A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of Prehabilitation During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Women with Breast Cancer: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Limited data exist regarding the role of multimodal prehabilitation during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer. Determining large trial feasibility and identifying signals of prehabilitation benefit are needed.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled feasibility trial of multimodal prehabilitation versus usual care during NACT among women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula therapy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized cross-over trial.

Objective/background: Moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in children with obesity and/or underlying medical complexity. The first line of therapy, adenotonsillectomy (AT), does not cure OSA in more than 50% of these children. Consequently, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the main therapeutic option but adherence is often poor.

Evaluating symptoms and polysomnographic findings among male and female children with obesity with and without obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Limited data regarding sex-based differences in the presentation and phenotype of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exists among children with obesity. The study objectives were to compare reported symptoms and polysomnogram (PSG) findings between children with obesity 1) with and without OSA and 2) males and females with OSA.

Patients/methods: This cross-sectional study included children with obesity, aged 8-18 years, with a diagnostic PSG between 2015 and 2021, referred for evaluating sleep-related breathing.

To Wear or Not Wear the Mask: Decline in Positive Airway Pressure Usage in Children with Sleep Disordered Breathing During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is an effective treatment prescribed to children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB); however, PAP adherence remains challenging. Given that COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact sleep and daily life, the aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal trajectory of PAP usage in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study.

Chewing gum: alternative therapy to oxygen intolerance.

Unlabelled: Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysregulation, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) syndrome is a rare complex disorder associated with alterations in the endocrine system, autonomic nervous system, and respiratory system. Previously published case reports and studies have noted sleep-disordered breathing in patients with ROHHAD syndrome. Nocturnal respiratory manifestations, which if untreated early by respiratory support, may cause cardiorespiratory arrest and a life-threatening condition.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on positive airway pressure usage in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-invasive positive airway pressure (PAP) usage among children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).

Methods: PAP usage data in children with SDB aged 1 to 18 years old at The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada, were analyzed. The PAP usage data were recorded for 3 months prior to and 3 months following the COVID-19 lockdown in Ontario, Canada.

Sleep-disordered breathing, respiratory patterns during wakefulness and functional capacity in pediatric patients with rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation and autonomic dysregulation syndrome.

Objective: To characterize the clinical presentation of sleep-disordered breathing and respiratory patterns at rest and during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) in children with rapid-onset obesity, hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) syndrome.

Methods: Retrospective study of children with ROHHAD who had a diagnostic baseline polysomnography, daytime cardiorespiratory monitoring at rest and a 6MWT. Polysomnography data were also compared with body mass index-, age-, and sex-matched controls.

Positional obstructive sleep apnea in an obese pediatric population.

Study Objectives: Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is a phenotype of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) where sleep-related obstructive events occur predominantly in the supine position. Limited knowledge exists regarding the presence of POSA in children with obesity. The study objective was to determine the prevalence of POSA while identifying factors associated with POSA in children with obesity.

Respiratory Dysfunction and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children With Myasthenia Gravis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate sleep patterns and the presence of sleep-disordered breathing in children with myasthenia gravis. We further aimed to examine the relationship between sleep and daytime respiratory function using spirometry tests including upright and supine forced vital capacity, sniff nasal inspiratory pressure, and maximal inspiratory pressure.

Methods: Eleven children between 3 and 18 years old with confirmed myasthenia gravis were recruited from The Hospital for Sick Children Neuromuscular Clinic in this prospective observational study.

Obstructive sleep apnea in children aged 3 years and younger: Rate and risk factors.

Objective: Undiagnosed and untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can predispose children to neurobehavioural consequences. However, there is a lack of data identifying rate of, and risk factors for, OSA in very young healthy children. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of OSA and identify risk factors associated with the presence and severity of OSA in children aged 3 years and younger.

Evaluating the effects of general anesthesia on sleep in children undergoing elective surgery: an observational case-control study.

Study Objectives: Previous research has suggested that general anesthetics can disturb postoperative sleep patterns by affecting the sleep-wake cycle. The objective was to identify the effects of general anesthetics on sleep quality and related behavioral changes in children.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational case-control study with children, aged 18 months to 8 years, undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery.

Utility of brain MRI in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the utility of a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), classified as isolated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the absence of adenotonsillar hypertrophy, persistent OSA following adenotonsillectomy, isolated central sleep apnea (CSA) of unclear etiology, OSA with coexisting CSA of unclear etiology, or unexplained nocturnal hypoventilation (NH).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review of polysomnography (PSG) and brain MRI data.

Methods: Children with PSG evidence of SDB, as described above, and who subsequently had their first brain MRI, were included.