigate the proportion of patients whose survival time matched the time proposed by existing literature, within the Thai population.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data drawn from five hospitals in one of the north-east provinces in Thailand.

Community pharmacists' preparedness for substituting biologics and dispensing biosimilars - Lessons learned from a multinational survey.

Interchangeability between biological medicines and biosimilars, and subsequent substitution by pharmacists represent an important opportunity for costs savings for health care systems. Because biological medicines are complex products, the expert role of the pharmacist to inform patients and support physicians is indispensable. However, regulations on substitution of biosimilars differ around the globe, such that a substitution that is allowed in one country may be forbidden in another.

Applying action research in pharmacy practice.

Medication errors are closely associated with patient safety, as they affect quality of health care. Pharmacists play a key role in preventing such errors to ensure patient safety and enhance pharmacy service quality. Quality improvement has been suggested to be incorporated into daily practice, providing practitioners an opportunity to identify service delivery gaps and configure solutions fitting the context.

Process, quality and challenges of diabetes care in primary care: a study of district health network in Thailand.

This study aimed to describe the process of care, assess the quality of care based on defined indicators, and identify challenges associated with providing diabetes care via sub-district health promotion hospital (SHPH) facilities in Thailand. Primary care policy has directed that diabetes care be delivered via SHPH in order to reduce hospital congestion and minimize travel costs for patients. Limited data is available regarding the structure for providing care.

Outcomes, costs and stakeholders' perspectives associated with the incorporation of community pharmacy services into the National Health Insurance System in Thailand: a systematic review.

Objectives: Identify costs, outcomes and stakeholders' perspectives associated with incorporation of community pharmacy services into the Thai National Health Insurance System and their values to all stakeholders.

Methods: Using a combination of search terms, a comprehensive literature search was performed using the Thai Journal Citation Index Centre, Health System Research Institute database, PubMed and references from recent reviews. Identified studies were published between January 2000 and December 2014.

Unit cost of common illness management: a comparison between a primary care unit and a community pharmacy in Thailand.

Unlabelled: Aim This study was to perform unit cost analysis of managing common illnesses comparing between a primary care unit (PCU) and a community pharmacy.

Background: PCU is a key point of access for primary care in Thailand. Although a community pharmacy is an ideal setting, it has not been successfully incorporated in Thailand's health service.

Public attitudes towards community pharmacy attributes and preferences for methods for promotion of public health services.

Objective: To identify attitudes towards pharmacy characteristics and promotional methods for selected pharmacy public health services (lifestyle advice and screening for cardiovascular risk factors) among different sectors of the general public.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey, using a previously validated questionnaire.

Methods: Three survey methods were used, across 15 areas of England, to maximize diversity: face-to-face; telephone; and self-completion of paper questionnaires.

A meta-analysis of efficacy of Morus alba Linn. to improve blood glucose and lipid profile.

Purpose: The previous studies have reported the Morus alba may improve blood glucose and lipid profile. The evidence from these studies is not consistent. This meta-analysis was to evaluate efficacy of products derived from M.

Depression screening and advisory service provided by community pharmacist for depressive students in university.

Background: Depressive symptom among adolescent is prevalent but advisory service for this symptom is limited, particularly in university.

Objectives: (1) To identify depressive students in health science faculties, (2) To evaluate the consequence of depression advisory service by community pharmacist, compared between a group counseling and an individual one.

Methods: A two-phase study was designed-a cross-sectional study followed by an experimental study.

General public's views on pharmacy public health services: current situation and opportunities in the future.

Objectives: To explore the experience of and willingness to use seven pharmacy public health services related to cardiovascular risk among the general public in England.

Study Design: Mixed-methods study.

Methods: A mixed-methods study, involving a cross-sectional survey using multiple distribution methods followed by a focus group discussion (FGD) with a sample of survey respondents.

Thai community pharmacist involvement in weight management in primary care to improve patient's outcomes.

Background: The community pharmacist has significant potential to assist in providing health advice aimed at the improvement outcomes pertaining to weight management, however, up to now, evidence regarding its effectiveness has been inconclusive. In Thailand, community pharmacy involvement in weight management is a novel idea and therefore needs an evaluation of its effectiveness.

Objective: To examine essential outcomes, comparing the pharmacist's interventions with a routine weight management service provided at a primary care unit (PCU).

How to enhance public health service utilization in community pharmacy?: general public and health providers' perspectives.

Background: Community pharmacists (PHs) in England are increasingly providing a range of public health services. However, the general public view pharmacists as drug experts and not experts in health, and therefore, services may be underutilized.

Objectives: To explore experiences and views of 4 groups of participants, the general public, PHs, general practitioners (GPs), and other stakeholders (STs) on pharmacy-based public health services, and identify potential factors affecting service use.

Economic analysis of the diabetes and hypertension screening collaboration between community pharmacies and a Thai government primary care unit.

Aims: To evaluate models for collaboration between community pharmacies and a government primary care unit (PCU) in carrying out a screening program for diabetes and hypertension.

Methods: An action research was undertaken and a screening and referring protocol developed. Study sites were two community pharmacies (Model 1) and footpaths/streets and seven communities (Model 2) under supervision of PCU in the city of Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand.

Dendrimers conjugates for colonic delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid.

The water-soluble polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer conjugates for colonic delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) were designed. The drug was bound to the dendrimer using two different spacers containing azo-bond, p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH). Incubation of PAMAM dendrimer conjugates containing PABA and PAH spacers with rat cecal contents at 37 degrees C gradually released 5-ASA with time and the amount of drug released was 45.