Twelve-month follow-up of a controlled trial of a brief behavioural intervention to reduce psychological distress in young adolescent Syrian refugees.

Aims: The majority of studies of mental health interventions for young adolescents have only evaluated short-term benefits. This study evaluated the longer-term effectiveness of a non-specialist delivered group-based intervention (Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions; EASE) to improve young adolescents' mental health.

Methods: In this single-blind, parallel, controlled trial, Syrian refugees aged 10-14 years in Jordan who screened positive for psychological distress were randomised to receive either EASE or enhanced usual care (EUC).

Breaking barriers in trauma research: A narrative review of opportunities to leverage veterinary trauma for accelerated translation to clinical solutions for pets and people.

Trauma is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in humans and companion animals. Recent efforts in procedural development, training, quality systems, data collection, and research have positively impacted patient outcomes; however, significant unmet need still exists. Coordinated efforts by collaborative, translational, multidisciplinary teams to advance trauma care and improve outcomes have the potential to benefit both human and veterinary patient populations.

Race and gender disparities in preventive health activity engagement of older adults in the southeastern United States.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine preventive-health-activity engagement in community-dwelling older adults participating in student-led health screenings in east Alabama. From 2017-2019, health professions students conducted health screenings at 23 community and independent living sites to assess medical and social needs of adults. Clients' responses to questions regarding vaccinations (flu/pneumonia/shingles), cancer screenings (colon/sex-specific), and other (dental/vision) screenings were aggregated to create a preventive health behavior (prevmed) score.

Anti-GM-CSF otilimab versus tofacitinib or placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to conventional or biologic DMARDs: two phase 3 randomised trials (contRAst 1 and contRAst 2).

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of otilimab, an antigranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor antibody, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Two phase 3, double-blind randomised controlled trials including patients with inadequate responses to methotrexate (contRAst 1) or conventional synthetic/biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cs/bDMARDs; contRAst 2). Patients received background csDMARDs.

Anti-GM-CSF otilimab versus sarilumab or placebo in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to targeted therapies: a phase III randomised trial (contRAst 3).

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of otilimab, an anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor antibody, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and an inadequate response to conventional synthetic (cs) and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and/or Janus kinase inhibitors.

Methods: ContRAst 3 was a 24-week, phase III, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Patients received subcutaneous otilimab (90/150 mg once weekly), subcutaneous sarilumab (200 mg every 2 weeks) or placebo for 12 weeks, in addition to csDMARDs.

Food Intake, Source, and Planning and Shopping Behavior Differences Among Hispanic, White, Black, and Asian Females.

Background: Abdominal obesity remains a high public health concern. Within the United States, there are noted disparities among different ethnic/racial groups in relation to obesity, especially for females.

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis project was to examine the differences in nutritional intake, food sources, and meal planning and food shopping between Hispanic, White, Black, and Asian females by abdominal obesity level in the United States.

Using Large-Group Simulation Incorporating a Variety of Media Formats in Innovating Interprofessional Education.

Innovative teaching strategies incorporated into curricula can prepare students for interprofessional practice and have a positive impact on patient outcomes and team dynamics in health care. Our team of faculty from nursing, social work, and pharmacy developed and implemented an activity using simulation in the large classroom to improve students' perceptions of working in interprofessional teams. Effectiveness was assessed using the Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies Attainment Survey with a pretest-posttest design.

Ten Lessons Learned in the Implementation of Mobile, Community-Based Interprofessional Clinics.

Incorporation of interprofessional activities within health profession programs is critical to prepare students for practice. Faculty at our institution saw a need to incorporate interprofessional education in the nursing, pharmacy, social work, and dietetics program curricula. We collaborated with a medical school in the area to develop a mobile, community-based interprofessional clinic to deliver care and education and address the needs of older adults while also providing unique, meaningful learning opportunities for students.

Examining the Impact of Structured, Reflective Prebriefing on Student Performance During Simulation.

Little is known about the impact of prebriefing on students' experiences of learning with simulation. This mixed-methods study evaluated the impact of prebriefing activities on nursing students' satisfaction, confidence, and performance of nursing skills during a simulation. Findings revealed students who experienced a structured, more robust prebriefing had improved performance during the simulation and reported higher levels of confidence and satisfaction in learning compared to a group that experienced a standard prebriefing.

Achievement of interprofessional competencies in live and virtual community clinics: A comparative study.

Background: Interprofessional education is imperative for training future healthcare professionals. While barriers exist within and across institutions to implement and sustain effective interprofessional education experiences for students, virtual clinics utilizing electronic health records may provide comparable benefits to in-person clinics.

Objective: To determine whether differences in pre- and post-test self-assessments of interprofessional collaborative competencies are different between in-person and virtual clinics.

Single and Multiplex Immunohistochemistry to Detect Platelets and Neutrophils in Rat and Porcine Tissues.

Platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs) occur during the inflammatory response to trauma and infections, and their interactions enable cell activation that can lead to tissue destruction. The ability to identify the accumulation and tissue localisation of PNCs is necessary to further understand their role in the organs associated with blast-induced shock wave trauma. Relevant experimental lung injury models often utilise pigs and rats, species for which immunohistochemistry protocols to detect platelets and neutrophils have yet to be established.

Effectiveness of a brief group behavioural intervention on psychological distress in young adolescent Syrian refugees: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Millions of young adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) affected by humanitarian crises experience elevated rates of poor mental health. There is a need for scalable programs that can improve the mental health of young adolescents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a nonspecialist delivered group-based intervention (Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE)) to improve young adolescents' mental health.

Resuscitation with whole blood or blood components improves survival and lessens the pathophysiological burden of trauma and haemorrhagic shock in a pre-clinical porcine model.

Purpose: In military trauma, disaster medicine, and casualties injured in remote locations, times to advanced medical and surgical treatment are often prolonged, potentially reducing survival and increasing morbidity. Since resuscitation with blood/blood components improves survival over short pre-surgical times, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of resuscitation afforded by blood/blood products or crystalloid resuscitation over extended 'pre-hospital' timelines in a porcine model of militarily relevant traumatic haemorrhagic shock.

Methods: This study underwent local ethical review and was done under the authority of Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986.

Quantification of stroke volume in a simulated healthy volunteer model of traumatic haemorrhage; a comparison of two non-invasive monitoring devices using error grid analysis alongside traditional measures of agreement.

Introduction: Haemorrhage is a leading cause of death following traumatic injury and the early detection of hypovolaemia is critical to effective management. However, accurate assessment of circulating blood volume is challenging when using traditional vital signs such as blood pressure. We conducted a study to compare the stroke volume (SV) recorded using two devices, trans-thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) and supra-sternal Doppler (SSD), against a reference standard using trans- thoracic echocardiography (TTE).

A classification algorithm to predict chronic pain using both regression and machine learning - A stepwise approach.

This secondary data analysis study aimed to (1) investigate the use of two sense-based parameters (movement and sleep hours) as predictors of chronic pain when controlling for patient demographics and depression, and (2) identify a classification model with accuracy in predicting chronic pain. Data collected by Oregon Health & Science University between March 2018 and December 2019 under the Collaborative Aging Research Using Technology Initiative were analyzed in two stages. Data were collected by sensor technologies and questionnaires from older adults living independently or with a partner in the community.

Using Invitational Theory to Examine Nursing Students' Experiences of Their Learning Environment.

Aim: The aim of this study was to test Purkey's invitational theory to evaluate unique aspects of the learning environment in nursing education.

Background: Faculty evaluate student learning but rarely students' unique experiences within learning environments.

Method: This interpretive phenomenological analysis explored students' perceptions of their prelicensure learning environments.

Common factors in psychological treatments delivered by non-specialists in low- and middle-income countries: Manual review of competencies.

Delivery of psychological and psychosocial treatments by non-specialists in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) is a growing strategy to address the global mental health treatment gap. However, little is known about which competencies are essential for non-specialists to effectively deliver treatment. Psychotherapy research in high-income countries suggests that effective treatment requires competency in common factors.

Effect of parachute delivery on red blood cell (RBC) and plasma quality measures of blood for transfusion.

Background: Parachute airdrop offers a rapid transfusion supply option for humanitarian aid and military support. However, its impact on longer-term RBC survival is undocumented. This study aimed to determine post-drop quality of RBCs in concentrates (RCC), and both RBCs and plasma in whole blood (WB) during subsequent storage.

Development of chlorine-induced lung injury in the anesthetized, spontaneously breathing pig.

Chlorine is a toxic industrial chemical produced in vast quantities globally, being used in a range of applications such as water purification, sanitation and industrial processes. Its use and transport cannot be restricted; exposure may occur following accidental or deliberate releases. The OPCW recently verified the use of chlorine gas against civilians in both Syria and Iraq.

Anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor antibody otilimab in patients with hand osteoarthritis: a phase 2a randomised trial.

Background: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key mediator of signs and symptoms in preclinical models of osteoarthritis. We explored the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of an anti-GM-CSF antibody, otilimab, in patients with hand osteoarthritis.

Methods: This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2a study was done in 16 centres in the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, the UK, and the USA.

What am I supposed to be looking at? Controls and measures in inter-modal preferential looking.

Intermodal preferential looking (IMPL) is widely used in experimental studies of infant development, especially language development. Control measures vary, and it is not clear how these affect findings. We examined effects of parental awareness of stimuli.