Microbiome and epigenetic variation in wild fish with low genetic diversity.

Non-genetic sources of phenotypic variation, such as the epigenome and the microbiome, could be important contributors to adaptive variation for species with low genetic diversity. However, little is known about the complex interaction between these factors and the genetic diversity of the host, particularly in wild populations. Here, we examine the skin microbiome composition of two closely-related mangrove killifish species with different mating systems (self-fertilising and outcrossing) under sympatric and allopatric conditions.

Exercise Recommendation for People With Bone Metastases: Expert Consensus for Health Care Providers and Exercise Professionals.

Purpose: Exercise has been underutilized in people with advanced or incurable cancer despite the potential to improve physical function and reduce psychosocial morbidity, especially for people with bone metastases because of concerns over skeletal complications. The International Bone Metastases Exercise Working Group (IBMEWG) was formed to develop best practice recommendations for exercise programming for people with bone metastases on the basis of published research, clinical experience, and expert opinion.

Methods: The IBMEWG undertook sequential steps to inform the recommendations: (1) , (2) , (3) to physicians and nurse practitioners, (4) of IBMEWG to review evidence from steps 1-3 to develop draft recommendations, and (5) .

[Nonpharmaceutical concepts for prevention and treatment of delirium].

Background: Cognitive impairment is common among older patients in German hospitals (40%). Dementia, other brain diseases and frailty significantly increase the risk of delirium and pose great challenges to interdisciplinary and interprofessional teams. Delirium prevention is achievable but requires complex interdepartmental strategies with specific components for timely recognition of the individual delirium risk, to carry out structured and sustained implementation of appropriate measures for delirium prevention as well as prompt etiological diagnostics and immediate treatment when delirium occurs.

Exercise for individuals with bone metastases: A systematic review.

Background: Exercise has the potential to improve physical function and quality of life in individuals with bone metastases but is often avoided due to safety concerns. This systematic review summarizes the safety, feasibility and efficacy of exercise in controlled trials that include individuals with bone metastases.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, PEDro and CENTRAL databases were searched to July 16, 2020.

Safety and Effects of Football in Skeletal Metastatic Prostate Cancer: a Subgroup Analysis of the FC Prostate Community Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Skeletal metastatic disease excludes many cancer patients from participating in exercise and physical activity due to safety concerns. Empirical evidence from high-quality trials is warranted to guide clinicians and patients.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and potential benefits of high-impact aerobic exercise in patients with prostate cancer with skeletal metastases.

Rising to the challenge: designing, implementing and reporting exercise oncology trials in understudied populations.

Exercise can improve cancer-related fatigue, quality of life and physical fitness, but is understudied in less common cancers such as multiple myeloma. Studying less common cancers and the adoption of novel study designs and open-science practices would improve the generalisability, transparency, rigour, credibility and reproducibility of exercise oncology research.

Factors associated with exercise preferences, barriers and facilitators of prostate cancer survivors.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the exercise levels, preferences and interests of prostate cancer survivors in Canada.

Methods: An electronic survey was administered via a prostate cancer-specific website and assessed self-reported exercise levels, exercise preferences and interests, exercise barriers and facilitators to exercise.

Results: Based on 103 participants, the majority (75.

Impact of exercise on chemotherapy completion rate: A systematic review of the evidence and recommendations for future exercise oncology research.

Receipt of full chemotherapy dose is associated with improved treatment efficacy and survival following a diagnosis of cancer. Exercise has emerged as a supportive care intervention that may improve chemotherapy completion rate by managing dose-limiting toxicities. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the impact of exercise interventions on outcomes of chemotherapy completion rate in adult cancer patients.

A HER2-specific Modified Fc Fragment (Fcab) Induces Antitumor Effects Through Degradation of HER2 and Apoptosis.

FS102 is a HER2-specific Fcab (Fc fragment with antigen binding), which binds HER2 with high affinity and recognizes an epitope that does not overlap with those of trastuzumab or pertuzumab. In tumor cells that express high levels of HER2, FS102 caused profound HER2 internalization and degradation leading to tumor cell apoptosis. The antitumor effect of FS102 in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) correlated strongly with the HER2 amplification status of the tumors.

Health-related physical fitness assessment in a community-based cancer rehabilitation setting.

Purpose: Assessment of physical fitness is important in order to set goals, appropriately prescribe exercise, and monitor change over time. This study aimed to determine the utility of a standardized physical fitness assessment for use in cancer-specific, community-based exercise programs.

Methods: Tests anticipated to be feasible and suitable for a community setting and a wide range of ages and physical function were chosen to measure body composition, aerobic fitness, strength, flexibility, and balance.

Compressive rib fracture: peri-mortem and post-mortem trauma patterns in a pig model.

Despite numerous studies on high impact fractures of ribs, little is known about compressive rib injuries. We studied rib fractures from a biomechanical and morphological perspective using 15, 5th ribs of domestic pigs Sus scrofa, divided into two groups, desiccated (representing post-mortem trauma) and fresh ribs with intact periosteum (representing peri-mortem trauma). Ribs were axially compressed and subjected to four-point bending in an Instron 3339 fitted with custom jigs.