Routine vaccine uptake in school-aged autistic and non-autistic youth: A linked database study.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine whether school-aged autistic youth received routine vaccines at a lower rate than their non-autistic peers.

Methods: In Nova Scotia (NS), Canada, vaccines routinely delivered in early adolescence are administered to Grade 7 students through a school-based Public Health vaccination program. NS youth eligible to receive Grade 7 vaccinations between 2011 and 2017 were included in this study.

Fetal Growth and Antenatal Testing in Uncomplicated Multiple Gestations.

Multiple gestations experience a slowing of fetal growth in the third trimester and have been described as having a higher risk of growth restriction. Whether this increased diagnosis of fetal growth restriction is physiological or pathologic is controversial. In an attempt to better identify those fetuses most at risk, twin-specific growth charts have been developed and tested.

An eHealth Program for Insomnia in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders (Better Nights, Better Days): Protocol for an Economic Evaluation of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders have a high risk of sleep disturbances, with insomnia being the most common sleep disorder (ie, chronic and frequent difficulties with going and staying asleep). Insomnia adversely affects the well-being of these children and their caregivers. Pediatric sleep experts recommend behavioral interventions as the first-line treatment option for children.

The implementation of a multi-level reflective consultation model in a statewide infant & early childcare education professional development system: Evaluation of a pilot.

The growth in professional development for the infant-early childhood workforce has necessitated the implementation of novel, sustainable approaches to meet infant early childhood mental health (IECMH) training and reflective supervision consultation (RSC) needs. The 12-month pilot of a US statewide reflective consultation (RC) group model included IECMH consultants, grant specialists, supervisors, and program managers (n = 38) and their group reflective consultants (n = 6). The pilot evaluation provided an opportunity to design a study that assessed the impact of RC on infant-early childhood professionals.

Children's Sleep During COVID-19: How Sleep Influences Surviving and Thriving in Families.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to disrupt the lives of families and may have implications for children with existing sleep problems. As such, we aimed to: (1) characterize sleep changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in children who had previously been identified as having sleep problems, (2) identify factors contributing to sleep changes due to COVID-19 safety measures, and (3) understand parents' and children's needs to support sleep during the pandemic.

Methods: Eighty-five Canadian parents with children aged 4-14 years participated in this explanatory sequential, mixed-methods study using an online survey of children's and parents' sleep, with a subset of 16 parents, selected based on changes in their children's sleep, participating in semi-structured interviews.

Dichorionic twin-specific vs singleton growth references for diagnosis of fetal growth restriction.

Background: Fetal growth restriction is associated with an increased risk for adverse neonatal outcomes. The Hadlock singleton growth reference is widely used to determine the estimated fetal weight percentile for both twin and singleton gestations. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's twin-specific growth reference accounts for the different growth trajectory that twins follow during gestation.

Barriers and facilitators to treating insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders: Parent and health care professional perspectives.

Background/aims: Insomnia is highly prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), yet little research exists on sleep treatment access, utilization, and provision in this population. This study explores barriers and facilitators to access, use, and provision of treatment for sleep problems as experienced by parents of children with NDDs, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Cerebral Palsy (CP) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), and health care professionals who work with children with these conditions.

Method: Transcripts from online focus groups and interviews, conducted separately with parents of children with NDDs (n = 43) and health care professionals (n = 44), were qualitatively analyzed using content analysis for key themes.

The Effects of Extended-Release Stimulant Medication on Sleep in Children with ADHD.

Objective: Although stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH), are effective at reducing the core symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), they may also disrupt children's sleep. This study aimed to investigate the acute impact of extended-release MPH on sleep using both actigraphy and polysomnography (PSG).

Method: Participants were 26 medication-naïve newly and rigorously diagnosed children with ADHD (23 males; 3 females) with a mean age of 8 years, 8 months ( = 24.

An eHealth insomnia intervention for children with neurodevelopmental disorders: Results of a usability study.

Background: Sleep problems, particularly insomnia, are highly prevalent in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and can negatively affect health and development. eHealth interventions may increase access to evidence-based care for insomnia for children with NDD, as programs are rare in most communities. Better Nights, Better Days (BNBD) is an online, parent-implemented intervention for pediatric insomnia in typically developing 1- to 10-year-olds.

Infant mental health home visiting therapists' reflective supervision self-efficacy in community practice settings.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the research on reflective supervision, including the development of tools designed to measure reflective practice in the context of reflective supervision. The Reflective Supervision Self-Efficacy Scale for Supervisees (RSSESS) is a self-report measure that has been used in previous evaluations and is designed to assess perceived reflective practice self-efficacy for Infant Mental Health-Home Visiting (IMH-HV) therapists. Properties of the RSSESS including factor structure and reliability are explored in a first study that lays the foundation for the use of the RSSESS in an IMH-HV evaluation in the State of Michigan.

Prevention of Cesarean Delivery Surgical Site Infections.

Importance: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication of cesarean delivery. Seen in up to 12% of cesarean deliveries, it is a major cause of prolonged hospital stay and a burden to the healthcare system. Interventions and techniques must be identified to decrease the risk of cesarean delivery SSIs.

Parenting with a Life-Limiting Illness.

Parents with life-threatening illness face unique challenges in their dual roles as patients and parents. They are at risk for depression, parenting stress, and impaired family functioning, and their children are at risk for adjustment difficulties. In addition to treatment of depression and other mental health issues, patients may also benefit from evidence-informed guidance addressing the challenges of parenting while ill.

A systematic review to explore the feasibility of a behavioural sleep intervention for insomnia in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A transdiagnostic approach.

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are at high risk for sleep problems, especially insomnia. It is currently not known whether behavioural sleep interventions developed for typically developing (TD) children are effective for children with NDD, and if interventions need to be modified for each diagnostic group. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate commonalities, trends in outcomes, and the methodological quality of parent-delivered behavioural sleep interventions for children with NDD, specifically Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Cerebral Palsy, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

Improving transition to adulthood for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Proactive developmental and systems perspective.

Objective: To demonstrate how family physicians can contribute to a piece of the journey of improving quality-of-life outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) when they undergo the transition from adolescence to adulthood.

Sources Of Information: The "Primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. 2018 Canadian consensus guidelines" literature review and interdisciplinary input.

Primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: 2018 Canadian consensus guidelines.

Objective: To update the 2011 Canadian guidelines for primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).

Methods: Family physicians and other health professionals experienced in the care of people with IDD reviewed and synthesized recent empirical, ecosystem, expert, and experiential knowledge. A system was developed to grade the strength of recommendations.

Optimizing an eHealth insomnia intervention for children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a Delphi study.

Insomnia, which is related to daytime deficits and is a common problem for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), is often successfully treated with behavioral strategies. However, there are barriers to accessing these treatments, and there has been little research examining what these interventions need to be usable and effective. The goal of this study was to gain consensus from experts in the field on the key components of an eHealth, parent-implemented, intervention program aimed at improving sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

The next vaccine-autism question: Are school-aged youth with autism spectrum disorder undervaccinated and, if so, why?

Over the past two decades, the words 'autism' and 'vaccination' have often been linked and mired in controversy. In this commentary, we raise a different question about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vaccines: Are school-aged youth with ASD undervaccinated and, if so, why? There are several reasons why youth with ASD might be undervaccinated, including: belief in a vaccine-ASD link, challenges faced by youth with ASD when seeking health care and vaccine hesitancy factors that affect the general population. Possible undervaccination in this group is concerning given the prevalence of ASD and the key role of vaccinations in preventing infectious diseases.

It Takes a Village to Move a Hospital: Simulation Improves Intensive Care Team Preparedness for a Move to a New Site.

Objectives: To evaluate in-situ simulation to prepare a PICU to move to a new, redesigned unit.

Methods: The study setting is an academic PICU. This is a cross-sectional study using in-situ simulations of common PICU admissions.

A COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL FOR THE EXPANSION OF REFLECTIVE PRACTICE AND SUPERVISION: EVALUATION OF A PILOT TRAINING SERIES FOR INFANT MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS.

The Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health identified a need for reflective supervision training for infant mental health (IMH) specialists providing home-based services to highly vulnerable infants and their families. Findings indicate that this pilot of an IMH community mental health professional development model was successful, as measured by the participants' increased capacity to apply reflective practice and supervisory knowledge and skills. Furthermore, IMH clinicians demonstrated an increase in the frequency of their use of reflective practice skills, and their supervisors demonstrated an increase in their sense of self-efficacy regarding reflective supervisory tasks.

Insomnia and incident depression: role of objective sleep duration and natural history.

Longitudinal studies that have examined the association of insomnia with incident depression using objective sleep measures are very limited. The aim of this study was to examine the predictive role of the severity of insomnia for incident depression in a general population sample using psychometric and polysomnographic data. From a random, general population sample of 1741 individuals of the Penn State Adult Cohort, 1137 adults without depression were followed up with a structured telephone interview after 7.

Feasibility and outcomes of a classical Pilates program on lower extremity strength, posture, balance, gait, and quality of life in someone with impairments due to a stroke.

Pilates is a method that can potentially be used for stroke rehabilitation to address impairments in gait, balance, strength, and posture. The purpose of this case report was to document the feasibility of using Pilates and to describe outcomes of a 9-month program on lower extremity strength, balance, posture, gait, and quality of life in an individual with stroke. The participant was taught Pilates exercises up to two times per week for nine months in addition to traditional rehabilitation in the United States.

Investigation of test characteristics of two screening tools in comparison with a gold standard assessment to detect developmental delay at 36 months: A pilot study.

Background: The ability of the Rourke Baby Record (Rourke) and the Nipissing District Developmental Screen (NDDS) to detect developmental delay is not known.

Objective: To determine the test characteristics of the Rourke and NDDS compared with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III for detecting developmental delay in high-risk children.

Methods: Three-year-olds were recruited from the IWK Health Centre (Halifax, Nova Scotia).

Early repair of congenital heart disease associated with increased rate of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.

Background: As more children survive with congenital heart disease, their neurodevelopmental outcomes (including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) are becoming increasingly important. The objective of our study was to determine if school-aged children who underwent early cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease are more likely than healthy control subjects to have screening scores on the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV (SNAP-IV) questionnaire suggestive of ADHD.

Methods: Children aged 7-15 years who underwent open-heart surgery before 1 year of age were identified from the Izaak Walton Killam (IWK) Children's Heart Centre Database.

What's in a name? Attitudes surrounding the use of the term 'mental retardation'.

Over the past 200 years, there have been periodic shifts in the terminology used to describe what is still most commonly referred to in the medical world as 'mental retardation'. There are differing opinions about the acceptability of the term, but very little existing evidence on which clinicians can base their decisions regarding what terminology to use with patients and families, and with one another. The present survey of parents and professionals used questions based on paper-based clinical scenarios to survey each group's attitudes about terminology usage.