Arthroscopic approach and anatomy of the stifle joint in the rabbit.

Objective: To describe a technique and normal findings for arthroscopy of the stifle in rabbits.

Study Design: Cadaver study.

Animals: Twenty cadaveric stifles from New Zealand White rabbits were examined.

Myocardial contusion and rib fracture repair in an adult horse.

Objective: To describe the clinical findings and management of myocardial injury secondary to blunt thoracic trauma and rib fracture in an adult horse.

Case Summary: A 6-year-old Warmblood gelding presented for treatment of blunt thoracic trauma. Sonographic examination of the thorax revealed a complete, mildly comminuted fracture of the left 5th rib with a fragment overlying the left atrium and coronary artery, hemothorax, and subjective left ventricular dyskinesis.

A vectored equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vaccine elicits protective immune responses against EHV-1 and H3N8 equine influenza virus.

Vaccination is commonly used to control equine respiratory pathogens such as equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) and equine influenza virus (EIV). Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a recombinant EHV-1 modified live virus vaccine (MLV) based on a recent abortogenic EHV-1 strain, NY03. The immunogenicity and efficacy of the MLV was tested in horses in an EHV-1 vaccination/challenge experiment using the highly virulent neurovirulent EHV-1 strain OH03.

Effective treatment of respiratory alphaherpesvirus infection using RNA interference.

Background: Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae, is spread via nasal secretions and causes respiratory disease, neurological disorders and abortions. The virus is a significant equine pathogen, but current EHV-1 vaccines are only partially protective and effective metaphylactic and therapeutic agents are not available. Small interfering RNAs (siRNA's), delivered intranasally, could prove a valuable alternative for infection control.

Equine herpesvirus 1 entry via endocytosis is facilitated by alphaV integrins and an RSD motif in glycoprotein D.

Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae, and its broad tissue tropism suggests that EHV-1 may use multiple receptors to initiate virus entry. EHV-1 entry was thought to occur exclusively through fusion at the plasma membrane, but recently entry via the endocytic/phagocytic pathway was reported for Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1 cells). Here we show that cellular integrins, and more specifically those recognizing RGD motifs such as alphaVbeta5, are important during the early steps of EHV-1 entry via endocytosis in CHO-K1 cells.